Family exam 2

When a woman is planning pregnancy, what is her window around ovulation to have intercourse?

2 days before to 1 day after ovulation

A urinalysis is done on a client in her third trimester. Which result would be considered abnormal?

2+ Protein in urine

Before becoming pregnant, a woman's heart rate averaged 72 beats per minute. The woman is now 15 weeks pregnant. The nurse would expect this woman's heart rate to be approximately:

85 bpm

Which of the following changes, with highest priority, should the nurse teach a pregnant patient to report to the health care provider as soon as possible?

Abdominal pain coming and going during the third trimester

The nurse is reviewing the process of egg maturation and ovulation with a client. What occurs during ovulation of the ovarian cycle that the nurse should include in the teaching session with the client?

About day 14, a surge of hormones cause the ovum to burst through the ovary.

Which manifestation, if identified in a client following in vitro fertilization, should a nurse associate with the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?

Accumulated abdominal and lung fluid

The nurse is caring for a client in her second trimester who requires follow-up genetic testing after a common screening indicated a potential abnormality. What is the nurse's main role at this time?

Allowing the client to vent feelings

A client at 16 weeks' gestation is scheduled for prenatal testing. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate as the most likely screening test for congenital anomalies based on the current age of this pregnancy?

Amniocentesis

A client is scheduled for amniocentesis. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate when preparing the client for the procedure? Select all that apply:

Ask the client to void. Assess fetal heart rate.

What does the genetic analysis always include?

Assessment for any other potentially inherited condition

During an exam, the nurse notes that the blood pressure of a client at 22 weeks' gestation is lower, and her heart rate is 12 beats per minute higher than at her last visit. How should the nurse interpret these findings?

Both findings are normal at this point of the pregnancy.

The client is having her blood drawn for a Triple or Quad screen. For what does this test screen? (Select all that apply.)

Down's syndrome Neural tube defects

Sperm maturation occurs in which portion of the male reproductive system?

Epididymis

Which laboratory result would be most important for a nurse to monitor for a client who has recently started letrozole?

FSH

A young woman has just received an intrauterine device (IUD). The nurse is doing post-procedural teaching and discusses the importance of the patient reporting which of the following as possible complications of the IUD? Select all that apply.

Fever Unusual bleeding A missing IUD string Late period

The nurse is assessing a 16-year-old female on a routine well-child visit. Which assessment finding will the nurse predict this healthy female will report concerning her menstrual cycles?

Flow usually lasts 4 to 6 days.

A male client asks the health care provider what is contained within his semen. The provider would inform the client that semen is composed of which of the following? Select all that apply.

Fructose Mucous from the bulbourethral glands Prostatic fluid Sperm

A nurse is explaining the use of an IUD to a female patient interested in obtaining contraception. Which information would the nurse most likely include in the explanation?

IUDs seem to affect the way the sperm or egg moves

The nurse is assessing a young couple who desire to get pregnant. The 38-year-old husband and 29-year-old wife report they had used COC; however, they have now been trying unsuccessfully to conceive over the past 4 months. What is the best response for the nurse to make?

Increase intercourse frequency to four times a week around the time of ovulation.

What are the probable signs of pregnancy that would be noted in a woman? Select all that apply.

Positive Goodell sign Ballottement

A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a normal male client. Which finding would be considered abnormal in the exam?

Testes measure 6 cm long by 4 cm wide.

A client calls the clinic nurse crying, saying that she just can't live with herself since she had an abortion 2 months ago. What is the priority referral for the nurse to make?

The local mental health crisis center

The nurse is completing the initial assessment at the prenatal visit of a pregnant client. Which question should the nurse prioritize when completing the review of systems?

"Have you had any urinary tract infections?"

A client who is scheduled for hysteroscopy says to a nurse, 'I thought I would be able to have children, but now I know that will never be possible." Which response would be most appropriate for the nurse to make?

"I will call the health care provider to come visit with you."

The nurse is providing education regarding fetal kicks/movement to a 22 weeks primigravid in the family planning clinic. Which client statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will document fetal kicks/movement daily and they should be 10 every 2 hours."

The nurse is providing education to a male client on vasectomy. What teaching should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

"The vas deferens is cut or cauterized to stop the passage of sperm." "You can resume sexual intercourse in about one week."

During a health education session, a teenage client asks the nurse when she should have her first "Pap test." How should the nurse reply?

"When you turn 21 y/o."

A patient is 12 weeks' pregnant and asks the nurse about dental care. Which is the best response?

"You should continue to see your dentist regularly for preventive care, but avoid any nonemergent dental work until after the baby is born."

A patient at 6 weeks' gestation asks if she can listen to the fetal heart sounds. The nurse informs the patient that fetal heart sounds cannot be heard with a Doppler until when?

10 to 12 weeks

A primigravida client has presented for her first prenatal visit and is concerned about the potential weight gain and the struggle to lose the weight after the baby's birth. How much weight should the nurse recommend this client with a normal BMI gain during her pregnancy to ensure a healthy fetus?

30 to 35 lbs

A 35-year-old client has been told to keep her pulse rate below 140 bpm during workouts because she pregnant. This means that the client will be working roughly what percentage of the suggested pulse rate?

75%

A married couple, both age 27, is in the reproductive clinic and have been trying for a year to become pregnant. In a year, what percent of couples usually do conceive?

90%

In which situation is the nurse correct to document a reactive nonstress test? Select all that apply.

At least 2 accelerations of the fetal heart rate Variability noted in the fetal monitor strip The mother noting fetal movement and/or fetal kicks

The nursing instructor is presenting a session on the cellular division involved in the reproduction of human life. Which statement indicates the group's need for further education?

At ovulation, the gametes unite to form the cell that becomes the developing fetus.

At a 12-week visit, the nurse assesses a pregnant woman who is questioning what the baby may look like at this point. Based on the current stage, which structures would the nurse point out to the client?

Audible heartbeat and identifiable sex characteristics

A pregnant client in her third trimester, lying supine on the examination table, suddently grows very short of breath and dizzy. Concerned, she asks the nurse what is happening. Which response should the nurse prioritize?

Blood is trapped in the vena cava in a supine position.

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who just had an uterine endometrial biopsy. What is the nurse's priority discharge teaching?

Call the clinic with the date of her next menses

During the physical exam at the first prenatal visit a speculum exam is performed. What sign of pregnancy does the practitioner look for during the speculum exam?

Chadwicks sign

Increased pigmentation on the face of some pregnant women is called:

Chloasma

A woman is concerned about the safety of continuing coitus with her partner during pregnancy. Which suggestion should the nurse mention to her? Select all that apply.

