exam 3
2. The patient reports to the nurse of being afraid to speak up regarding a desire to end care for fear of upsetting spouse and children. Which principle in the nursing code of ethics ensures that the nurse will promote the patient's cause? a. Advocacy b. Responsibility c. Confidentiality d. Accountability
A
22. A previously toilet trained toddler has started wetting again. A nurse is gathering a health history from the grandparent. Which health history finding will the nurse most likely consider as the cause of the wetting? a. Dietary changes b. Recent parental death c. Playmate moved away d. Sibling was sick 2 days
B
1. A nurse encounters a family who experienced the death of their adult child last year. The parents are talking about the upcoming anniversary of their child's death. The nurse spends time with them discussing their child's life and death. Which nursing principle does the nurse's action best demonstrate? a. Facilitation of normal mourning b. Pain-management technique c. Grief evaluation d. Palliative care
A
1. A nurse is teaching about the goals of Healthy People 2020. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? a. Eliminate health disparities in America. b. Eliminate health behaviors in America. c. Eliminate quality of life in America. d. Eliminate healthy life in America.
A
1. Four patients in labor all request epidural analgesia to manage their pain at the same time. Which ethical principle is most compromised when only one nurse anesthetist is on call? a. Justice b. Fidelity c. Beneficence d. Nonmaleficence
A
10. The nurse is working in a clinic that is designed to provide health education and immunizations. Which type of preventive care is the nurse providing? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Risk factor prevention
A
11. A patient with sepsis as a result of long-term leukemia dies 25 hours after admission to the hospital. A full code was conducted without success. The patient had a urinary catheter, an intravenous line, an oxygen cannula, and a nasogastric tube. Which question is the priority for the nurse to ask the family before beginning postmortem care? a. "Is an autopsy going to be done?" b. "Which funeral home do you want to use?" c. "Would you like to assist in bathing your loved one?" d.
A
12. A patient has had two family members die during the past 2 days. Which coping strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to suggest to the patient? a. Writing in a journal b. Drinking alcohol to go to sleep c. Exercising vigorously rather than sleeping d. Avoiding talking with friends and family members
A
14. Which action by the nurse indicates a safe and efficient use of social networks? a. Promotes support for a local health charity b. Posts a picture of a patient's infected foot c. Vents about a patient problem at work d. Friends a patient
A
15. The mother of a child who died recently keeps the child's room intact. Family members are encouraging her to redecorate and move forward in life. Which type of grief will the home health nurse recognize the mother is experiencing? a. Normal b. End-of-life c. Abnormal d. Complicated
A
15. The nurse is working in a drug rehabilitation clinic and is in the process of admitting a patient for "detox." What should the nurse do next? a. Identify the patient's stage of change. b. Realize that the patient is ready to change. c. Teach the patient that choices will have to change. d. Instruct the patient that relapses will not be tolerated.
A
17. A nurse is caring for a dying patient. When is the best time for the nurse to discuss end-of-life care? a. During assessment b. During planning c. During implementation d. During evaluation
A
18. A nurse is providing postmortem care. Which action will the nurse take? a. Leave dentures in the mouth. b. Lower the head of the bed. c. Cover the body with a sterile sheet. d. Remove all tubes for an autopsy.
A
19. A patient has had emphysema (lung disease) for many years. When approached by the nurse, the patient states "I would be better off dead." The patient supports the family, and now because of oxygen dependency the patient must quit work. The patient's spouse will have to go to work. Which action should the nurse take? a. Develop a plan of care for the family. b. Contact psychiatric services for a referral. c. Assure the patient that things will work out. d. Focus the plan of care solely
A
3. A 17-year-old patient, dying of heart failure, wants to have organs removed for transplantation after death. Which action by the nurse is correct? a. Instruct the patient to talk with parents about the desire to donate organs. b. Notify the health care provider about the patient's desire to donate organs. c. Prepare the organ donation form for the patient to sign while still oriented. d. Contact the United Network for Organ Sharing after talking with the patient.
