Exam #4 - Therapy

psychodynamic treatement

Clarice seeks treatment for a history of childhood sexual abuse. She is interested in therapy which will help provide insight into her ongoing symptoms. Clarice is likely to receive _____.

stress inoculation training

Marilyn is an architect who is looking for a job. She has worked on a wide range of projects and has several recommendations, and is able to land interviews fairly easily. However, she usually stresses about how much better the other candidates might be. During interviews, she does poorly. To counter this, Marilyn's therapist had her read her own recommendations to herself right before her next interview. The result was improved confidence and a second interview. The therapist's approach BEST illustrates:

cognitive-behavioral

Mark suffers from a great deal of irrational thoughts that affect his social life. He would benefit MOST from ______therapy.

traditional psychoanalytic

Mikkia needs therapy for help with procrastination. She says, "There's no way I'm going to that therapist! He sees patients three times a week for years on end. I need to get better soon!" The therapist most likely uses the _____ approach.

cognitive therapy

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of:

systematic desensitization

To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique best illustrates:

averse conditioning

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

averse conditioning

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

systematic desensitization

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias

insight therapies

a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

humanistic therapies

aim to boost people's self-fulfillment by helping them grow in self-awareness and self acceptance

virtual reality exposure therapy

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

eclectic approach

an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy

token economy

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange their tokens for various privileges or treats

counterconditioning

behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

exposure therapies

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid

repressed

disowned feelings

active listening

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy

negative, poisitve

in aversive conditioning, the goal is substituting a _____ response for a ______ response to a harmful stimulus (such as alcohol)

interpretation

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

resistance

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

transferring

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

positive, negative

in systematic desensitization, the goal is substituting a ______ response for a ______ response to a harmless stimulus.

biomedical therapy

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

progressive relaxation

the therapist would train you to relax one muscle group after another, until you achieve a blissful state of complete relaxation and comfort.

group therapy

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction

psychodynamic therapy

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight

behavior therapy

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

cognitive therapies

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

family therapy

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

psychotherapy

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

exposure

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates the _____ technique in behavioral therapy.

stress inoculation training

Aaron is undergoing Army basic training. He is being taught to reduce incapacitating anxiety by saying things to himself that enhance a sense of control during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates _____.

genuineness

According to the text, the three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are _____, acceptance, and empathy.

system

Family therapists view the family as a:

Aaron Beck's cognitive

Glenn suffers from depression. He frequently thinks of situations as overwhelmingly bad, with no hope of future improvement. Glenn would most benefit from _____ therapy.

Aaron Beck

He was originally trained in psychoanalytic techniques but invented his own therapy to try to reverse clients' catastrophizing beliefs about themselves.

psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. (2) Freud's therapeutic technique used in treating psychological disorders. Freud believed that the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the therapist's interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

eclectic approach

Stephanie meets with her therapist once a week in order to talk about her marriage as well as the relationship she has with her parents. In addition to helping Stephanie seek insight about these relationships, Stephanie's therapist prescribes Stephanie medication. This is an example of:

humanistic

This perspective has emphasized people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment.

Promoting this growth, not curing illness, is the therapy focus

Thus, those in therapy became "clients" or just "persons" rather than "patients" (a change many other therapists have adopted).

interpersonal psychotherapy

Tracy is a manager for a large corporation and has been placed in charge of an important project. She now has to report to someone who she does not like, and is responsible for a staff that has a history of underperforming. On top of this, she is getting married in the next six months. She and her fiance are fighting all the time and she has become irritable at work. Instead of talking about childhood memories, as well as Tracy's relationship with her mother, Tracy's new therapist decides to focus exclusively on the relationship she has with her boyfriend as well as her coworkers. Tracy's therapist is using:

transference

When patients in psychoanalysis begins to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing:

paraphrase, invite clarification, reflect feelings

_________ Rather than saying "I know how you feel," check your understandings by summarizing the person's words in your own words. ____________ "What might be an example of that?" may encourage the person to say more. _____________. "It sounds frustrating" might mirror what you're sensing from the person's body language and intensity.

unconditional positive regard

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

client-centered therapy

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)

cognitive behavioral therapy

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)