Exam 2 Nutrition
Intestinal bacteria produce gases when they metabolize fiber.
True
T/F: Plants use glucose to make fiber and starch.
True
Tertiary structure is a protein's final three-dimensional form.
True
Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons?
crab
functions of carbs
energy and hold cells together
difference between nonnutritive and nutritive sucrose
energy and non are more intense
Which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
exercising daily
A saturated fatty acid has one double bond within its hydrocarbon chain.
false
Sucrose supplies more energy, gram per gram, than starch.
false
The omega end of a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule.
false
What is lactose made of?
galactose and glucose
In the human intestinal tract, cooked rice is broken down into ________ molecules that can be absorbed.
glucose
blood sugar
glucose
What is sucrose made of?
glucose and fructose
what is maltose made of
glucose and glucose
When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as
glycogen
storage form of glucose in human stored in liver and skeletal muscle
glycogen
________ is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules.
glycogenesis
Julian ate a baked potato at dinner; the starch in the baked potato will begin to digest
in the mouth
Betty is constipated; she has bowel movements only 2x/wk. To help relieve her constipation, Betty should
increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber.
All the following hormones promote catabolic pathways EXCEPT ________.
insulin
milk sugar
lactose
Dana wants to reduce her blood cholesterol level by eating ________.
less beef
________ acid is an essential fatty acid.
linoleic
the enzyme ________ is necessary for digesting the disaccharide that contains two molecules of glucose.
maltase
malt sugar
maltose
examples of soluble fiber
oats, apples, carrots
felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat; she should use _____
olive oil
Bill recorded his food intake for a week and his average fat intake was ________%, which is within the AMDR.
25
Amanda consumes approximately 2500 kcal/day; she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ________ kcal/day.
250
Carmen is allergic to peanuts and is accidentally exposed. She rapidly develops _______.
Anaphylaxis
______ contains phenylalanine and aspartic acid
Aspartame
A/an ________ amino acid is one that is normally nonessential, but becomes essential under certain conditions.
Conditionally essential
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone that increases satiety.
False
T/F: Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when the blood glucose level is too high.
False
Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?
Fat-free milk
________ is the study of how nutrients affect the expression of a person's genome.
Nutrigenomics
During beta-oxidation, fatty acids are broken down into two-carbon molecules that are converted into ________.
acetyl coA
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines, healthy adults should consume ________.
as little cholesterol as possible
if you are PKU you should avoid
aspartame
The liver recycles bile salts to make new
bile
Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because he has ________.
chronic high blood pressure
Lactose is formed from glucose and galactose through a ________ reaction.
condensation
______ need sunlight,. co2, and water to make carbs
plants
Which of the following foods is a source of cholesterol?
pork steak
Jacob is a healthy 14-yr-old; he began a growth spurt. His body is in ________ nitrogen balance.
positive
The sweetener found in Sweet'N Low is
saccharin
two types of carbs
simple and complex
Storage form of glucose in plants
starch
Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?
sucrose
table sugar
sucrose
The ________ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.
thyroid
Consuming excessive amounts of carbohydrates can lead to increased accumulation of body fat.
true
If Kara's body weight is 120 pounds, her RDA for protein is approximately 44 g.
true
Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids
true
Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's ________.
DNA
T/F; Refined carbs do not satisfy hunger as well as proteins/fats, which may lead to overconsumption of calories.
True
________ acid is an omega-6 fatty acid.
linoleic
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines, which of the following substances is a nutrient of public health concern?
dietary fiber
Plant sterols and stannous are structurally similar to cholesterol; they can interfere with cholesterol absorption.
true
Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water.
true
Subcutaneous fat does not stimulate red blood cell production.
true
Which type of diabetes is most common in the United States?
type 2 diabetes
examples of insoluble fiber
whole wheats, bran, nuts