Exam #3 questions

____ is a direct (intentional) food additive. A. FD&C Red No. 40 B. Rodent hair C. Glass D. Sand

A. FD&C Red No. 40

Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain _____. A. high-fructose corn syrup B. Clostridlum botulinum spores C. aflatoxins D. aspartame

B. Clostridlum botulinum spores

Which of the folowing nutrients is a major mineral? A. lodine B. Iron C. Potassium D. Zinc

C. Potassium

____ is classified as a major mineral. a. lodine B. iron C. selenium D. calcium

D. Calcium

Brad enjoys eating pork roasts and ribs, but he wants to reduce the chances that his food preparation practices do not result in food-borne ilness. What should he avoid doing? A. Washing his hands in warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds before and after touching the raw pork B. Sanitizing the knife that he used to cut up the raw pork with a mixture of bleach and water before using it again. C. Grilling the pork on a hot grill until the internal temperature of the flesh reached 145F D. Cleaning the plate used to carry the pork to the grill with a paper towel before using it for serving raw vegetables.

D. Cleaning the plate used to carry the pork to the grill with a paper towel before using it for serving raw vegetables.

How can you tell if a food has been irradiated to preserve it? A. Observe any unusual color changes in the food B. Smell the food and note any "off" favors C. Test the food for nutrient losses D. Look for the Radura symbol on the package

D. Look for the Radura symbol on the package

To conserve the vitamin content of foods, _____. A. cook slowly in large amounts of water B. peel vegetables and cut into small pieces before cooking in C. water store in warm conditions, and expose to sunlight and air D. stir-fry instead of boil

D. Stir fry instead of boil

Which of the following organs is not directly involved in maintaining the body's fluid balance? A. Lung B. Kidney C. Skin D. Thyroid gland

D. Thyroid gland

Kevin is an American who is staying in a hotel in Paris, France. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Kevin should ______. A. not be concerned because France is a low-risk country B. drink only water that has been boiled C. add iodine drops to the water D. avold eating fresh fruits and vegetables

A. Not be concerned because France is a low-risk country

One of the major signs of a severe vitamin A deficiency is xerophthaimia. A. True B. False

A. True

The _____ prohibits food manufacturers from adding a new compound to food that causes cancer A. First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution B. Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment C. Pure Food and Drug Act D. Cancer Prevention Act

B. Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment

Which of the following statements is true? A. in the United States, people rarely suffer from food-borne illnesses B. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is responsible for inspecting local restaurants and grocery stores to ensure they meet food safety standards. C. A food's odor or appearance is not a reliable indicator of whether it is safe to eat D. An undercooked hamburger patty is the most likely source of aflatoxin.

C. A food's odor or appearance is not a reliable indicator of whether it is safe to eat

An _____ is a substance that protects vulnerable moiecules from free radicals. A. enzyme B. oncogene C. antioxidant D. lon

C. Antioxidant

Deep yellow, dark green and orange fruits and vegetables are rich sources of ____. A. gelatin B. essential amino acids C. beta-carotene D. vitamin D

C. Beta-carotene

Intrinsic factor is needed to absorb vitamin ____. A. B-12 B. C C. B-6 D. A

A. B-12

Sterilization is an extremely effective method of destroying food-borne pathogens. A. True B. False

A. True

Night blindness is an early symptom of vitamin D deficiency. A. True B. False

B. False

Osteoporosis is characterized by _____. A. defective coliagen production B. keratinization and death of epithelial cells C. loss of bone mass and structure D. immature red blood cells that lack hemoglobin

C. Loss of bone mass and structure

Vitamin D helps the body absorb _____. A. Iron and copper B. sodium and potansium C. phosphorus and calclum D. magnesium and iodine

C. Phosphorhs and calcium

In general, fresh fruits and vegetables are good sources of _____. A. zinc B. calcium C. potassium D. iron

C. Potassium

Which of the following vitamins have antioxidant activity? A. B-6 B. D C. K D. E

D. E

Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ___ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly A. 20 B. 40 C. 60 D. 90

A. 20

Which of the following groups of Americans has the highest risk of hypertension? A. African Americans B. Non-Hispanic white Americans C. Native Americans D. Asian Americans

A. African Americans

Dehydration can cause ____. A. death B. diabetes C. hypoglycemia D. cirrhosis

A. Death

When consumed with certan plant foods, vitamin C enhances the absorption of ____. A. iron B. calclum C. niacin D. ribafiavin

A. Iron

Which of the folowing statements is true? A. A blood pressure reading of 165/90 mm Hg is within the normal range. B. Approximately one-third of adult Americans have hypertension. C. Deli meats, such as bologna and ham, are rich sources of potassium and poor sources of sodium. D. It is safe to take large doses of potassium supplements, because the mineral is non-taxic.