Coitus is to be avoided after your membranes have ruptured. Coitus is generally not harmful to the fetus. Partner oral-female genital contact due to risk of air embolism. A nonmonogamous sexual partner should wear a condom

The client at her 32 week gestation appointment expresses concern regarding lower extremity edema and bulging leg veins. Which suggestions by the nurse are helpful? Select all that apply.

Complete moderate exercise daily. Wear compression stockings.

A mother has just given birth to a baby. Assessment reveals that the the color of the baby's irises is abnormal and contains white specks. The nurse would suspect which condition?

Down syndrome

Which would be a normal finding by the nurse during a physical exam of a woman in her third trimester?

Dyspnea

The majority of pregnancy terminations are done in cases in which the pregnancy threatens the mother's life.

False

The nurse is performing an assessment of a woman who has come to a health care facility for a diagnosis of pregnancy. The women is positive for breast changes, nausea, and amenorrhea. On physical exam, it is noted that the client has softening of the cervix. How should the nurse document this in her notes?

Goodell sign

What physical changes take place when a woman becomes pregnant? Select all that apply.

Heart rate increases 10 to 15 beats per minute. The areola becomes more prominent. Nasal congestion increases due to edema.

The nursing instructor is illustrating the various phases of the uterine cycle to a group of nursing students. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which action occuring during the secretory phase?

If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates and hormonal levels fall.

A nurse is providing care to a pregnant woman. To promote optimal outcomes, the nurse would engage in which activity? Select all that apply.

Individualized assessment Counseling Teaching

What changes does the cervix undergo in preparation for childbirth? Select all that apply.

It produces mucus to lubricate the vaginal canal. It protects the uterus from infection. It opens up to allow passage of the infant.

A woman in her early 40s comes into the family planning clinic with complaints of stress incontinence. What past history finding would be considered contributory to this problem?

Perineal lacerations during her last delivery

Blood work results show that a client has a luteal defect, which is suspected to be the primary cause of her subfertility. The nurse explains that this condition is generally corrected by which of the following?

Progesterone vaginal suppositories

Which physical signs would a parent note in a child who is entering puberty? Select all that apply.

Pubic hair in both genders Breast buds Deepening of voice in males Penile growth

The nurse is preparing to help a young couple who have been unsuccessful in conceiving for the past 3 months. Which factor should the nurse prioritize for the woman as she begins this process?

Rubella titer or immunization status

The nurse is educating the client at 12 weeks' gestation regarding the best types of exercise throughout pregnancy. Which activities should the nurse encourage?

Stretching and breathing exercises such as yoga

In evaluating expected outcomes of a client, what might a nurse consider priority when working with genetic counseling? (Select all that apply.)

The couple receives test results timely. The couple states understanding of inheritance. The couple demonstrates positive coping skills.

What purpose does amniotic fluid serve in fetal development? Select all that apply.

To allow the fetus to move about in-utero Reservoir for fetal urine and respiratory tract secretions

A petite pregnant client is concerned that she will be unable to deliver vaginally due to her small size. Which procedure should the nurse point out will help to confirm the manual measurements obtained of her pelvis and provide information which will help determine the best method of delivery for her?

Ultrasonography

The nurse is reviewing the process of oocyte maturation and ovulation with a client. What occurs during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle that the nurse should include in the teaching session?

Under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone, several follicles begin to ripen, and the ovum with each begins to mature.

There are many steps in the process of genetic counseling and testing. Put these steps in the correct chronological order from first to last. All options must be used.

assessment of family history physical examination of parents nuchal translucency screening amniocentesis explain results of genetic testing support couple in adjusting to diagnosis

A nurse is receiving a client from the post anesthesia unit to the recovery unit at the ambulatory surgery center. The client just had a laparoscopic tubal ligation. Which is the nurse's priority assessment?

bleeding

A nurse is providing education related to genetic testing. What would be the benefits that the nurse would explain to the client? Select all that apply.

ethnically tied diseases inborn errors of metabolism

Following her first prenatal visit, a woman will be scheduled for a sonogram to confirm pregnancy length and document healthy fetal growth at 3 to 5 weeks of pregnancy. True or false?

false

A client comes to the clinic for a medical termination of pregnancy. Which potential complications should the nurse point out are possible with this type of procedure? Select all that apply.

incomplete abortion prolonged bleeding

A woman is undergoing testing which provides a picture-like analysis of the number, form, and size of the woman's chromosomes. The nurse identifies this as:

karyotyping

The school nurse is teaching a group of adolescent females about the menstrual cycle. The nurse determines the session is successful when the group correctly chooses which phase as part of the ovarian cycle?

luteal phase

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Which finding would the nurse most likely assess? Select all that apply.

oral temperature of 102°F (39°C) painful urination tenderness with cervical motion negative pregnancy history

The nurse is assessing a client who believes she is pregnant. The nurse points out a more definitive assessment is necessary due to which sign being considered a probable sign of pregnancy?

positive home pregnancy test

A woman comes to the clinic reporting her period is late and she is wondering if she is pregnant. Which assessment findings by the nurse would indicate she is exhibiting probable signs of pregnancy? Select all that apply.

positive pregnancy test ballottement softening of the cervix

The nurse is preparing to meet with a couple who have requested counseling concerning family planning. The nurse will prioritize which topics for discussion?

possible genetic abnormalities

Put the phases of the menstrual cycle in correct order from first to last.

proliferative phase secretory phase ischemic phase menses phase

When educating parents on the incidence of genetically associated childhood cancers, the nurse will discuss which cancers? Select all that apply.

retinoblasoma Wilms tumor neuroblastoma

As part of a 31-year-old client's prenatal care, the nurse is assessing immunization history. Which immunization is most relevant to ensuring a healthy fetus?

rubella

After teaching a class on the female reproductive system, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which action as the primary function of the ovaries?

secreting estrogen and progesterone

The nurse is explaining the various male internal reproductive sturctures in a high school health class. The nurse determines the class is successful when the class correctly chooses which structure as responsible for sperm production?

seminiferous tubules

A couple has come to the infertility clinic because they have been unable to get pregnant even though they have been trying for over a year. Diagnostic tests are planned for the woman to ascertain if ovulation is regular and whether her endometrium is adequately supported for implantation. What test would the nurse expect to have ordered for this woman?

serum progesterone

Which condition is the most commonly occurring chromosomal disorder?

trisomy 21

The nurse is reinforcing health care provider education on the technique for an amniocentesis. Which piece of equipment will the nurse have ready?

ultrasound equipment

The nurse teaches a primigravida client that lightening occurs about 2 weeks before the onset of labor. What will the mother likely experience at that time?