A
4. The nurse is preparing a smoking cessation class for family members of patients with lung cancer. The nurse believes that the class will convert many smokers to nonsmokers once they realize the benefits of not smoking. Which health care model is the nurse following? a. Health belief model b. Holistic health model c. Health promotion model d. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
A
5. A nurse performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a 92-year-old with brittle bones and breaks a rib during the procedure, which then punctures a lung. The patient recovers completely without any residual problems and sues the nurse for pain and suffering and for malpractice. Which key point will the prosecution attempt to prove against the nurse? a. The CPR procedure was done incorrectly. b. The patient would have died if nothing was done. c. The patient was resuscitated according to th
A
7. A nurse is assessing internal variables that are affecting the patient's health status. Which area should the nurse assess? a. Perception of functioning b. Socioeconomic factors c. Cultural background d. Family practices
A
7. The nurse finds it difficult to care for a patient whose advance directive states that no extraordinary resuscitation measures should be taken. Which step may help the nurse to find resolution in this assignment? a. Scrutinize personal values. b. Call for an ethical committee consult. c. Decline the assignment on religious grounds. d. Convince the family to challenge the directive.
A
9. A home health nurse notices that a patient's preschool children are often playing on the sidewalk and in the street unsupervised and repeatedly takes them back to the home and talks with the patient, but the situation continues. Which immediate action by the nurse is mandated by law? a. Contact the appropriate community child protection facility. b. Tell the parents that the authorities will be contacted shortly. c. Take pictures of the children to support the overt child abuse. d. Discuss
A
2. The nurse hears a health care provider say to the charge nurse that a certain nurse cannot care for patients because the nurse is stupid and won't follow orders. The health care provider also writes in the patient's medical records that the same nurse, by name, is not to care for any of the patients because of incompetence. Which torts has the health care provider committed? (Select all that apply.) a. Libel b. Slander c. Assault d. Battery e. Invasion of privacy
A B
2. A nurse meets the following goals: helps a patient maintain health and helps a patient with an illness. Which factors assist the nurse in achieving these goals? (Select all that apply.) a. Understands the challenges of today's health care system b. Identifies actual and potential risk factors c. Has coined the term "illness behavior" d. Minimizes the effects of illnesses e. Experiences compassion fatigue
A B D
3. A patient has approximately 6 months to live and asks about a do not resuscitate (DNR) order. Which statements by the nurse give the patient correct information? (Select all that apply.) a. "You will be resuscitated unless there is a DNR order in the chart." b. "If you want certain procedures or actions taken or not taken, and you might not be able to tell anyone at the time, you need to complete documents ahead of time that give your health care provider this information." c. "You
A B D
1. A nurse is a member of the ethics committee. Which purposes will the nurse fulfill in this committee? (Select all that apply.) a. Education b. Case consultation c. Purchasing power d. Direct patient care e. Policy recommendation
A B E
1. The nurse calculates the medication dose for an infant on the pediatric unit and determines that the dose is twice what it should be based upon the drug book's information. The pediatrician is contacted and says to administer the medication as ordered. Which actions should the nurse take next? (Select all that apply.) a. Notify the nursing supervisor. b. Administer the medication as ordered. c. Give the amount listed in the drug book. d. Ask the mother to give the drug to her child. e. Chec
A E
10. A veteran is hospitalized after surgical amputation of both lower extremities owing to injuries sustained during military service. Which type of loss will the nurse focus the plan of care on for this patient? a. Perceived loss b. Situational loss c. Maturational loss d. Uncomplicated loss
B
11. The nurse has become aware of missing narcotics in the patient care area. Which ethical principle obligates the nurse to report the missing medications? a. Advocacy b. Responsibility c. Confidentiality d. Accountability
B
11. The patient is admitted to the emergency department of the local hospital from home with reports of chest discomfort and shortness of breath. The patient is placed on oxygen, has labs and blood gases drawn, and is given an electrocardiogram and breathing treatments. Which level of preventive care is this patient receiving? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion
B
12. Conjoined twins are in the neonatal department of the community hospital until transfer to the closest medical center. A photographer from the local newspaper gets off the elevator on the neonatal floor and wants to take pictures of the infants. Which initial action should the nurse take? a. Escort the cameraman to the neonatal unit while a few pictures are taken quietly. b. Tell the cameraman where the hospital's public relations department is located. c. Have the cameraman wait for permi
B
13. A nursing student has been written up several times for being late with providing patient care and for omitting aspects of patient care and not knowing basic procedures that were taught in the skills course one term earlier. The nursing student says, "I don't understand what the big deal is. As my instructor, you are there to protect me and make sure I don't make mistakes." What is the best response from the nursing instructor? a. "You are practicing under the license of the hospit
B
13. Upon completing a history, the nurse finds that a patient has risk factors for lung disease. How should the nurse interpret this finding? a. A person with the risk factor will get the disease. b. The chances of getting the disease are increased. c. Risk modification will have no effect on disease prevention. d. The disease is guaranteed not to develop if the risk factor is controlled.
