Exam 2

When the arrector pili muscles contract, hairs are shed. the skin changes color. "goose bumps" are formed. shivering occurs. sweat is released from sweat glands.

"goose bumps" are formed.

Place the layers of the epidermis (thick skin) in order from deep to superficial. Stratum basale Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum lucidum Stratum corneum 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 2, 3, 1, 4, 5 1, 4, 3, 2, 5 1, 3, 2, 4, 5

1, 3, 2, 4, 5

Glands of the skin... include sebaceous glands that produce and secrete sebum into a hair follicle. include eccrine sudoriferous glands that produce "regular" thermoregulatory sweat. include apocrine sudoriferous glands that are endocrine glands. Both A & B are correct. These are all correct

Both A & B are correct.

Which of the following help the skin serve the function of protection? Hair and nails Sebum production The fact that the epidermis is a simple squamous tissue. Both A & B are correct. These are all correct.

Both A & B are correct.

Two solutions are separated by a cell membrane. Side A contains 1000 total solute particles. Side B contains 1500 total solute particles. Select the correct statement. Side A is hypertonic. Side B is hypertonic. Water would diffuse from side B to side A. Both A & C are correct. Both B & C are correct.

Both B & C are correct.

Chromosomes consist of ________ and ________. RNA; proteins RNA; carbohydrates water; RNA DNA; proteins DNA; lipids

DNA; proteins

Of the following tissues, which has the poorest ability to regenerate after injury? Skeletal muscle Bone tissue Stratified squamous epithelium Smooth muscle Dense irregular connective tissue

Dense irregular connective tissue

Which of the following would pass through a membrane by simple diffusion? Sodium ions Potassium ions Estrogen Glucose

Estrogen

What is the end result of translation? Formation of mRNA Formation of tRNA Formation of a polypeptide DNA replication

Formation of a polypeptide

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer. Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing. Most tumors that arise on the skin are malignant. Basal cell carcinomas are the least common but most malignant. Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum.

Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.

Select the incorrect statement regarding phospholipids in a cell membrane. Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads. Phospholipids have hydrophobic tails. Phospholipids have nonpolar heads. Phospholipids are amphipathic.

Phospholipids have nonpolar heads.

________ epithelium is found in the inside lining of the mouth. Simple cuboidal Simple squamous Stratified squamous Simple columnar Pseudostratified columnar

Stratified squamous

Select the incorrect statement. Ribosomes are active in translation. Translation occurs in the nucleus. Transcription is the process of producing mRNA from DNA. The end result of translation is the production of a polypeptide. None of these are incorrect.

Translation occurs in the nucleus.

Osmosis is a passive transport method. True False

True

A process that requires cellular energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called diffusion. active transport. facilitated transport. osmosis. passive transport.

active transport

During mitosis, chromatids separate from the equator into daughter chromosomes during metaphase. interphase. telophase. prophase. Anaphase.

anaphase

All of the following are true of neurons except that they lack centrioles and cannot divide. conduct a nervous impulse. are a very specialized form of connective tissue. are the longest cells in the body. are composed of dendrites, a cell body, and an axon

are a very specialized form of connective tissue.

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to neural tissue. fat. Bone. blood. Epithelium.

bone

What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn? oss of immune function catastrophic fluid loss infection unbearable pain

catastrophic fluid loss

Which type of membrane proteins must be integral? Receptors Enzymes Channels Cell recognition proteins

channels

The largest and thickest connective tissue fibers are... reticular fibers. collagen fibers. elastic fibers

collagen fibers

Endocrine glands are referred to as ________ glands, while exocrine gland secretions empty into ________ or onto surfaces. ducted; interstitial fluid ductless; ducts ducts; ducted; interstitial fluid cells; cellular; interstitial fluid ducted; cells

ductless; ducts

The process by which molecules such as glucose are moved into cells along their concentration gradient with the help of membrane-bound carrier proteins is called exocytosis. active transport. facilitated diffusion. osmosis. endocytosis.

facilitated diffusion.

Dark-skinned humans have more melanocytes in their epidermis than do light-skinned humans. True False

false

The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) is considered the deepest layer of the skin. True False

false

Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen? adipocytes Fibroblasts lymphocytes macrophages mast cells

fibroblasts

____________ is a cell junction that allows water and small solutes to pass between cells. Tight junction Desmosome Gap junction Open junction

gap junction

Crenation (shrinking) is likely to occur in blood cells immersed in ________. an isotonic solution a hypertonic solution a hypotonic solution blood plasma

hypertonic solution

Elastic cartilage is found in the ear. between vertebrae. in the nose. in the knee joint. in the ribcage.

in the ear

The stage in a cell's life cycle in which the cell performs its normal functions and prepares for division is called telophase. interphase. metaphase. prophase. anaphase.

interphase

Merocrine secretion.... involves destruction of the entire cell. involves secretory vesicles expelled by exocytosis. involves the loss of the apical portion of the cell along with secretory vesicles.

involves secretory vesicles expelled by exocytosis.

Mitosis _____. is always a part of the cell cycle is division of the nucleus is the formation of sex cells creates diversity in genetic potential

is the division of the nucleus

All of the following are characteristics of the epidermis except that it is self-repairing. is flexible. serves as UV radiation protection. is multilayered. is vascularized.

is vascularized.

Which cell type found in areolar tissue releases histamine to cause an inflammatory response? Fibrocyte Mast cell Macrophage Adipocyte

mast cell

Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein? forms a lipid bilayer circulating antibody oxygen transport molecular transport through the membrane

molecular transport through the membrane

During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is least likely in the region of the injury? increase in blood flow increase in histamine swelling pale, cold skin increase in phagocytes

pale, cold skin

The fluid "ground substance" of blood is the... intracellular fluid. interstitial fluid. Plasma. Lymph.

plasma

These are all correct All of the following are true of perspiration produced by eccrine sweat glands, except that it... helps to prevent bacteria from colonizing the skin. contains electrolytes and waste products. helps cool the body when it evaporates. is more than 99 percent water. produces the body odor characteristic of "sweating."

produces the body odor characteristic of "sweating."

Cell membranes are said to be actively permeable. freely permeable. impermeable. selectively permeable. None of the answers are correct.

selectively permeable

The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of synovial membranes. mucous membranes. serous membranes. cutaneous membranes.

serous membranes.

he muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle. skeletal multinucleated Smooth voluntary Cardiac

smooth

The layer of dividing cells at the base of the epidermis is the stratum lucidum. stratum spinosum. stratum corneum. stratum basale. stratum granulosum.

stratum basale

Pseudostratified columnar Functions of epithelia include all of the following except producing specialized secretions. absorption. supporting muscle cells. providing physical protection. controlling permeability.

supporting muscle cells

Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except excretion of salts and wastes. synthesis of vitamin C. protection of underlying tissue. provision of sensation. maintenance of body temperature.

synthesis of vitamin C.

The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome for protein formation is ________. rRNA ssRNA mRNA tRNA

tRNA

The eyebrows, eye lashes and hair on the head are all examples of __________ hair. Vellus Terminal Adult Laguno

terminal

The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the cleavage lines in the skin? the reticular layer the subcutaneous layer the papillary layer the hypodermal layer

the reticular layer

The process of protein formation directed by mRNA and tRNA is called translation. replication. auscultation. transcription. mitosis.

translation.

Epithelial tissue are avascular but regenerate well. True False

true