B. Approximately one-third of adult Americans have hypertension.

Which of the following foods is frequently a source of food-borne pathogens? A. Dried apricots B. Egg salad C. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich D. Commercially-canned baked beans

B. Egg salad

Keeping the temperature of food between 60 F and 110F is an effective way of slowing the growth of pathogens that may be in the food. A. True B. False

B. False

Rebecca has hypertension. To help lower her blood pressure, she should _____. A. follow a high-glycemic diet B. consume more foods that contain iron and zinc C. follow the DASH diet D. reduce her potassium intake

B. Follow the DASH diet

The process of pasteurization involves the use of _____. A. radiation to destroy pathogens B. heat to kill pathogens C. pressure to immobilize pathogens D. chemicals to denature pathogens

B. Heat to kill pathogens

Why is taking excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins more likely to cause toxcicity than taking excesses of water-soluble vitamins? A. The body has higher requirements for water-soluble vitamins. B. In general, excesses of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water-soluble vitamins C. The body has higher requirements for fat-soluble vitamins. D. In general, water-soluble vitamins are more likely to be stored in the body than fat-soluble vitamins.

B. In general, excesses of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water-soluble vitamins

In the United States, _____ deficency is the most common nutritional deficiency A. selenium B. iron C. calcium D. magnesium

B. Iron

Weight-bearing exercises can ______. A. delay the development of diverticulosis B. strengthen bones C. reduce the body's need for vitamin C and iron. D. increase the body's metabolism of zinc and sulfur

B. Strengthen bones

Dorothy is a 65-year-old woman with perniclous anemia What treatment would her doctor recommend? A. Iron supplements B. Vitamin B-12 injections C. Vichmin C supplements D. A vegan diet

B. Vitamin B-12 injections

On her last camping trip, Jenny swallowed some water when she swam in a lake. Two days later, she suddenly experienced severe abdominal pain and watery diarhea. Based on this information, Jenny probably is infected with _____. A. Bacillus cerous B. afiatoxin C. Glardia D. Clostridium botulinum

C. Glardia

Charcoal-broiled meats may be a source of ____. A. dietary fiber B. vitamin C C. heterocyclic amines D. statins

C. Heterocyclic amines

Which of the following statements is true? A. The risk of cancer among people who apply chemical pestioldes is the same as that of people who are not directly exposed to the substances. B. Pesticides decompose in soil and, as a result, do not enter the human food chain C. Pesticides help protect the food supply and keep food costs down. D. The FDA regulates the use of pesticides.

C. Pesticides help protext the food supply and keep food costs down

Which of the foliowing statements is true? A. Freezing food klls the pathogenic bacteria it contains. B. After a meal, refrigerate leftovers within 5 hours. C. Raw ground beef is often a source of E. coli O157:H7 D. In the United States, the hepatitis C virus causes more cases of food-borne illness than any other virus

C. Raw ground beef is often a source of E. coli O157:H7

While Aaron was at a party, he drank too much alcohol. The following morning, he had a headache and his mouth felt very dry. Based on this information, _____. A. Aaron was experiencing the effects of delayed ethanol metabolsm disorder B. suffering from ion overload syndrome, which often occurs after excess alcohol ingestion C. being affected by the dehydration that resulted from drinking alcohol D. displaying the typical signs and symptoms of alcohol spectrum disease

C. being affected by the dehydration that resulted from drinking alcohol

Jamil is an Iranian woman living in poverty. She is not seen in public places without being covered almost completely in heavy veils. Her usual diet is comprised of legumes, small amounts of yogurt, whole grain bread and rice, fruits, and a few vegetables. Based on this information, Jamil is most at risk of ____. A. Pellagra B. Beriberi C. Scurvy D. Osteomalacia

