FA Davis Chapter 31 Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension

Which patient statement indicates correct understanding of cholesterol? "LDL is the good cholesterol." "HDL is the bad cholesterol." "Elevated levels of potassium decrease my risk for coronary artery disease." "Elevated levels of total cholesterol increase my risk for coronary artery disease."

"Elevated levels of total cholesterol increase my risk for coronary artery disease."

How much exercise each day should the nurse recommend for a patient who is diagnosed with hyperlipidemia? 15 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes 60 minutes

30 minutes

What are the best recommendations for a person with uncontrolled hypertension? Select all that apply. Maintain a healthy weight Cut out all sweets from your diet Follow a low-sodium diet Exercise daily Maintain your blood pressure < 160/100

Maintain a healthy weight Follow a low-sodium diet Exercise daily

Can you differentiate the patient teaching required for a person diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and their complications? Drag and drop the patient teaching you should provide in each situation listed. Peripheral artery disease

Report chest pain or neuro changes Make healthy lifestyle choices Inspect feet daily Avoid crossing legs The client with PAD should prevent crossing the legs, which can further obstruct the flow of blood; monitor for foot ulcers; and choose a healthy lifestyle, including following a DASH diet, limiting alcohol, quitting smoking, and daily exercise. The client with PAD is at a higher risk for heart disease and stroke. Use of a heating pad could cause burns from the decrease in blood flow. Pain in the feet is expected and activity should be mixed with sitting.

When teaching a patient about cholesterol, which statement by the nurse is appropriate? "LDL should be less than 200 mg/dL." "HDL should be greater than 40 mg/dL." "Total cholesterol should be less than 130 mg/dL." "Triglyceride levels should be greater than 200 mg/dL."

"HDL should be greater than 40 mg/dL."

Can you differentiate the patient teaching required for a person diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and their complications? Drag and drop the patient teaching you should provide in each situation listed. Aortic aneurysm

Avoid crossing or elevating the legs Reduce stress Immediately report new chest, abdominal, or flank pain Take medications as prescribed Comply with follow up ultrasound appointments The client with an aortic aneurysm may choose to monitor the condition when appropriate. They should follow measures that will prevent strain, pressure on the aorta and iliac arteries, and hypertension. Routine ultrasounds will be required to monitor the size of the aneurysm.

The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client recently diagnosed with peripheral artery disease. Which teaching point should the nurse include? Spend most of the day in a chair with your feet elevated. Pain is to be expected, so there is no need to report it. Avoid crossing your legs. Soak your feet in a hot tub of water each night.

Avoid crossing your legs.

Can you differentiate the patient teaching required for a person diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and their complications? Drag and drop the patient teaching you should provide in each situation listed. Atherosclerosis

Exercise 150 minutes per week Enroll in a smoking cessation program Eat a healthy, low cholesterol diet Take blood pressure medications as ordered The client with atherosclerosis is at risk for the development of coronary artery disease. Teaching should include blood pressure management, following a healthy diet, stopping smoking, and daily exercise.

Can you differentiate the patient teaching required for a person diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and their complications? Drag and drop the patient teaching you should provide in each situation listed. Hypertension

Follow the DASH diet Follow a low sodium diet Maintain a healthy weight Perform regular physical activity Hypertension teaching should include maintaining a healthy weight (obesity is a contributor); following a low-sodium, DASH diet; abstaining from heavy alcohol use, and participating in regular, physical exercise. Additionally medications should be taken daily and blood pressure should be controlled based on the parameters set by the provider. 160/100 is too high.

Can you differentiate the patient teaching required for a person diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and their complications? Drag and drop the patient teaching you should provide in each situation listed. Carotid artery disease

Immediately report slurred speech or difficulty swallowing Report changes in neurological status immediately Follow DASH diet The client with carotid artery disease is at risk for a stroke. Symptoms of a stroke including headache, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and facial droop or loss of movement. The best outcomes occur with rapid treatment, so the client should report neurological changes immediately. Teaching should encourage lifestyle changes, including the DASH diet and exercise. Massaging of the neck should be avoided as it can cause plaque to break lose.