Exam 2 Nutrition

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Intestinal bacteria produce gases when they metabolize fiber.

True

T/F: Plants use glucose to make fiber and starch.

True

Tertiary structure is a protein's final three-dimensional form.

True

Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons?

crab

functions of carbs

energy and hold cells together

difference between nonnutritive and nutritive sucrose

energy and non are more intense

Which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

exercising daily

A saturated fatty acid has one double bond within its hydrocarbon chain.

false

Sucrose supplies more energy, gram per gram, than starch.

false

The omega end of a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule.

false

What is lactose made of?

galactose and glucose

In the human intestinal tract, cooked rice is broken down into ________ molecules that can be absorbed.

glucose

blood sugar

glucose

What is sucrose made of?

glucose and fructose

what is maltose made of

glucose and glucose

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as

glycogen

storage form of glucose in human stored in liver and skeletal muscle

glycogen

________ is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules.

glycogenesis

Julian ate a baked potato at dinner; the starch in the baked potato will begin to digest

in the mouth

Betty is constipated; she has bowel movements only 2x/wk. To help relieve her constipation, Betty should

increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber.

All the following hormones promote catabolic pathways EXCEPT ________.

insulin

milk sugar

lactose

Dana wants to reduce her blood cholesterol level by eating ________.

less beef

________ acid is an essential fatty acid.

linoleic

the enzyme ________ is necessary for digesting the disaccharide that contains two molecules of glucose.

maltase

malt sugar

maltose

examples of soluble fiber

oats, apples, carrots

felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat; she should use _____

olive oil

Bill recorded his food intake for a week and his average fat intake was ________%, which is within the AMDR.

25

Amanda consumes approximately 2500 kcal/day; she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ________ kcal/day.

250

Carmen is allergic to peanuts and is accidentally exposed. She rapidly develops _______.

Anaphylaxis

______ contains phenylalanine and aspartic acid

Aspartame

A/an ________ amino acid is one that is normally nonessential, but becomes essential under certain conditions.

Conditionally essential

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone that increases satiety.

False

T/F: Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when the blood glucose level is too high.

False

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

Fat-free milk

________ is the study of how nutrients affect the expression of a person's genome.

Nutrigenomics

During beta-oxidation, fatty acids are broken down into two-carbon molecules that are converted into ________.

acetyl coA

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines, healthy adults should consume ________.

as little cholesterol as possible

if you are PKU you should avoid

aspartame

The liver recycles bile salts to make new

bile

Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because he has ________.

chronic high blood pressure

Lactose is formed from glucose and galactose through a ________ reaction.

condensation

______ need sunlight,. co2, and water to make carbs

plants

Which of the following foods is a source of cholesterol?

pork steak

Jacob is a healthy 14-yr-old; he began a growth spurt. His body is in ________ nitrogen balance.

positive

The sweetener found in Sweet'N Low is

saccharin

two types of carbs

simple and complex

Storage form of glucose in plants

starch

Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?

sucrose

table sugar

sucrose

The ________ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

thyroid

Consuming excessive amounts of carbohydrates can lead to increased accumulation of body fat.

true

If Kara's body weight is 120 pounds, her RDA for protein is approximately 44 g.

true

Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids

true

Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's ________.

DNA

T/F; Refined carbs do not satisfy hunger as well as proteins/fats, which may lead to overconsumption of calories.

True

________ acid is an omega-6 fatty acid.

linoleic

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines, which of the following substances is a nutrient of public health concern?

dietary fiber

Plant sterols and stannous are structurally similar to cholesterol; they can interfere with cholesterol absorption.

true

Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water.

true

Subcutaneous fat does not stimulate red blood cell production.

true

Which type of diabetes is most common in the United States?

type 2 diabetes

examples of insoluble fiber

whole wheats, bran, nuts


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