Exam 2- Nervous System Prep/Quiz
Only about __________ percent of sensory information reaches the cerebral cortex and our awareness a.) 1 b.) 10 c.) 25 d.) 50 e.) 95
a.) 1
The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are a.) III, IV, and VI b.) II, III, and IV c.) III and V d.) II and VI e.) I, II, and III
a.) III, IV, and VI (oculomotor, trochlear, abducens)
Gustatory information reaches the brain by way of cranial nerve a.) IX b.) IV c.) XI d.) I e.) II
a.) IX (9)
The ____________ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity a.) autonomic b.) sensory division of the peripheral c.) special sensory d.) somatic e.) automatic
a.) autonomic
Reflexes that activate muscles on the opposite side of the body as the stimulus are called a.) contralateral b.) collateral c.) bilateral d.) ipsilateral e.) antilateral
a.) contralateral
The outermost connective-tissue covering of nerves is the a.) epineurium b.) perineurium c.) epimysium d.) endomysium e.) endoneurium
a.) epineurium
Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and then synapse on a.) ganglionic neurons b.) postganglionic fibers c.) sensory neuron neurons d.) motor neurons e.) visceral reflex responses
a.) ganglionic neurons
Receptors that monitor the position of joints belong to the category called a.) proprioceptors b.) baroreceptors c.) thermoreceptors d.) nociceptors e.) chemoreceptors
a.) proprioceptors
As the ______________ nerve approaches the knee, it divides into two branches, the fibular nerve and the tibial nerve a.) sciatic b.) brachial c.) pudendal d.) perineal e.) femoral
a.) sciatic
Compared to the vertebral column, the spinal cord is a.) shorter b.) longer c.) the same length
a.) shorter
The specialized membranes that surround the spinal cord are termed the a.) spinal meninges b.) spinal mater c.) cranial meninges d.) epidural membranes e.) cranial mater
a.) spinal meninges
The sympathetic division of the ANS is also known as which of the following? a.) thoracolumbar division b.) resting division c.) craniosacral division d.) somatic division e.) both somatic division and craniosacral division
a.) thoracolumbar
Which of the following is not one of the special senses a.) balance b.) smell c.) touch d.) taste e.) hearing
a.) touch
Regions of the CNS with an abundance of myelinated axons constitute the ________ matter. a.) white b.) clear c.) dark d.) gray e.) yellow
a.) white
Most CNS neurons lack centrioles. This observation explains. a.) why CNS neurons cannot divide b.) why CNS neurons grow such long axons c.) the ability of neurons to generate an action potential d.) the ability of neurons to communicate with each other e.) the ability of neurons to produce a resting potential
a.) why CNS neurons cannot divide
The white matter of the cerebellum forms a branching array called the a.) vermis b.) arbor vitae c.) cortex d.) medulla e.) fourth ventricle
b.) arbor vitae
Mary is in an automobile accident and suffers a spinal cord injury. She has lost feeling in her lower body. Her doctor tells her that swelling is compressing a portion of her spinal cord. Which part of her cord is likely to be compressed? a.) the anterior white commissures b.) ascending tracts in the lumbar region of her spinal cord c.) descending tracts in the cervical region of her spinal cord d.) descending tracts in the lumbar region of her spinal cord e.) ascending tracts in the cervical region of her spinal cord
b.) ascending tracts (lumbar?)