urinary frequency

Gestational diabetes occurs around the 24th week of gestation. When should every woman be screened for gestational diabetes?

between 24 and 28 weeks' gestation

A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old with trisomy 21. Which assessment is the priority?

cardiac

A pregnant female is to undergo testing to assess the karyotype of her fetus. When planning this client's care, the nurse would expect to prepare the woman for which test? Select all that apply.

chorionic villi sampling amniocentesis

Before beginning the initial prenatal examination, a nurse should instruct a client to complete what procedure before undressing?

clean catch urine

A nurse should instruct a client who has secondary erectile dysfunction related to type 2 diabetes to make which lifestyle modification?

control blood sugars

A nurse is providing education to a couple who have just been told their unborn fetus has Down syndrome. The nurse should explain that this is what type of genetic abnormality?

duplication

The nurse is conducting the 20-week obstetrics assessment on a client who is questioning the nurse about the development of the fetus. Which new occurring developments can the nurse point out to this client?

eyebrows and scalp hair are present

The nurse is discussing the insulin needs of a primaparous client with diabetes who has been using insulin for the past few years. The nurse informs the client that her insulin needs will increase during pregnancy based on the nurse's understanding that the placenta produces:

hPL, which deceases the effectiveness of insulin

Which vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy since they may transmit a viral infection to the fetus? Select all that apply.

measles mumps rubella

A nurse is providing a client with information on hormonal contraception. Which could the nurse use as an example of hormonal contraception?

medroxyprogesterone

Which question would be most important for a nurse to ask a G2 P1 client who has a child with sickle cell anemia?

"Did you and your partner get genetic testing?"

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about obtaining a blood sample for an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. Which response by the client indicates that the health teaching was successful?

"If my AFP level is high, it could mean there is a problem with my baby's spinal cord."

The nurse is counseling a couple who are concerned about vitamin D-resistant rickets, an X-linked dominant disorder, because a member of the father's family has this disorder. Which statement by the couple indicates that more teaching is necessary?

"If the father doesn't have the gene, then his daughter won't have rickets."

A nurse is educating a client on the basal body temperature method as a form of contraception. Which statement by the client indicates and understanding of when she can expect to see a rise in her temperature?

"Immediately following ovulation my temperature will increase."

In teaching a fertility class, what is the most appropriate method for the nurse to explain self-ovulation monitoring that promotes conception?

14 days before the next menses is expected

A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a diaphragm. What is the maximum time the nurse would advise the client that she can keep a diaphragm in place? Fill in the blank with a number.

24 hours

A client is requesting information on the various available contraceptives. When explaining a vaginal spermicide, which information should the nurse prioritize?

Insert the product by applicator in the vagina several hours prior to intercourse.

A client with liver disease is seen in the clinic wanting to begin contraception. The nurse recognizes that which type of contraception is best for this client?

Vaginal estrogen/progestin ring

A 40-year-old female client with a chronic pelvic infection expresses her desire to conceive post-treatment. When discussing this with the client the nurse keeps in mind that the client is at increased risk for which of the following?

ectopic pregnancy

Assessment reveals that a male client is experiencing a decrease in the amount of semen produced during ejaculation. The nurse suspects that which male reproductive structure may be involved?

ejaculatory ducts

A nurse is assessing a woman who has come into the clinic. The nurse obtains a sample of the client's cervical mucus and notes ferning. The nurse interprets this finding to indicate high levels of which hormone?

estrogen

Which of a client's cells are most likely to reproduce by meiosis?

ova

A woman has just been prescribed clomiphene citrate to stimulate ovulation. Which possible effect should the nurse warn the woman about?

overstimulation of the ovary resulting in potential multiple births

A nurse is teaching a class about natural methods of birth control. Which group would the nurse identify as a good candidate for these methods of family planning? Select all that apply.)

perimenopausal women postpartal women

Male and female reproductive systems are complementary; for example, male testes and female ovaries; male scrotum and female labia majora; and male glans penis and female clitoris. What part of the female system is homologous to the spermatic cord in the male?

round ligaments

A woman comes to the clinic reporting that she has little sexual desire. As part of the client's evaluation, the nurse would anticipate the need to evaluate which hormone level?

testosterone

A 22-year-old female client asks about forms of chemical barrier contraception. The nurse tells the client that which is a form of a chemical barrier contraceptive?

vaginal foam

A female client who has chosen the cervical cap as her method of contraception states that she knows how to use it. Which statement by the client would indicate to the nurse that the client does understand this method of contraception?

"I do not have any spermicidal allergies, so this method is OK for me."

Which statement by a pregnant client would validate that she understood the nurse's teaching regarding the risk of venous stasis during pregnancy?

"My clotting times and bleeding times will be unchanged during this pregnancy even though I am at higher risk of clots in my leg vein."

After teaching a woman about healthy lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful based on which statement by the woman about traveling during pregnancy? Select all that apply.

"When traveling by car or plane, I need to get up every 1 to 2 hours to prevent clots in my legs." "There isn't any risk associated with air travel, other than being away from my primary provider."

During a vaginal exam, the nurse notes that the lower uterine segment is softened. The nurse documents this finding as:

Hegar sign

The client is reporting pain when the nurse begins the insertion of a urinary catheter. What measure can the nurse take to facilitate comfort for this client?

Identify the urethral meatus between the labia minora, avoiding the clitoris.

The nurse has been working with a subfertile couple through the process of determining their best plan of action to conceive a child. Which action should the nurse prioritize to provide emotional support to this couple?

Speak both separately and together with both partners.

A couple consults with the nurse regarding their infertility issues. The female says "I don't know what I have done so bad that God would punish me like this." What would be the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this couple?

Spiritual distress related to inability to conceive

A woman has a positive pregnancy test and comes to the nurse with left lower quadrant pain. Bimanual examination reveals a tender mass. Which of the following is suspected?

Tubal pregnancy

A nurse is providing medication education to a teen client who is being prescribed an oral contraceptive. Which of the side effects are more important for the nurse to discuss with the client? Select all that apply.