B
14. A nurse works full time on the oncology unit at the hospital and works part time on weekends giving immunizations at the local pharmacy. While giving an injection on a weekend, the nurse caused injury to the patient's arm and is now being sued. How will the hospital's malpractice insurance provide coverage for this nurse? a. It will provide coverage as long as the nurse followed all procedures, protocols, and policies correctly. b. The hospital's malpractice insurance covers this nurse
B
16. A female patient has been overweight for most of her life. She has tried dieting in the past and has lost weight, only to regain it when she stopped dieting. The patient is visiting the weight loss clinic/health club because she has decided to do it. She states that she will join right after the holidays, in 3 months. Which stage is the patient displaying? a. Precontemplation b. Contemplation c. Preparation d. Action
B
16. During a severe respiratory epidemic, the local health care organizations decide to give health care workers priority access to ventilators over other members of the community who also need that resource. Which philosophy would give the strongest support for this decision? a. Deontology b. Utilitarianism c. Ethics of care d. Feminist ethics
B
17. A nurse is teaching a patient and family about quality of life. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session about quality of life? a. It is deeply social. b. It is hard to define. c. It is an observed measurement for most people. d. It is consistent and stable over the course of one's lifetime.
B
17. Upon completion of the assessment, the nurse finds that the patient has quit drinking and has been alcohol free for the past 2 years. Which stage best describes the nurse's assessment finding? a. Contemplation b. Maintenance c. Preparation d. Action
B
18. The patient had a colostomy placed 1 week ago. When approached by the nurse, the patient and spouse refuse to talk about it and refuse to be taught about how to care for it. How will the nurse evaluate this couple's stage of adjustment? a. Shock b. Withdrawal c. Acceptance d. Rehabilitation
B
2. A new nurse notes that the health care unit keeps a listing of patient names in a closed book behind the front desk of the nursing station so patients can be located easily. Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to take? a. Talk with the nurse manager about the listing being a violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). b. Use the book as needed while keeping it away from individuals not involved in patient care. c. Move the book to the upper ledge o
B
21. During a follow-up visit, a female patient is describing new onset of marital discord with her terminally ill spouse to the hospice nurse. Which Kübler-Ross stage of dying is the patient experiencing? a. Denial b. Anger c. Bargaining d. Depression
B
3. A nurse is using the World Health Organization definition of health to provide care. Which area will the nurse focus on while providing care? a. Making sure the patients are disease free b. Making sure to involve the whole person c. Making sure care is strictly personal in nature d. Making sure to focus only on the pathological state
B
4. When professionals work together to solve ethical dilemmas, nurses must examine their own values. What is the best rationale for this step? a. So fact is separated from opinion b. So different perspectives are respected c. So judgmental attitudes can be provoked d. So the group identifies the one correct solution
B
5. A nurse is experiencing an ethical dilemma with a patient. Which information indicates the nurse has a correct understanding of the primary cause of ethical dilemmas? a. Unequal power b. Presence of conflicting values c. Judgmental perceptions of patients d. Poor communication with the patient
B
5. A nurse is using Maslow's hierarchy to prioritize care for an anxious patient that is not eating and will not see family members. Which area should the nurse address first? a. Anxiety b. Not eating c. Mental health d. Not seeing family members
B
6. A recent immigrant who does not speak English is alert and requires hospitalization. What is the initial action that the nurse must take to enable informed consent to be obtained? a. Ask a family member to translate what the nurse is saying. b. Request an official interpreter to explain the terms of consent. c. Notify the nursing manager that the patient doesn't speak English. d. Use hand gestures and medical equipment while explaining in English.
