EXSS 181 Quizzes

What estimate is given for the number of Americans experiencing depression at any given time according to Strohle, 2009?

1 in 4

Which of the following answer choices correctly defines Psychological Skills training?

A systematic and consistent practice of mental or psychological skills for the purpose of enhancing performance, increasing enjoyment, or achieving greater sport and physical activity self-satisfaction

According to the stress and athletic injury model, a potentially stressful situation may lead to an increased chance of injury through which mechanisms?

A. Perception of threat B. Increased state anxiety C. Attention or distractions D. Muscle tension *E. All of the above*

Which of the following are considered treatment or prevention strategies for athlete burnout?

A. Scheduled breaks from sport B. Maintaining a positive outlook C. Staying in good physical condition D. Enhancing communication skills *E. All of the above*

You are a consultant for a Little League softball team in your hometown. One of the players comes to you and asks if you can help her with some anxiety she is feeling during games. Appropriate guidelines for applying your arousal and anxiety knowledge may include:

A. develop her confidence to lower her arousal and anxiety B. recognize how personal and situational factors interact to influence her arousal and performance C. tailor coaching and instructional practices to her individual circumstances *D. all of the above*

You are a high school tennis coach and you have become cognizant of burnout in your athletes. To ensure that your athletes do not experience burnout, you decide to enhance their management of post-competition emotions. You can do this by:

A. talking to all team members, even those who did not play B. providing an unemotional, realistic assessment of each athletes' performance C. discouraging gloating following victories and depression following losses *D. all of the above*

Sources of sport confidence include:

All of the above

A youth soccer coach wants to improve cooperation among his team as he feels some kids possess great athletic skills while some need to learn the basics of the game. Which is not a way to implement cooperation among his team to address this concern?

Allow the kids to play the same position each game

Morgan, a collegiate lacrosse player, sustained a concussion when she ran into an opposing player during an important qualifying match. Morgan says that she was "so focused" on chasing down the ball, and did not see how close she was to the other player before they collided. Which explanation for injury best applies to Morgan's case?

Attentional disruption

In considering the research findings on scholarships by Amorose, Horn, and Miller (1994, 2000), what combination of coaching behaviors would most likely decrease a scholarship athlete's intrinsic motivation?

Coach emphasizes controlling aspect of scholarship, displays autocratic behavior

Which game structure category does a 100-yard sprint most likely fit into?

Competitive means-competitive ends

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of self-confidence as discussed in the textbook?

Confidence makes one physically stronger

Sport-related burnout is only experienced in athletes. True or false?

False. Even coaches or officials, have been found to experience burnout.

You are hoping to change your exercise regimen so that it also helps you to achieve positive mood changes. Which of the following would NOT be recommended?

Focus on competing with others during exercise.

You are a certified athletic trainer for a high school football team. A player on the team, named Kyle, recently broke his femur and will be out for the rest of the season. Which of the following would be an appropriate guideline for you to follow when helping Kyle in his injury recovery process?

Give Kyle a detailed outline of what his recovery process will look like.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic/dimension of burnout?

Increases in sport-related training

____________ feedback provides information about specific behaviors, levels of proficiency that should be achieved, and the current level of proficiency.

Instructional

According to studies done in groups of athletes, which combination of life stress and personality factors would result in the greatest risk of athletic injury?

Low social support and low coping skills; high trait anxiety

Which of the following is NOT included in Kirschenbaum's five-stage model of self-regulation?

Mental strength

Jenny is a D1 ice hockey player. Lately she hasn't been feeling like herself. She is performing poorly and has lost a significant amount of weight. She is having trouble concentrating and is struggling with a lot of muscle soreness and other injuries. From these symptoms, Jenny is most likely experiencing:

Overtraining syndrome

The final stage of the sport competition process according to Martens, the Consequences stage, involves three longer-term effects/outcomes. These include:

Performance, attitudes, health

Jenna, a high school tennis star, is committed to taking her game to the next level and decides to try PST. Which stage of the PST program is Jenna in if she is focusing on automate skills through overlearning, integrating skills in practice and gradually into competition, and stimulating situations that require the use of the skills?

Practice

You recently began coaching an elementary-school basketball team, whose members are learning the game for the first time. You seek to promote your player's enjoyment of their overall sport experience. What would NOT be an appropriate guideline to follow when giving positive reinforcement to your novice young players?

Reward only the outcomes of players' attempts

Competition is best described as:

Rewards being given to people on the basis of how their performance compares with other performances

Which of the following components is NOT required for cooperation?

Self-referenced goals

Johnny is a quarterback on his high school football team. His coach has been helping him to improve his passing form by rewarding small daily improvements as he approaches the correct behavior. This is best exemplified by _____.

Shaping

The "five stages of grief", as conceptualized by Hardy and Crace, are composed of all of the following EXCEPT?

Suicidal thoughts

T/F: Expecting to beat a tough opponent or successfully perform a difficult skill can produce exceptional performance as psychological barriers are overcome.

True

Although individual psychological skills training programs can target just one topic, the most useful programs for increasing performance include (but are not limited to):

all of the above

________ concerns the degree to which one worries or has negative thoughts.

cognitive state anxiety

Exercise has NOT been shown to INCREASE which of the following markers of psychological well being:

depression

The mental health problems that have received the most attention in the United States are

depression and anxiety

Hanin's individualized zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model suggests that

each individual has a specific optimal bandwidth of arousal where performance is optimized

Which personality style/trait has been shown to work in combination with exercise to reduce some of the negative effects of stress?

hardiness

Attribution theory focuses on

how individuals explain their success and failure

In terms of the relationship between competition and intrinsic motivation, competitive success tends to _______ intrinsic motivation, whereas competitive failure tends to ________ intrinsic motivation.

increase, decrease

In terms of motivational approaches, the "trait-centered view" focused on ___________ whereas the "situation-centered view" takes primary focus on __________. The most widely accepted approach, though, is the __________ view, which incorporates the previous two approaches.

individual characteristics, the environment/situation, interactional

Your textbook refers to arousal as the

intensity dimensions of motivation at a particular moment

When designing a psychological skills program, it is important to include foundation, performance, personal development and team skills. Foundational skills are:

intrapersonal resources that are the basic mental skills necessary to achieve success.

A low trait-anxious athlete (compared to a high trait-anxious athlete) would perceive competition as

less threatening and less anxiety producing

You are a U-15 soccer coach who notices that one of your athletes loses motivation after each error she makes. She says, "It's always my fault and no matter how hard I train, I will always make mistakes". According to Weiner's basic attribution categories, this athlete views her mistakes as ________.

out of one's control

According to the textbook, ________ is the belief that you can successfully perform a desired behavior.

self-confidence

When Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute mile barrier, he overcame a negative _______________ that claimed it was physically impossible to run a mile that fast.

self-fulfilling prophecy

According to Achievement Goal Theory, individuals can adopt certain outcome goal orientations. The orientation towards skill development or improvement is labeled as ______.

task/mastery

In a general psychological sense, motivation can be defined as

the direction and intensity of one's effort