Weight gain Breakthrough bleeding Depression

Assessment reveals that a couple is at risk for having a child with a genetic disorder that would arise from the mother. After teaching the couple about reproductive alternatives, the nurse determines that additional discussion is needed when the couple identifies which alternative as being appropriate?

alternative insemination by donor

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about physical changes that can occur in pregnancy. Which conditions are associated with physical changes in pregnancy? Select all that apply.

nasal stuffiness and sinus problems thoracic breathing instead of abdominal breathing swollen and tender gums

A clinic nurse is interviewing a young client during a subfertility work up. When the client asks the nurse what causes infertility, the nurse informs the client that the problem can rest with the man, the woman, or both. What does the nurse tell the client are common problem areas related to the woman? Select all that apply.

ovulation tubal transport impaired implantation

A client who is entering her third trimester comes to the prenatal clinic for a follow-up examination. When assessing the breasts, which findings would the nurse expect? Select all that apply.

prominent veins hyperpigmentation of the nipple increased sensitivity

A pregnant client is concerned about genetic inheritance and asks the nurse which tests she can expect to undergo. What is the appropriate response by the nurse? Select all that apply.

sonogram amniocentesis umbilical blood sampling cfDNA testing

A nurse is evaluating a care plan for a 14-year-old client who recently had a baby. The physician prescribed the client to take a daily oral contraceptive. What might cause the nurse to question this order?

the patient is hispanic

The nurse is providing prenatal care to a young couple who is pregnant with their first child. In what period of development would the nurse explain to the couple that most congenital defects would occur?

the period of the embryo

A couple who has just been diagnosed with unexplained subfertility is participating in counseling to review their options. Which information would most likely be included? Select all that apply.

therapeutic insemination donor egg transfer in vitro fertilization child-free living

Green tea should be avoided during pregnancy. true or false?

true

A nurse practitioner working in a high-risk pregnancy clinic is mentoring a new graduate nurse. The new nurse asks if there are any ways to diagnose Down syndrome prior to birth other than an amniocentesis. The nurse tells the new nurse that another test that can diagnose the disorder prior to birth. Which test would the nurse practitioner most likely include?

ultrasound

A pregnant client at 10-weeks' gestation asks the nurse if the developing fetus can get infections. The nurse explains that until about 24 weeks' gestation the cytotrophoblast layer of cells protects the fetus from certain infections. The cytotrophoblast layer will protect against which of these infections? Select all that apply.

Syphilis Gonorrhea Group B streptococcus

The nurse is examining a woman who came to the clinic because she thinks she is pregnant. Which data collected by the nurse are presumptive signs of her pregnancy? Select all that apply.

breast changes amenorrhea morning sickness

The nurse is providing care to a woman who has come to the clinic for suggestions about contraception. When determining the recommendation for a client, which factor would be most important for the nurse to integrate into the plan of care?

client's ability to tolerate side effects

The nurse is prepraing to assess a young woman's external genitalia. The nurse predicts the client is currently in the most fertile phase of the menstrual cycle based on which assessment finding of the vaginal mucus drainage?

distensible, stretchable quality

The nurse is discussing permanent birth control with a female patient and her husband. Which of the following is considered a permanent nonsurgical sterilization methods?

ensure

A nurse is instructing a pregnant woman about monitoring fetal movements and informs her that normally the fetus will move the same amount every day. The nurse also adds that the client may notice an unusual increase or decrease in movement, explaining that this is due to which situation?

response to a need for oxygen

The nurse is teaching a family planning class at a health fair. Which physiologic change during the plateau stage of sexual response will the nurse point out?

retraction of the clitoris

A group of student nurses are comparing the various events which take place during the sexual arousal of both males and females. The students are able to correctly point out which event is one of the underlying physiologic responses after the session?

vasocongestion

The nurse is conducting a prenatal class for a group of primigravida clients. Which instruction will the nurse prioritize when teaching about breast care?

wash the nipples with clean water only

A nurse is interviewing a couple at a preconception counseling session. The couple is of Greek heritage and are concerned about the possibility of their children being born with a genetic disorder. Based on the nurse's understanding of genetic disorders, the nurse would identify this couple as being at risk for which conditon?

β-thalassemia

A pregnant client presents for her first prenatal visit. She informs the nurse that she had an ectopic pregnancy 3 years ago. She ask the nurse if this would happen this time. Which response by the nurse would be best?

"Your statistical risk of another tubal pregnancy is increased."

The nurse is assigned to clients who are having the following procedures: Amniocentesis, Fetal nonstress test, Chorionic villus sampling, Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling, Doppler assessment of fetal heart rate. For which clients will the nurse ensure that the informed consent is on the chart?

Amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

A nurse is assessing a client who has come to the office to find out if she is pregnant after a home pregnancy test was positive. The nurse will record the client's last menstrual period in which component of her medical record?

Chief concern/complaint

The nurse is teaching a class about conception. The nurse explains to the participant that which factors are necessary for conception to occur? Select all that apply.

Equal maturation of both sperm and ovum Ability of the sperm to reach the ovum Ability of the sperm to penetrate the ovum

A nurse is teaching a group of women about the sexual response cycle. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group correctly chooses certain events that occur due to vasocongestion during the sexual response cycle. Select all that apply.

Erection of the penis and the clitoris Enlargement of the labia and testicles Lubricates the vagina

The nurse is counseling a young woman who has just entered her second trimester, after an uneventful first trimester. She tells the nurse, "It still doesn't seem real. It's just hard to believe that I will really have a baby." Which future events should the nurse point out that will help the young woman come to believe it is real? Select all that apply.

Feeling the baby kick Seeing an ultrasound image of the baby

After the nurse describes fetal circulation to a pregnant woman, the woman asks why her fetus has a different circulation pattern than hers. When responding to the client, the nurse integrates understanding of what information?

Fetal circulation carries highly oxygenated blood to vital areas first.

A nurse working in a clinic that focuses on genetic counseling identifies which component as important when assessing clients for genetic disorders? Select all that apply.

Health history Physical examination of family members Laboratory analysis Pattern of inheritance in a family

A nurse practitioner (NP) is presenting information about birth control pills to a group of young women. One of the women in the group asks the NP, "When would birth control pills not be a good idea?" Which situation would the nurse include as a possible contraindication for the use of birth control pills? Select all that apply.

History of thromboembolic disease Family history of cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease 40 years or older Smoking

The birth attendant has ordered an ultrasound for a pregnant woman to determine the gestational age of the fetus. What other information may be obtained by this test? Select all that apply.

Location of the placenta Gender of the fetus Fetal head size

The nurse is documenting subjective and objective data changes from a client at 34 weeks' gestation. Which would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider? Select all that apply.

Scant spotting on underwear Sharp abdominal pain

A young patient comes to the clinic and reports feeling a fullness in her breasts. Upon further examination, the physician determines that the patient is pregnant. When teaching the patient about other expected changes in the breasts, which information would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Secondary areolae develop Overall breast size increases Blue streaking of veins become prominent Colostrum expelled as early as the 16th week

A young mother in a prenatal class asks the nurse why there is amniotic fluid in the uterus with her baby. Which functions of the amniotic fluid should the nurse point out to the client? Select all that apply.