The glial cells in the central nervous system that form scar tissue after central nervous system injury are the a.) ependymal cells b.) astrocytes c.) microglia d.) satellite cells e.) oligodendrocytes
b.) astrocytes
sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that innervate the heart pass through the a.) otic ganglia b.) cardiac plexus c.) pterygopalatine ganglia d.) celiac plexus e.) hypogastric plexus
b.) cardiac plexus
The _____________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord a.) autonomic b.) central c.) efferent d.) afferent e.) peripheral
b.) central
In the spinal cord, white matter is separated into ascending and descending tracts organized as a.) ganglia b.) columns c.) horns d.) nuclei e.) nerves
b.) columns
Which of the following describes the posterior root ganglion? a.) contains interneurons b.) contains cell bodies of sensory neurons c.) contains axons of sensory neurons d.) contains axons of motor neurons e.) contains cell bodies of motor neurons
b.) contains cell bodies of sensory neurons
In a(n) ___________ synapse, current flows directly between cells a.) ionic b.) electrical c.) electrochemical d.) charged e.) chemical
b.) electrical
Axons crossing from one side of the spinal cord to the other within the gray matter are found in the a.) anterior gray horns b.) gray commissures c.) white commissures d.) lateral gray horns e.) posterior gray horns
b.) gray commissures
Reflexes that activate muscles on the same side of the body as the stimulus are called a.) bilateral b.) ipsilateral c.) antilateral d.) contralateral e.) collateral
b.) ipsilateral
The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the a.) postcentral sulcus b.) longitudinal fissure c.) parieto-occipital sulcus d.) central sulcus e.) transverse fissure
b.) longitudinal fissure
The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called a.) myelinated b.) nodes c.) synapses d.) gap junctions e.) internodes
b.) nodes
The nerve crucial for breathing that originates within the cervical plexus is called the __________ nerve a.) transverse cervical b.) phrenic c.) supraclavicular d.) ansa cervicalis e.) great auricular
b.) phrenic
Identify the structure labeled "1" a.) lateral white column b.) posterior white column c.) lateral white horn d.) anterior white column e.) median commissure
b.) posterior white column
Ganglionic neurons innervate as all of the following except a.) smooth muscle b.) skeletal muscle c.) adipose tissue d.) glands e.) cardiac muscle
b.) skeletal muscle
All of the following are visceral effectors except a.) adipocytes b.) skeletal muscles c.) smooth muscles d.) cardiac muscle e.) glands
b.) skeletal muscles
You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to a.) blink his eyes b.) smell his food c.) nod his head d.) smile e.) see
b.) smell his food
Samples of CSF for diagnostic purposes are normally obtained by placing the tip of a needle in the a.) dura mater b.) subarachnoid space c.) arachnoid mater d.) cerebral ventricles e.) epidural space
b.) subarachnoid space
Axon terminate in a series of fine extensions known as a.) dendrites b.) telodendria c.) knobs d.) collateral branches e.) synapses
b.) telodendria
The statement "Preganglionic axon terminals release acetylcholine" is a.) true only for the sympathetic nervous system b.) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems c.) true only for the somatic nervous system d.) not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems e.) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system
b.) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervou system
All of the following are true of neural reflexes except that they a.) involve at least two neurons b.) usually cannot be suppressed by the brain c.) are automatic motor responses d.) are the simplest form of behavior e.) help preserve homeostasis
b.) usually cannot be suppressed by the brain
In which structure are sensory cell bodies located? a.) 5 b.) 6 c.) 10 d.) 12 e.) 4
c.) 10 (dorsal root ganglion)
Which of the following associations is incorrect? a.) 5 lumbar spinal nerves b.) 8 cervical spinal nerves c.) 11 thoracic spinal nerves d.) 1 coccygeal spinal nerve e.) 5 sacral spinal nerves
c.) 11 thoracic spinal nerves (there are 12)
There are _________ pairs of cranial nerves a.) 2 b.) 22 c.) 12 d.) 6 e.) 31
c.) 12
Nerve tracts or fasciculi make up the a.) central canal b.) posterior gray horns c.) anterior white columns d.) gray commissures e.) all of the above
c.) anterior white columns?
__________ are receptors in the aorta that monitor the blood pressure a.) chemoreceptors b.) nociceptors c.) baroreceptors d.) photoreceptors e.) proprioceptors
c.) baroreceptors
In which plexus does the ulnar nerve arise? a.) cervical b.) cranial c.) brachial d.) lumbar e.) sacral
c.) brachial
The ventral rami of spinal nerves C4 to T1 contribute fibers to the __________ plexus a.) cervical b.) lumbar c.) brachial d.) thoracic e.) sacral
c.) brachial
A cortex is found on the surface of both the a.) pons and medullar oblongata b.) cerebral hemispheres and pons c.) cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres d.) pons and cerebellum e.) cerebellum and medulla oblongata
c.) cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres
During sympathetic activation, which of the following would not occur a.) elevated blood pressure b.) increased sweating c.) constriction of pupil d.) elevated blood glucose e.) elevated heart rate
c.) constriction of pupil
