exam 5 in-class & HW questions

What are Endorsements?

A signal to voters that a particular candidate will represent their interests if elected to office.

The law enforcement for counties, ranging from full service, limited service, and restricted service is headed by the:

Sheriff department

Which of the following describes a state that has apportioned its legislature so that each district is served by a single legislator?

Single Member Legislative District

According to Dillon's Rule, any questions about jurisdiction between states and local governments are ruled in favor of the:

State government

The President recently withdrew the United States from which U.N. treaty?

The Arms Trade Treaty

In the Council-Manager form of government, who chooses the City Manager?

The City Council

The White House has recently considered withdrawing from which trade agreement:

The North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA

Which of the following describes first-order devolution?

The transition of power from the federal government to the state government

Which of the following describes second-order devolution?

The transition of power from the state government to the local governments

The acts of local governments, acting as "laws," are called:

ordinances

In politics, the phrase ___________ means one receives a service, gift, or benefit in return for loyal support and votes.

quid pro quo

____________ are laws passed by legislatures. Sometimes the question of the law is how it should be applied in particular situation and two parties make arguments to apply it differently.

statutes

The court of final appeal in a state

supreme court

(T/F) Early state constitutions were legacies of the American Revolutionary experience, and they favored legislatures over the executive and judicial branches.

true

(T/F) Most states allow some form of line-item veto for its governor.

true

(T/F) The Model State Constitution includes a Bill of Rights.

true

True or False: Black voters are more responsive to endorsements than Latinos.

true

_________ are requirements placed upon municipalities by a state government that incur costs, but the state has not allocated any funds to support the implementation and enforcement of these requirements.

unfunded mandates

Local governments are granted permission to govern by the state government. In that sense we can think of local governments as part of a __________ system.

unitary

Having the power to make law, judgements, or decisions in a certain area or domain is known as

jurisdiction

Zoning rules and authority focus on the use of:

land

has states provide financial reimbursement to municipalities to support mandate implementation and enforcement, but they are not ironclad.

mandate reimbursement

The ____________ form of local government has an elected mayor who serves as the head of the municipality's executive branch. The people also elect city councilors who serve as representatives for particular sections of the municipality. The council may also have at-large members who are elected by all of the voters of the city and are not tied to a particular district.

mayor-council

Villages, towns, boroughs, cities, or counties that have state charters of incorporation and self-government are known as

municipalities

How Many People Serve in the Missouri House of Representatives

163

How Many People Serve in the Missouri State Senate?

34

Which state has the longest state constitution, at 926 amendments, an example of a positive law constitution?

Alabama

Which of the following is *not* true of state constitutions in the United States?

All state constitutions allow for initiative, referendum, and recall, democratizing the law-making process.

In the most popular county government structure, voters elect a variety of positions like clerk, coroner, sheriff, treasurer, and prosecutor, along with a body who appoints other officials. This body is called the:

Board of commissioners

The Commission form of government allows for expertise to guide decision making, but:

Can become too political as the different heads can focus too much on their own department.

Which form of city government has five to seven at-large elected officials, who act as both the legislative and executive branches of the local government?

City commission form

The type of city government where the city council appoints the executive, who can manage local services, hire and fire people, and prepare the budget is:

City manager form

Which of the following is a system that has voters elect key positions in the county government such as sheriff, prosecutor, tax assessor, coroner, clerk, and treasurer? The people also elect a county commission who appoint other necessary county officials, make county ordinances, and pass the county budget.

Commission System

Which of the following is a system in which voters choose a county executive? Much like a President or a Governor, the County Executive proposes a budget to the commissioners and executes the ordinances passed by the board of commissioners.

County Council—elected executive system

Which of the following is an example of a general purpose local government?

County government

General Purpose Local Government:

County governments and municipalities with some smaller township governments that perform a wide variety of functions.

Which political party most embraced immigrants and immigrant issues in the post-Civil War era?

Democratic party

Which of the following is the concept that local governments were created by states and could be destroyed by states. As such, local government power was limited to powers explicitly given to it by the state, powers implied in the state authorized charter, and powers necessary for the local government to exercise its declared purposes?

Dillon's rule

MO Speaker of the house

Elijah Haahr

True or False: A local government can operate independently of the state, and does not require state recognition of their charter.

False

True or False: Voter turnout for local elections is generally higher because of the amount of responsibilities that directly affect voters' lives: utilities, schools, and voting.

False

Which of the following allows for a state to oversee municipal affairs, but it does not place rigid limitations on the scope of municipal power?

Home Rule

State legislatures have shorter sessions in which they conduct the business of state have smaller legislative staffs and compensate legislators modestly.

Hybrid legislatures

Which of the following is not a function of the county government?

Income tax collection

This court hears appeals of cases referred from lower courts

Intermediate Appellate Courts

Which of the following statement best describes the significance of the Virginia House of Burgesses?

It was the first elected assembly in America.

As of today (5/2/2019), which Candidate has the most endorsements?

Joe Biden

Most states have a _________________ who serves with the governor and takes the office of governor if he or she dies in office or cannot fulfill the office.

Lieutenant governor

The person who is elected to serve as second-in-command under the governor is called the:

Lieutenant governor

In some states, the governor can simply remove one part of a bill. This is called a ____________.

Line-item veto

Original jurisdiction of cases involving major offenses of the law and major civil cases.

Major Trial Courts

When a state government needs to provide financial reimbursement to municipalities to implement and enforce mandates, that is called:

Mandate reimbursement

The elected position who serves as head of a city's executive government is called the:

Mayor

MO Lieutenant governor

Mike Kehoe

Limited jurisdiction such as traffic courts or juvenile courts and small claims courts. Each one is the original jurisdiction court for those matters.

Minor Trial Courts

Which of the following describes legislative districts represented by more than one legislator?

Multi-member legislative district

Villages, towns, boroughs, cities, and counties with state charters of incorporation are examples of:

Municipalities

Which is the type of constitution uses more expansive and imprecise language that encompass essential principles of governance?

Natural law constitution

Which of the following are Constitutions with more expansive and imprecise language that encompass essential principles of governance?

Natural law constitutions

Which state is the only one to have a unicameral legislature?

Nebraska

Which of the following describes Constitutions that are long, specific, and quite prescriptive?

Positive law constitutions

The legislators in these bodies hold these positions as full-time jobs. The legislature meets throughout the year and employs a sizable legislative staff to support the work of the legislature. The legislators in this system are compensated to account for the fact that this is a full-time job

Professional legislatures

Single Purpose Local Government

School and special districts (like water and utilities) that perform single duties.

True or False: In a Dillon rule state, like Virginia, the state legislature must approve local ordinances, including moving the school start and zoning regulations.

True

The United States government recently imposed additional sanctions on the minister of foreign affairs of which country?

Venezuela

The first elected assembly in American history was

Virginia house of Burgesses

William "Boss" Tweed was:

a corrupt party boss who feasted on new immigrants to fill his party's ranks.

What are the three types of sheriff's departments?

full service, limited service and restricted service

Local governments are constituted by an agreement of the people, but states authorize their local governments are constituted by an agreement of the people, but states authorize their

charter

Which of the following is the organizing document of a municipal government. It is authorized by a state, and its sets out the purpose, powers, and organization of that government. It is the fundamental law of the municipal government.

charter

States use a system of _____________ . This type of law is built upon previous court decisions.

common law