Shields the fetus against pressure or a blow to the mother's abdomen Protects the fetus from changes in temperature

The nurse is assessing a male client who is concerned about his ability to produce enough sperm to have a child. He tells the nurse, "I have had some issues in my younger years." What questions would be important for the nurse to ask this client? Select all that apply.

"Do you use drugs or use alcohol excessively? "Are you exposed to X-rays or other radioactive substances?" "Have you ever had any type of trauma or surgery on or near your testicles?"

A newly married couple asks the nurse which "natural" way of family planning would be most effective in preventing pregnancy. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"The basal body temperature method is simple and has a low failure rate."

A client has been given instructions about a scheduled sonohysterosalpingogram. Which statement, if made by the client, should indicate to a nurse that the client has an adequate understanding of the instructions?

"They will place a catheter in my uterus and use an ultrasound to see what the problem is."

A nurse is helping a patient prepare for ultrasound examination. Which intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse to implement?

Have the patient drink several full glasses of water before the procedure

During a preconception teaching session, the nurse tells participants to increase their intake of which food groups to reduce the incidence of neural tube disorders? Select all that apply.

Leafy green vegetables Sunflower seeds Orange fruits

What effect does progesterone have on normal gallbladder function?

Progesterone interferes with gallbladder contraction, leading to stasis of bile.

A woman is preparing for intauterine insemination because she has been unable to conceive with her husband for more than 18 months. The woman demonstrates understanding of the procedure when she identifies which action as important in preparing for this procedure? Select all that apply.

Recording basal body temperature (BBT). Assessing cervical mucus. Using an ovulation predictor kit.

A nurse is conducting an in-service program for a group of perinatal nurses. After teaching the group about autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance patterns, the nurse determines that the group needs additional teaching when they identify which condition as an example of an autosomal dominant disorder?

Tay-Sachs disease

A pregnant woman of Jewish descent comes to the clinic for counseling and tells the nurse that she is worried her baby may be born with a genetic disorder. Which disease does the nurse identify to be a risk for this client's baby based on the family's ancestry?

Tay-sachs

Which of the following occurs in the male during the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle?

The male experiences a period during which he is incapable of sexual response.

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation depicting the fetal circulation. The instructor determines the presentation is successful when the students correctly illustrate which route for the ductus arteriosus?

The pulmonary artery to the aorta

A nurse is preparing a patient for rhythm strip testing. She places the woman into a semi-Fowler's position. What is the appropriate rationale for this measure?

To prevent supine hypotension syndrome

Which actions would protect a fetus from exposure to environmental teratogens?

Use gloves when handling any chemicals.

A nurse is engaged in primary prevention activities for HPV. The nurse would be most likely involved with which activity?

administering HPV vaccine

A pregnant client is scheduled to undergo percutaneous umbilical blood sampling. The nurse understands that the rationale for this test would be to identify which disorder?

anemia

Which type of Mendelian inherited condition results in both genders being affected equally in a vertical pattern?

automosomal dominant inheritance

The nursing instructor is preparing a class presentation covering the various hormones and their functions during pregnancy. The instructor determines the class is successful when the class correctly matches which function with hCG?

continues progesterone production by corpus luteum

A newborn is diagnosed with ophthalmia neonatorum. The nurse understands that this newborn was exposed to which infection?

gonorrhea

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of middle school girls on menstruation. Which structures involved in the physiology of the cycle would the nurse expect to discuss? Select all that apply.

hypothalamus pituitary gland ovaries uterus

A nurse conducting a presentation for a group of nurses explains the changes in various body systems related to pregnancy. The nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the group chooses which component as contributing to the pregnant woman's hypercoagulable state?

increased number of red blood cells

The nursing instructor is teaching a class on the menstrual cycle. The instrucor determines the class is successful when the class correctly chooses which hormone that is responsible for initating ovulation?

luteinizing hormone

A nurse is preparing to sign an informed consent form for a client undergoing an hysterosalpingogram. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the procedure?

"This will break up the scar tissue from the infection that I had 3 years ago."

During a prenatal class for a group of new mothers, the nurse is describing the hormones produced by the placenta. What hormones would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

estriol relaxin progestin human chorionic somatomammotropin

In assessing the dietary intake over the last 24 hours of a pregnant client, which food would be most concerning to the nurse?

smoked salmon and bagels

A woman who is planning to become pregnant comes to the clinic for a visit. During the visit, the woman tells the nurse that she is planning to use a home pregnancy test to check if she is pregnant. After teaching the woman about this type of test, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed based on which client statement?

"I can test my urine a day or two before the date of my expected period."

The nurse is seeing a client who is going to be married in a month. This client has a history of Huntington disease in her family. The genetic testing has come back, and the client has just been told she carries the gene for Huntington disease and will develop the disease when she gets older. The client asks the nurse if this information is confidential and if it will remain that way. The nurse explains to the client that her family should be told and so should her fiancé. The client forcefully tells the nurse "no." She is not going to tell either her family or her fiancé. What is the nurse's best response?

"I will respect your wishes and keep your information confidential. I do wish you would reconsider though"

The nurse is caring for a couple who are trying to get pregnant and have not been able to for over a year. The nurse explains to the couple that diagnostic testing usually begins on the male partner, as these tests are easier. The couple asks what kind of problems a man can have that can cause infertility. What should be the nurse's response?

"Men can have problems that increase the temperature around their testicles, which decreases the quality of their semen."

The nurse educates a client who is confused about her ovarian cycle. Which client statement would best validate her understanding of the education?

"Two hormones control my ovulation, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)."

Following an initial prenatal visit, a woman's rubella titer results were less than 1:8. On her next visit, the woman asks what this test result means. Which is the best answer to this woman's question about her rubella titer results?

"You are susceptible to a rubella viral invasion."

A young couple, 8 weeks pregnant with their first child, are being assessed at their first prenatal visit. Which response from the nurse is most accurate when questioned about scheduling an ultrasound to find out the gender of the baby?

16 weeks

A client in her first trimester is concerned about how weight gain will affect her appearance and questions the nurse concerning dietary restrictions. How much weight gain should the nurse point out will be safe for this client with a low BMI?

28 to 40 pounds (13 to 18 kilograms)

After completing an assessment, the nurse suspects a woman has confused implantation bleeding with her period. The nurse predicts the woman is at which week in her pregnancy?

4 weeks

A genetic nurse is taking a health history for a 5-year-old female client with Cri-du-Chat syndrome. How will the nurse note this genetic disorder in the documentation?