Spinal nerves: a.) only carry information unidirectionally b.) contain only motor fibers c.) contain both sensory and motor d.) contain interneurons e.) contain only sensory fibers
c.) contain both sensory and motor
The tough, fibrous, outermost covering of the spinal cord is the a.) pia mater b.) periosteum c.) dura mater d.) epidural space e.) arachnoid mater
c.) dura mater
___________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal a.) microglia b.) oligodendrocytes c.) ependymal cells d.) satellite cells e.) astrocytes
c.) ependymal cells
A patient develops a tumor of a cranial nerve that leads to difficulty in speaking from a loss of tongue movement. Which cranial nerve is affected? a.) spinal accessory b.) trigeminal c.) hypoglossal d.) glossopharyngeal e.) vagus
c.) hypoglossal
Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called a.) satellite cells b.) oligodendrocytes c.) microglia d.) ependymal cells e.) astrocytes
c.) microglia
If a person has a crush injury to the C3-C5 spinal segments, you would expect that he a.) would be in a coma b.) would have full range of motion in all extremities c.) might be unable to breathe on his own d.) could walk without difficulty e.) would exhibit none of the above
c.) might be unable to breathe on his own
What is the function of the structure labeled "7" a.) vision b.) auditory c.) olfaction d.) eye movement e.) taste
c.) olfaction
The ____________ of each spinal nerve innervates the skin and muscles of the back a.) dermatome b.) gray ramus communicans c.) posterior ramus d.) white ramus communicans e.) anterior ramus
c.) posterior ramus
Each of the following nerves originates in the lumbar plexus except the ___________ nerve a.) obturator b.) femoral c.) sciatic d.) saphenous e.) genitofemoral
c.) sciatic
A posterior and anterior root of each spinal segment unite to form a a.) cervical enlargement b.) spinal meninx c.) spinal nerve d.) spinal ganglion e.) lumbar enlargment
c.) spinal nerve
After suffering a blow to the back of the head, phil loses his vision. The blow probably caused damage to the a.) broca's area b.) wernicke's area c.) visual cortex d.) postcentral gyrus e.) prefrontal cortex
c.) visual cortex
In an adult, the conus medullaris is found at about a.) Co1 b.) L5 c.) T6 d.) L1 e.) T10
d.) L1
Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic neurons are present in all of the following cranial nerves except a.) X b.) IX c.) VII d.) XII e.) III
d.) XII
The axon is connected to the cell body at the a.) synapse b.) synaptic knobs c.) collateral branches d.) axon hillock e.) telodendria
d.) axon hillock
The posterior root ganglia mainly contain a.) cell bodies of motor neurons b.) synapses c.) axons of sensory neurons d.) cell bodies of sensory neurons e.) axons of motor neurons
d.) cell bodies of sensory neurons
An action potential traveling along the entire length of an axon demonstrates ____________ propagation. a.) saltatory b.) graded c.) degraded d.) continuous e.) relative
d.) continuous
___________ is the term used to describe the crossing over of a tract to the side of the nervous system opposite to where the axons originate a.) relaying b.) descending c.) ascending d.) decussation e.) coordinating
d.) decussation
The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state(s)? a.) exertion b.) stress c.) trauma d.) digestion e.) all of the answers are correct
d.) digestion
In the peripheral nervous system, schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves by a.) clearing away cellular debris b.) producing more satellite cells that fuse to form new axons c.) producing new axons d.) forming a cellular cord that directs axonal regrowth e.) regenerating cell bodies for the neurons
d.) forming a cellular cord that directs axonal regrowth
Parasympathetic stimulation a.) causes sweat glands to secrete b.) increases heart rate c.) causes blood vessels in the skin to dilate d.) increases gastric motility e.) causes the pupils to dilate
d.) increases gastric motility
The white matter of the spinal cord is mainly a.) schwann cells b.) neuroglia c.) unmyelinated axons d.) myelinated axons e.) nodes of ranvier
d.) myelinated axons
A complex, interwoven network of nerves is called a a.) spinal plexus b.) ramus c.) spinal cord d.) nerve plexus e.) nerve ganglion
d.) nerve plexus
What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? a.) falx cerebri b.) pia mater c.) dural sinus d.) subarachnoid space e.) subdural space
d.) subarachnoid space
Reflexes can be classified according to all of the following, except a.) where they are initiated b.) where information processing occurs c.) the complexity of the neural circuit d.) whether they are sensory or motor e.) the motor response
d.) whether they are sensory or motor
Where do somatic motor neurons reside? a.) 10 b.) 12 c.) 13 d.) 14 e.) 15
e.) 15
Identify the structure labeled "10" a.) anterior white commissure b.) anterior white horn c.) anterior median fissure d.) anterior white column e.) anterior gray commissure
e.) anterior gray commissure
Which of the following would lead to increased heart rate a.) decreased parasympathetic input b.) decreased sympathetic input c.) increased sympathetic input d.) increased parasympathetic input e.) both increased sympathetic input and decreased parasympathetic input
e.) both increased sympathetic input and decreased parasympathetic input
At a(n) ____________ synapse, a neurotransmitter is released to stimulate the postsynaptic membrane. a.) ionic b.) electrochemical c.) charged d.) electrical e.) chemical
e.) chemical