B
6. The nurse questions a health care provider's decision to not tell the patient about a cancer diagnosis. Which ethical principle is the nurse trying to uphold for the patient? a. Consequentialism b. Autonomy c. Fidelity d. Justice
B
6. The patient is reporting moderate incisional pain that was not relieved by the last dose of pain medication. The patient is not due for another dose of medication for another 2 1/2 hours. The nurse repositions the patient, asks what type of music the patient likes, and sets the television to the channel playing that type of music. Which health care model is the nurse using? a. Health belief model b. Holistic health model c. Health promotion model d. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
B
7. A nursing assistive personnel (NAP) is caring for a dying patient. Which action by the NAP will cause the nurse to intervene? a. Elevating head of bed b. Making the patient eat c. Giving mouth care every 2 to 4 hours d. Keeping skin clean, dry, and moisturized
B
7. A pediatric oncology nurse floats to an orthopedic trauma unit. Which action should the nurse manager of the orthopedic unit take to enable safe care to be given by this nurse? a. Provide a complete orientation to the functioning of the entire unit. b. Determine patient acuity and care the nurse can safely provide. c. Allow the nurse to choose which mealtime works best. d. Assign nursing assistive personnel to assist with care.
B
8. An Orthodox Jewish rabbi has been pronounced dead. The nursing assistive personnel respectfully ask family members to leave the room and go home as postmortem care is provided. Which statement from the supervising nurse is best? a. "I should have called a male colleague to handle the body." b. "Family members stay with the body until burial the next day." c. "I wish they would go home because we have work to do here." d. "Family will quietly leave after praying and touching the
B
8. The nurse is admitting a patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. It is the fourth time the patient is being admitted in the last 6 months for high blood sugars. During the admission process, the nurse asks the patient about employment status and displays a nonjudgmental attitude. What is the rationale for the nurse's actions? a. External variables have little effect on compliance. b. A person's compliance is affected by economic status. c. Employment status is an internal variable th
B
8. While recovering from a severe illness, a hospitalized patient wants to change a living will, which was signed 9 months ago. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "Check with your admitting health care provider whether a copy is on your chart." b. "Let me check with someone here in the hospital who can assist you." c. "You are not allowed to ever change a living will after signing it." d. "Your living will can be changed only once each calendar year."
B
4. A nurse is teaching the staff about professional negligence or malpractice. Which criteria to establish negligence will the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) a. Injury did not occur. b. That duty was breached. c. Nurse carried out the duty. d. Duty of care was owed to the patient. e. Patient understands benefits and risks of a procedure.