46XY5-

The experienced nurse working in a fertility clinic understands the stress couples experience when they have to "schedule" sexual relations. Which suggestion would be most helpful to a couple to help prevent further stress on their relationship?

Begin a new activity together.

A 35-year-old female client who is unable to conceive is scheduled for a hysterosalpingogram to assess tubal patency. Which of the following would the nurse ensure before the client undergoes the hysterosalpingogram?

Client has just completed her menses

A client wants to know if she can engage in intercourse during pregnancy. Which information should the nurse confirm to ensure that sexual intercourse or orgasm is not contraindicated in the client? Select all that apply.

Client is not at risk for preterm labor. Client does not face a risk of threatened abortion.

During the initial assessment of a preterm infant, it is noted that the infant has a heart murmur. Which shunt from fetal life most likely remains open?

Ductus arteriosus

The nurse knows that to give competent care related to family planning, it is important to do which of the following? Select all that apply.

Establish realistic outcomes. Be sensitive to religious, cultural, and moral beliefs. Explore his or her own beliefs and values.

A new patient has come to the clinic. While the nurse is taking the patient's history, the patient tells the nurse she is trying to get pregnant and she is very fearful she will have another miscarriage. She states she has lost two pregnancies and she shares with the nurse that she does not know why she lost the babies. Based on this patient's history, what recommendation should the nurse make at the present time?

Instruct her on chromosome testing studies

A couple has just learned that their unborn son has a chromosome disorder that results in an extra X chromosome. The primary care provider explains that secondary sex characteristics will not develop in this child at puberty and that his testes will remain small and produce ineffective sperm. The nurse recognizes that this child likely has:

Klinefelter syndrome.

A client at 32 weeks' gestation telephones the health care provider's office asking if omeprazole 20mg daily is safe to take as she is experiencing heartburn. When reviewing the over-the-counter medication, the nurse notes a Pregnancy category C listed. Which would be the nurse's first action?

Offer to speak with the health care provider and then return her call.

The pregnant mother and her partner ask the nurse why the health care provider chose a chorionic villus sampling (CVS) procedure over an amniocentesis. The nurse is correct to highlight which benefits of CVS over amniocentesis. Select all that apply.

Quicker results Able to be completed earlier in pregnancy

While conducting a class for a group of pregnant women in their first trimester, one of the woman asks, "How is my baby's sex determined?" Which factors should the nurse include in the response? Select all that apply.

The male gamete is responsible for sex determination. The Y chromosome contains the genes for maleness.

A woman is only 30 weeks pregnant, but the physician determines that the fetus must be delivered for the safety of the mother. The physician orders a glucocorticosteroid injection to be given. Why does the physician order this injection?

To promote the formation of surfactant in the fetal lungs

A nurse is conducting a nutrition class for a group of pregnant women. What information accurately addresses this issue? Select all that apply.

Total iron requirements equal 1,000 mg, with the greatest need being in the second trimester. Calcium supplements may decrease the chance of developing pre-eclampsia in women who had a pre-existing deficiency. Since an iodine deficiency can cause intellectual deficits in infants, mothers are recommended to use iodized salt.

A woman in her first trimester of pregnancy has noted an increase in a thick, whitish vaginal discharge even though she showers daily. The woman shares this information with the clinic nurse who provides some client education on the topic of leukorrhea. Which interventions should be addressed in this discussion? Select all that apply.

Wear cotton underwear during the day. A perineal pad to absorb the discharge may help.

The nurse is teaching a young couple, who desire to start their family, the various methods for determining fertility. After discovering the woman regulary travels internationally for work, deals with a lot of job anxiety and frequently uses an electric blanket at home, the nurse will discourage the use of which method?

basal body method

The nursing instructor is teaching a session comparing the various phases of the menstrual and uterine cycles. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which hormone that is responsible for regulating the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle?

estrogen

A nurse calls the mother of a 1-month-old infant to conduct preappointment education for genetic screening. What item would the nurse suggest that the client bring to the appointment that will aid in the genetic assessment?

family photos

The nurse is developing a presentation for a community group of young adults discussing fetal development and pregnancy. The nurse would identify that the sex of offspring is determined at the time of:

fertilization

A young female patient who is about to go overseas on active duty in the army comes to the clinic and asks for birth control. After discussing the different options with the patient, which of the following would the nurse suggest as best for this patient?

low-dose estrogen/progestin pill (Lybrel)

A nurse is conducting a routine well-check assessment on an 18-year-old female who is experiencing normal menstrual cycles. When the client questions the nurse concerning the menstrual process, the nurse can point out which hormone is primarily responsible for ovulation?

luteinizing hormone

A 39-year-old woman is pregnant with her first child and appears to be thrilled about it. Now in her second trimester, she talks enthusiastically with the nurse about the latest maternity clothes she has bought and models them for the nurse. She also discusses the latest trends in health foods, which she has adopted since learning of her pregnancy. The nurse interprets this information as reflecting which primary emotional response to pregnancy?

narcissism

Which occupation may expose a fetus to environmental hazards? Select all that apply.

nurse anesthetist working in a busy oral surgeon's office oncology nurse working in an outpatient chemotherapy unit nurse working for a pulmonologist who administers inhalation ribavirin routinely to the client population

The nursing instructor is teaching a class on the various hormones necessary for a successful pregnancy and birthing process. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which hormone as being necessary after birth to ensure growth of the newborn?

prolactin

A nurse is teaching a class on pregnancy prevention to a group of teenagers. What should the nurse include as potential adverse affects to the child who results from an unplanned pregnancy? Select all that apply.

risk for low birth weight risk of dying in the first year risk of being abused risk of not receiving sufficient resources for healthy development

The nurse has been teaching a community class for couples planning a pregnancy and is illustrating the male reproductive system and function in this session. The nurse should point out which structure's secretions provide nourishment for the sperm during ejaculation?

seminal vesicles

The nurse is reviewing all of the documentation on determining estimated date of delivery. Which objective data is included? Select all that apply.

sonogram fundal height calculating Naegele rule

A woman using the cervical mucus ovulation method of fertility awareness reports that her cervical mucus looks like egg whites. The nurse interprets this as which kind of mucus?

spinnbarkeit mucus

When discussing reproductive options with a couple in which the female is a carrier of a genetic disorder, what are the most appropriate suggestions by the nurse? Select all that apply.

surrogate mother alternative insemination transfer surrogate egg donor natural conception sterilization

A pregnant woman is undergoing testing on her first prenatal visit. A blood specimen is obtained for a rapid plasma reagin test. The nurse explains that this test will evaluate for which condition?