D. Osteomalacia

Issac is an 8-year-old child who has African ancestry. He lives in Chicago and does not spend much time outdoors. He does not like to consume dairy foods because he has lactose intolerance. His diet consists primarily of enriched white bread, peanut butter, chicken, pork, apples, bananas, and green vegetables. Based on this information, Issac has a high risk of ____. A. pelagra B. beriberi C. scurvy D. rickets

D. Rickets

Becky's two-year-old son can't walk because he was born with spina bifida. To reduce the chances that her next baby is born with this birth affect related disorders, Becky should_____. A. Consume green leafy vegetables, drink orange juice, and take a folic acid supplement before getting pregnant. B. Eat at least 3 ounces of fatty fish three times a week, take vitamin A&E supplements, and drink at least 2 cups of fat-free milk during the first three months of pregnancy. C. Take pantothenic acid, B6, and B 12 supplements before getting pregnant. D. Take iron, zinc, and magnesium supplements during the first month of pregnancy, then eat more whole grain bread and cereals for the remaining months of pregnancy.

A. Consume green leafy vegetables, drink orange juice, and take a folic acid supplement before getting pregnant.

Three days ater eating an undercooked hamburger patty at a picnic, Grace experienced intestinal cramps and bloody diarhea. When Grace became too weak to walk, her roommate took her to the emergency room of a hospital. Grace required treatment for kidney failure. Which of the following food-borne pathogens was most likely responsible for Grace's serious iliness? A. E. coli O157 H7 B. Staphylococcus aureus C. Bacilus cereus D. Trichinela

A. E. coli O157 H7

Vermin, such as cockroaches and flies, can transmit pathogens to food because they often come in contact with garbage and/or sewage. A. True B. False

A. True

When healthy skin is exposed to sunshine, it forms a substance that the body converts to active vitamin D. A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following food groups includes foods that are rich sources of riboflavin? A. Fruits B. Vegetables C. Dairy D. Oils

C. Dairy

Anna enjoys grilling hamburgers, but she wants to reduce the chances that her food preparation practices result in food-borne illness. Which of the following steps should she avpid? A. Washing her hands in warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds after touching the raw ground meat B. Sanitizing the plate that she used to carry the raw hamburgers to the grill before using it again. C. Griling the hamburgers until the internal temperature of the meat reached 160 F D. Thawing the frozen ground meat on the kitchen counter

D. Thawing the frozen ground meat on the kitchen counter

Which of the foliowing statements is true about vitamins? A. Chemically, they are the same as minerals. B. Compared to proatein, the body requires vitamins in larger quantities C. Excesses can be converted to glucose for energy D. They are usually in foods that Americans commonly eat

D. They are usually in foods that Americans commonly eat

Franco made dinner for his roommates. The meal included a baked cut-up chicken, fruit salad, and stir-fried rice with mixed vegetables. About 8 hours after eating dinner, Franco and his roommaces experienced nausea. vomtng, fever chils, and diarrhea. Based on this information, Franco probably _____. A. thawed the frozen raw chicken in a covered tray on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator B. Allowed the frozen vegetables to thaw before adding them to the rice C. did not cook the rice completely, before he added the vegetables to it D. did not wash the knife that he used to cut up the chicken before using it to cut up the fruit

D. did not wash the knife that he used to cut up the chicken before using it to cut up the fruit

Sean has carpal tunnel syndrome. A few months ago, he began taking megadoses of vitamin B-6, when he read that the vitamin can cure the disorder. Today, Sean reported to his friends that his hands were feeling numb and his walking is unsteady. Based on this information, Sean should ____. A. continue taking the megadoses of vitamin B-6, because his body needs more time to heal B. discontinue taking vitamin B-6, because his body does not require the micronutrient C. increase his vitamin B-6 intake, because the numbness and unsteadiness are signs that the treatment is working D. stop taking vitamin B-6, because he is showing signs and symptoms of vitamin B-6 toxicity

D. stop taking vitamin B-6, because he is showing signs and symptoms of vitamin B-6 toxicity