Autonomic motor neurons a.) cause general excitation b.) cause general relaxation c.) conduct impulses from sensory receptors d.) conduct impulses to skeletal muscles e.) conduct impulses to smooth and cardiac muscles and glands
e.) conduct impulses to smooth and cardiac muscles and glands
The epidural space contains a.) blood b.) denticulate ligaments' c.) lymph d.) connective tissue and blood vessels e.) cerebrospinal fluid
e.) connective tissue and blood vessels
Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system a.) control peripheral effectors b.) coordinate voluntary and involuntary activities c.) sense the internal and external environments d.) integrate sensory information e.) direct long-term functions, such as growth
e.) direct long-term functions, such as growth
The ____________ is a strand of fibrous tissue that provides longitudinal support as a component of the coccygeal ligament. a.) dorsal root b.) conus medullaris c.) cauda equina d.) ventral root e.) filum terminale
e.) filum terminale
Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains. a.) the same size b.) very smooth c.) smaller d.) more convoluted e.) larger
e.) larger
Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the a.) anterior gray horns of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord b.) lateral gray horns of T1 to S2 of the spinal cord c.) anterior gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord d.) lateral gray horns of the cervical cord e.) lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord
e.) lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord
After suffering a stroke, Mary finds that she cannot move her right arm. This would suggest that the stroke damage is in the area of the ________ lobe. a.) left temporal b.) occipital c.) right frontal d.) right temporal e.) left frontal
e.) left frontal
Extensive damage to oligodendrocytes in the CNS could result in a.) loss of the structural framework of the brain b.) inability to produce scar tissue at the site of an injury c.) decreased production of cerebrospinal fluid d.) a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier e.) loss of sensation and motor control
e.) loss of sensation and motor control
Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia? a.) maintenance of blood-brain barrier b.) secretion of cerebrospinal fluid c.) phagocytosis d.) support e.) memory
e.) memory
Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called a.) microglia b.) neurofilaments c.) neurofibrils d.) perikaryon e.) nissl bodies
e.) nissl bodies
The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by a.) ependymal cells b.) astrocytes c.) microglia d.) satellite cells e.) oligodendrocytes
e.) oligodendrocytes
The __________ division of the autonomic nervous system is known as the "rest and digest" division a.) somatomotor b.) visceral c.) sympathetic d.) thoracolumbar e.) parasympathetic
e.) parasympathetic
the cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron is called the a.) sarcoplasm b.) neuroplasm c.) nucleoplasm d.) protoplasm e.) perikaryon
e.) perikaryon
A(n) ____________ reflex has at least one interneuron placed between the sensory and motor neurons a.) motor b.) integrative c.) sensory d.) monosynaptic e.) polysynaptic
e.) polysynaptic
Your uncle was just diagnosed with a heart attack. One of his major symptoms is left arm pain. You are not surprised because you are familiar with the phenomenon of ________ pain. a.) psychogenic b.) phantom c.) somatic d.) neurogenic e.) referred
e.) referred
The posterior horns of the spinal cord contain mainly a.) nerve tracts b.) sympathetic nuclei c.) autonomic motor nuclei d.) somatic motor nuclei e.) sensory nuclei
e.) sensory nuclei
The _____________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles a.) sympathetic b.) parasympathetic c.) afferent d.) autonomic e.) somatic
e.) somatic
Identify the structure labeled "6" a.) ventral root b.) posterior root ganglion c.) autonomic nerve d.) rami communicantes e.) sympathetic ganglion
e.) sympathetic ganglion?
The site of intercellular communication between neurons is the a.) synaptic knob b.) telodendria c.) collateral branch d.) hillock e.) synapse
e.) synapse
The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the a.) abducens b.) facial c.) glossopharyngeal d.) vagus e.) trigeminal
e.) trigeminal
The roman numeral V indicates the __________ nerve a.) oculomotor b.) abduces c.) trochlear d.) vestibulocochlear e.) trigeminal
e.) trigeminal
The statement "It controls the diameter of the pupil" is a.) true only for the sympathetic nervous system b.) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system c.) true only for the somatic nervous system d.) not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems e.) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.
e.) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems
The statement "its ganglia are usually near or within the end organ" is a.) true only for the sympathetic nervous system b.) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems c.) true only for the somatic nervous system d.) not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems e.) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system
e.) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system
Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted a.) length of the axon b.) presence or absence of a myelin sheath c.) presence or absence of nodes d.) diameter of the axon e.) whether or not the impulse begins in the CNS
e.) whether or not the impulse begins in the CNS