syphilis

A woman who is pregnant for the first time has arrived to the labor department thinking she was in labor only to be diagnosed with Braxton Hicks contractions and sent home. Prior to leaving their unit, the woman asks, "How will I know when it is 'true' labor?" Which signs/symptoms should the woman assoicate with true labor? Select all that apply.

pain in back that wraps across the abdomen that increases in frequency and intensity pink-tinged blood and mucus mixture on underwear sudden gush of clear fluid coming from the vagina

A client is at 20 weeks' gestation and is scheduled for a fetal survey with ultrasound. The nurse teaches the client about the test The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client identifies that the ultrasound will reveal which information about the placenta? Select all that apply.

placement of the placenta

The police have brought a young female to the emergency department after they raided a "crack" house and found this female passed out and bleeding from her "bottom." This female is pregnant and is likely bleeding related to which complication of cocaine use during pregnancy? Select all that apply.

premature dislodgement of the placenta spontaneous miscarriage

A woman has opted to use the basal body temperature method for contraception. The nurse instructs the client that a rise in basal body temperature indicates which event?

ovulation

A nurse working in an OB clinic meets a female who is 4 to 6 weeks pregnant. Lab results reveal she is positive for syphilis, so she is treated with IM penicillin. Later in the pregnancy, she is retested, and her serum titer results continue to increase. How should the nurse interpret these results?

The female has been reinfected with syphilis.

An infant was born at term but has intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). What findings in the infant's history would contribute to this problem? Select all that apply.

Maternal smoking Intrauterine infection of the fetus

A 27-year-old client is in the first trimester of an unplanned pregnancy. She acknowledges that it would be best if she were to quit smoking now that she is pregnant, but states that it would be too difficult given her 13 pack-year history and circle of friends who also smoke. She asks the nurse, "Why exactly is it so important for me to quit? I know lots of smokers who have happy, healthy babies." What can the nurse tell the client about the potential effects of smoking in pregnancy?

"Babies of women who smoke tend to weigh significantly less than other infants."

A young woman is having trouble conceiving and has come in to the office for fertility testing. She states that she has irregular and unpredictable menstrual cycles. On blood testing, it is found that her ovaries are producing excess testosterone, which is lowering her follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her subfertility?

Anovulation

Which instruction should the nurse give to a client with genital herpes to help control the infection?

Avoid sexual contact until sores heal.

A nurse is educating a primigravida client about the expected changes during pregnancy. Which measure will provide anticipatory guidance about pregnancy?

Avoid wearing high heels, especially during late pregnancy.

The nurse is counseling a couple who suspect that they could bear a child with a genetic abnormality. What would be most important for the nurse to do when working with this family?

Present the information in a factual, nondirective manner.

A nurse is counseling a 17-year-old girl on the importance of contraception. The girl states that she is not really concerned about getting pregnant; she says that she will deal with it if and when it happens. Which point should the nurse emphasize with the client regarding the risks of unintended pregnancies? Select all that apply.

The woman is less likely to seek prenatal care. The woman is less likely to breastfeed. The woman is less likely to protect her fetus from harmful substances. The woman is less likely to complete high school or college. The woman is more likely to require public assistance.

The nursing student is preparing a pamphlet which will illustrate the various hormones involved with a pregnancy. Which hormone should the nurse indicate is responsible for the let-down of breast milk in this pamphlet?

oxytocin

A woman is at 20 weeks' gestation. The nurse would expect to find the fundus at which area?

at the level of the umbilicus

A woman being assessed by the nurse reports that she is 6 weeks pregnant. If her report is accurate, when will the nurse predict the client conceived?

4 weeks ago

The nursing instructor is preparing to illustrate the various changes between the nonpregnant and pregnant female body. The instructor should point out the blood volume in the pregnant woman can increase by what percentage?

40% to 45%

A nurse is counseling a couple who have a 5-year-old daughter with Down syndrome. The nurse recognizes that their daughter's genome is represented by which chromosone combination?

47XX21+

A genetic nurse is taking a health history for a 45-year-old male client with Klinefelter syndrome. How will the nurse note this genetic disorder in the documentation?

47XXY

A genetic nurse is taking a health history for a 1-month-old male client with Edwards syndrome. How will the nurse note this genetic disorder in the documentation?

47XY18+

The parents are questioning why their newborn was born deaf when there are no other deaf family members. The nurse could explore possible exposure to a teratogenic agent at which stage of the pregnancy?

6 weeks

A woman at high risk for having a baby with a genetic disorder has chosen to have chorionic villi sampling (CVS) instead of amniocentesis. At which point in her pregnancy is this test performed?

8 to 10 weeks

A nurse is assessing a man who, along with his partner, has been having trouble conceiving. When assessing the man, which area would the nurse most likely include as possibly affecting his fertility?

A 24-hour food intake History of a sexually transmitted disease Testes exposed to radiation A job that requires sitting all day

A sex education class is being conducted at a local women's center. The attendees ask the professional conducting the class about why they experience sensations of increased warmth during sex and redness of the neck and chest. Which information would the professional provide to explain this experience? Select all that apply.

A person's heart rate increases during sex, making them warmer. The blood pressure will increase, which can cause a feeling of warmth. Vessels in the pelvis are receiving more blood and can cause a warm sensation.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of several couples who have attempted to conceive but have been unsuccessful. Which couple would the nurse most likely identify as benefitting from in vitro fertiliziation (IVF)? Select all that apply.

A woman who has blocked or damaged fallopian tubes A man who has oligospermia A woman who lacks cervical mucus A couple with unexplained subfertility of long duration

After teaching a class on the various structures formed by the embryonic membranes, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which structure as being formed by the mesoderm?

bones

Which information provided by a client would be considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy?

breast tenderness

A nurse practitioner working in a high-risk pregnancy clinic is mentoring a new graduate nurset. The new nurst asks if there are any ways to diagnose Down syndrome prior to birth other than an amniocentesis. The nurse tells the new nurse that another test that can diagnose the disorder prior to birth. Which test would the nurse practitioner most likely include?

ultrasound

A young woman says she needs a temporary contraceptive but has a latex allergy. She mentions that she has a papillomavirus infection. Also, she says she is terrible about remembering to take pills. Which method should the nurse recommend?

transdermal contraception

While talking with a pregnant woman who has undergone genetic testing, the woman informs the nurse that her baby will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of:

trisomy numeric abnormality.

A male client has undergone a semen analysis for evaluation of fertility. The nurse understands that which sperm count would suggest infertility?

18 million/mL

A nurse is discussing menstruation with a female client. The nurse describes a normal amount of blood loss is approximately:

25 to 60 mL

During the health assessment of a pregnant client who is 30 years old, the nurse discusses preventive breast care. Which recommendation would the nurse include?