B D
1. A nurse is documenting end-of-life care. Which information will the nurse include in the patient's electronic medical record? (Select all that apply.) a. Reason for the death b. Time and date of death c. How ethically the family grieved d. Location of body identification tags e. Time of body transfer and destination
B D E
10. A confused patient with a urinary catheter, nasogastric tube, and intravenous line keeps touching these needed items for care. The nurse has tried to explain to the patient that these lines should not be touched, but the patient continues. Which is the best action by the nurse at this time? a. Apply restraints loosely on the patient's dominant wrist. b. Notify the health care provider that restraints are needed immediately. c. Try other approaches to prevent the patient from touching these
C
10. A nurse agrees with regulations for mandatory immunizations of children. The nurse believes that immunizations prevent diseases as well as prevent spread of the disease to others. Which ethical framework is the nurse using? a. Deontology b. Ethics of care c. Utilitarianism d. Feminist ethics
C
11. "I know it seems strange, but I feel guilty being pregnant after the death of my son last year," said a woman during her routine obstetrical examination. The nurse spends extra time with this woman, helping her realize bonding with this unborn child will not mean she is replacing the one who died. Which nursing technique does this demonstrate? a. Providing curative therapy b. Promoting spirituality c. Facilitating mourning d. Eradicating grief
C
12. A patient is admitted to a rehabilitation facility following a stroke. The patient has right-sided paralysis and is unable to speak. The patient will be receiving physical therapy and speech therapy. Which level of preventive care is the patient receiving? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion
C
13. A female nurse is called into the supervisor's office regarding her deteriorating work performance since the loss of her spouse 2 years ago. The woman begins sobbing and says that she is "falling apart" at home as well. Which type of grief is the female nurse experiencing? a. Normal grief b. Perceived grief c. Complicated grief d. Disenfranchised grief
C
13. A nurse is discussing quality of life issues with another colleague. Which topic will the nurse acknowledge for increased attention paid to quality of life concerns? a. Health care disparities b. Aging of the population c. Abilities of disabled persons d. Health care financial reform
C
14. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been trying to quit smoking. The patient has been smoke free for 2 weeks but had two cigarettes last night and at least two this morning. What should the nurse anticipate? a. The patient does not want to and will never quit smoking. b. The patient must pick up the attempt right where the patient left off. c. The patient will return to the contemplation or precontemplation phase. d. The patient will need to adopt a new lifestyle for change to be effec
C
15. The nurse is caring for a dying patient. Which intervention is considered futile? a. Giving pain medication for pain b. Providing oral care every 5 hours c. Administering the influenza vaccine d. Supporting lower extremities with pillows
C
2. A nurse is following the goals of Healthy People 2020 to provide care. Which action should the nurse take? a. Allow people to continue current behaviors to reduce the stress of change. b. Focus only on health changes that will lead to better local communities. c. Create social and physical environments that promote good health. d. Focus on illness treatment to provide fast recuperation.
C
3. The patient's son requests to view documentation in the medical record. What is the nurse's best response to this request? a. "I'll be happy to get that for you." b. "You are not allowed to look at it." c. "You will need your mother's permission." d. "I cannot let you see the chart without a doctor's order."
C
4. A severely depressed patient cannot state any positive attributes to life. The nurse patiently sits with this patient and assists the patient to identify several activities the patient is actually looking forward to in life. Which spiritual concept is the nurse trying to promote? a. Time management b. Reminiscence c. Hope d. Faith
C
4. An obstetric nurse comes across an automobile accident. The driver seems to have a crushed upper airway, and while waiting for emergency medical services to arrive, the nurse makes a cut in the trachea and inserts a straw from a purse to provide an airway. The patient survives and has a permanent problem with vocal cords, making it difficult to talk. Which statement is true regarding the nurse's performance? a. The nurse acted appropriately and saved the patient's life. b. The nurse staye
C
6. Family members gather in the emergency department after learning that a family member was involved in a motor vehicle accident. After learning of the family member's unexpected death, the surviving family members begin to cry and scream in despair. Which phase does the nurse determine the family is in according to the Attachment Theory? a. Numbing b. Reorganization c. Yearning and searching d. Disorganization and despair
C
1. Which areas should the nurse assess to determine the effects of external variables on a patient's illness? (Select all that apply.) a. Patient's perception of the illness b. Patient's coping skills c. Socioeconomic status d. Cultural background e. Social support
C D E
1. A newly hired experienced nurse is preparing to change a patient's abdominal dressing and hasn't done it before at this hospital. Which action by the nurse is best? a. Have another nurse do it so the correct method can be viewed. b. Change the dressing using the method taught in nursing school. c. Ask the patient how the dressing change has been recently done. d. Check the policy and procedure manual for the facility's method.
