EXAM PRACTICE 2

The primary effect of the myelin sheath is to

increase the velocity of conduction of the action potential along the axon

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

the absolute refractory phase

A test has a mean of 80 with a standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?

77

Which of the following is classified as an antagonist?

A tricyclic antidepressant, because they block serotonin and norepinephrine transporters.

The depletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

Acetylcholine

Caffeine and nicotine are in the same class as which of the following drugs?

Cocaine

Which of the following allows the examination of living brain tissue visually without performing surgery?

Computerized axial tomography

In terms of the effect on the central nervous system, alcohol is most accurately classified as which of the following types of drug?

Depressant

Which of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?

Dopamine

Most glands in the human body are a part of which system?

Endocrine

Which of the following systems produces, circulates, and regulates levels of hormones in the body?

Endocrine system

Which of the following research methods is being used if the same subjects are tested at two, four, and six years of age?

Longitudinal

Which of the following is brain-imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Which of the following is a disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin of neurons in the central nervous system?

Multiple sclerosis

Which of the following terms refers to the brain's ability to physically change over time in reaction to experiences?

Neuroplasticity

Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?

Positron emission tomography (PET)

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for helping

Riaesha get ready to fight or flee when seeing a bear

The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are

SSRIs

What hormone seems to be most closely linked with aggressive behavior?

Testosterone

Which of the following characteristics is generally associated with the use of hallucinogens?

The experience of vivid, distorted images that are not based on sensory input

Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?

The movements of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane creates an action potential.

Researchers are investigating the effects of a 20-minute antibullying video on adolescent helping behavior. Fifty-seven eighth-grade students from a middle school are participating. Based on the information presented, which of the following is the dependent variable in the study?

The number of helping behaviors

Which of the following best describes the response of members of the American Psychological Association to ethical issues in research?

They have developed codes of ethics for research with both human participants and animal subjects.

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

Wernicke's area

The part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons is called

a dendrite

Based on its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol can be classified as

a depressant

Reuptake of a neurotransmitter refers to

absorption of the neurotransmitter into the terminal buttons of the sending neuron

The fight-or-flight response is most closely associated with the

adrenal glands

Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by

afferent neurons

When a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will best help alleviate that pain is

an opiate

Parkinson's disease is most closely associated with

decreases in levels of dopamine

The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in

digesting food

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

electroencephalography (EEG)

The diagram above depicts the human body's

endocrine system

The most important reason to use operational definitions in psychological research is it

helps everyone involved with the research understand and collect data in the same manner.

The pituitary gland is controlled by the

hypothalamus

Many common antidepressants ease symptoms of depression by

inhibiting serotonin reuptake, which makes serotonin more available

The brain's ability to adapt after it is damaged is known as

plasticity

Which of the following brain regions is indicated by the arrow?

pons

The function of dendrites is to

receive information from other neurons

A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is

reduced inhibition

The process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed into the neuron after it fires is called

reuptake

An image projected to the left visual field of a split-brained person will be processed in the

right visual cortex

Nervousness can result in faster and more shallow breathing as well as a racing heart. This is due to activation of the

sympathetic nervous system

During neuronal firing, the part of the neuron that acts as an insulator and conductor to speed the electrical impulse as it travels down the axon is

the myelin sheath

The time shortly after a neuron fires is referred to as

the refractory period