D
12. A young woman who is pregnant with a fetus exposed to multiple teratogens consents to have her fetus undergo serial PUBS (percutaneous umbilical blood sampling) to examine how exposure affects the fetus over time. Although these tests will not improve the fetus's outcomes and will expose it to some risks, the information gathered may help infants in the future. Which ethical principle is at greatest risk? a. Fidelity b. Autonomy c. Beneficence d. Nonmaleficence
D
14. A nurse is caring for a patient in the last stages of dying. Which finding indicates the nurse needs to prepare the family for death? a. Redness of skin b. Clear-colored urine c. Tense muscles tone d. Cheyne-Stokes breathing
D
15. A female nursing student in the final term of nursing school is overheard by a nursing faculty member telling another student that she got to insert a nasogastric tube in the emergency department while working as a nursing assistant. Which advice is best for the nursing faculty member to give to the nursing student? a. "Just be careful when you are doing new procedures and make sure you are following directions by the nurse." b. "Review your procedures before you go to work, so you wil
D
16. A nurse is caring for a dying patient. One of the nurse's goals is to promote dignity and validation of the dying person's life. Which action will the nurse take to best achieve this goal? a. Take pictures of visitors. b. Provide quiet visiting time. c. Call the organ donation coordinator. d. Listen to family stories about the person.
D
19. A nurse lets the transplant coordinator make a request for organ and tissue donation from the patient's family. What is the primary rationale for the nurse's action? a. The nurse is not as knowledgeable as the coordinator. b. The nurse is uncomfortable asking the family. c. The nurse does not want to upset the family. d. The nurse is following a federal law.
D
2. A cancer patient asks the nurse what the criteria are for hospice care. Which information should the nurse share with the patient? a. It is for those needing assistance with pain management. b. It is for those having a terminal illness, such as cancer. c. It is for those with completion of an advance directive. d. It is for those expected to live less than 6 months.
D
20. A patient cancels a scheduled appointment because the patient will be attending a Shivah for a family member. Which response by the nurse is best? a. "When families come together for end-of-life decisions, it provides connections." b. "We will reschedule so the appointment does not fall on the Sabbath." c. "Missionary outreach is so important for spiritual comfort." d. "I'm so sorry for your loss."
D
23. A patient's father died a week ago. Both the patient and the patient's spouse talk about the death. The patient's spouse is experiencing headaches and fatigue. The patient is having trouble sleeping, has no appetite, and gets choked up most of the time. How should the nurse interpret these findings as the basis for a follow-up assessment? a. The patient is dying and the spouse is angry. b. The patient is ill and the spouse is malingering. c. Both the patient and the spouse are likely i
D
3. A terminally ill patient is experiencing constipation secondary to pain medication. Which is the best method for the nurse to improve the patient's constipation problem? a. Contact the health care provider to discontinue pain medication. b. Administer enemas twice daily for 7 days. c. Massage the patient's abdomen. d. Use a laxative.
D
5. In preparation for the eventual death of a female hospice patient of the Muslim faith, the nurse organizes a meeting of all hospice caregivers. A plan of care to be followed when this patient dies is prepared. Which information will be included in the plan? a. Prepare the body for autopsy. b. Prepare the body for cremation. c. Allow male Muslims to care for the body after death has occurred. d. Allow female Muslims to care for the body after death has occurred.
D
8. The nurse values autonomy above all other principles. Which patient assignment will the nurse find most difficult to accept? a. Older-adult patient who requires dialysis b. Teenager in labor who requests epidural anesthesia c. Middle-aged father of three with an advance directive declining life support d. Family elder who is making the decisions for a young-adult female member
D
9. A nurse must make an ethical decision concerning vulnerable patient populations. Which philosophy of health care ethics would be particularly useful for this nurse? a. Teleology b. Deontology c. Utilitarianism d. Feminist ethics
D
9. A palliative team is caring for a dying patient in severe pain. Which action is the priority? a. Provide postmortem care for the patient. b. Support the patient's nurse in grieving. c. Teach the patient the stages of grief. d. Enhance the patient's quality of life.
D
9. The nurse is working on a committee to evaluate the need for increasing the levels of fluoride in the drinking water of the community. Which concept is the nurse fostering? a. Illness prevention b. Wellness education c. Active health promotion d. Passive health promotion
D