"A breast examination by a health care provider can help detect if there are any structural problems that may affect breastfeeding."

A client at 39 weeks' gestation calls the OB triage and questions the nurse concerning a bloody mucous discharge noted in the toilet after an OB office visit several hours earlier. What is the best response from the triage nurse?

"A one time discharge of bloody mucus in the toilet might have been your mucous plug."

A woman is to undergo chorionic villus sampling as part of a risk assessment for genetic disorders. What statement would the nurse include when describing this test to the woman?

"A small piece of tissue from the fetal placenta will be removed and analyzed."

A nurse is educating a prenatal client at her second visit. The client is worried about "blotchy brown spots" on her forehead. The nurse reassures the client about this change by giving which appropriate response?

"Avoid sun because it will make the discoloring darker."

An older female pregnant with her first child develops some pain in her legs associated with warmth to touch. Suspecting a blood clot, an ultrasound is presribed and a peripheral venous thrombosis is diagnosed. Which intervention was likely prescribed for this woman?

"Buy and wear medical support hose every day."

A pregnant woman notices that sometimes her heart beat is irregular when she is lying down resting on her back. The provider suspects she is experiencing low blood pressure. Which intervention would the health care provider suggest to the woman to prevention this from occurring? Select all that apply.

"Change positions slowly to allow pooled blood to reenter the circulation slowly." "Try sleeping and resting on your side with a small pillow between the knees."

A primigravida who is 40 weeks' pregnant thinks she may be in labor. She calls the nurse and reports that she has had 10 contractions in the last hour. She says that they are mildly painful and last 45 seconds. What is the best response from the nurse?

"Did your water break? Do you feel the baby moving?"

A client 6 weeks postpartum is preparing to receive a depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injection. Which statement by the client indicates that further teaching is necessary?

"I need to be patient as it will take a while before I can get pregnant."

After teaching a woman who has chosen the vaginal ring as her method of contraception, the nurse determines that the client needs additional teaching when she makes which statement?

"I will insert a new ring at the same time and day of every week."

After delivery, a postpartum mother discusses nutritional needs with her nurse related to breast-feeding. Which statement by the mother demonstrates understanding of the nurse's teaching on the subject?

"I will need to eat more meat and whole grains to increase my zinc intake while I am nursing."

The nurse is teaching a couple about X-linked disorders because they are concerned that they might pass on hemophilia to their children. Which response indicates the need for further teaching?

"If the father doesn't have it, then his kids won't either."

A pregnant woman reports hearing about genetic analysis done on skin cells and wants to have it done. The nurse informs her that she is only at 8 weeks and it is too early for this test. When should the nurse tell this patient that this test can be performed?

15th week

A woman is in her early second trimester of pregnancy. The nurse would instruct the woman to return for a follow-up visit every:

4 weeks

A pregnant client who is planning to have genetic testing asks the nurse when she should schedule her amniocentesis. What should the nurse tell the client?

16 weeks

The nursing instructor has completed a teaching session on the female reproductive system. The instructor determines more teaching is neccessary when a student indicates which action occurs in the menstrual cycle?

"In the ischemic phase, the uterine lining becomes ischemic because of increased estrogen and progesterone."

A nurse is conducting a program for a group of woman about the importance of prenatal care. The nurse determines a need for further instruction based on which group statement?

"Prenatal care should begin at the first visit to the obstetrician."

The nurse is teaching a couple about the pros and cons of genetic testing. Which statement by the nurse best describes the limits of genetic testing?

"Some genetic tests can give a probability for developing a disorder."

The nurse is counseling a couple who are concerned that their children might inherit sickle cell disease. Which response from the couple indicates a need for further teaching?

"The father cannot pass the disorder onto his son or the mother to her daughter."

A woman who is 8 weeks pregnant has come to the clinic for an evaluation. During the visit, the woman asks the nurse, "When will I be able to hear my baby's heartbeat?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"We will be able to hear it at about 10 weeks with a Doppler."

A pregnant woman in her first trimester comes to the clinic for a visit. Which statement would lead the nurse to suspect that the woman is experiencing a complication of pregnancy that requires additional follow up?

"When I first urinate in the morning, I notice a burning sensation, but then as I'm constantly going throughout the day, it goes away."

A 4-year-old child is recently diagnosed with Wilms tumor. The health care provider suggests that the child's siblings have genetic testing performed. What is the best response by the nurse when explaining this to the parents?

"Wilms tumor is associated with a genetic link to chromosome 11; with early detection and treatment there are better outcomes."

A 25 year old having a yearly check-up informs the nurse that she has stopped taking birth control pills because she and her husband want to start a family. She states, "I know I will get pregnant right away, because my mother was very fertile." What is the nurse's best response?

"Women who used oral birth control pills may have difficulty becoming pregnant for several months after discontinuing them."

The nurse is teaching a pregnant woman with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 26 about recommended weight gain. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman states that she should gain approximately how much during her pregnancy?

15 to 25 pounds (11 to 16 kg)

Charlene McCoy, who has several children already, reports for a first prenatal visit. She seems preoccupied and withdrawn, and she makes consistently negative remarks about the pregnancy. Reviewing her records, you note that she is receiving a serotonin reuptake inhibitor. What should you do?

Alert the RN or primary care provider

A client who has one child with a genetic disorder tells the nurse, "I told my husband I was ready to have another baby and now he does not want to be intimate with me." What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client?

Altered sexuality pattern related to fear

Which are normal feelings by the woman that the nurse may identify during the prenatal visits. Select all that apply.

Ambivalence regarding the pregnancy Feeling uncertain about parenting a child Curiosity regarding the course of the pregnancy and delivery Doubt expressed by feelings of insecurity of the future

The nurse is caring for a client who is having a high risk pregnancy and requires genetic studies. Which procedures will the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

Amniocentesis Chorionic villus sampling Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

A pregnant client is undergoing a fetal biophysical profile. Which parameter of the profile helps measure long-term adequacy of the placental function?

Amniotic fluid volume

The nursing instructor is leading a discussion on the process of implantation with a group of nursing students. The instructor determines the session is successful after the students correctly choose which explanation of a blastocyst?

An inner layer of cells that is separated from an outer layer of cells by a fluid-filled cavity

A health care provider has ordered a medically induced termination of pregnancy for a client. Which findings in the client's health history would require the nurse to question the order? Select all that apply.

An intrauterine device is placed Severe asthma with inhaler use

A woman who has just found out that she is pregnant tells the nurse that she takes docusate sodium (colace). The nurse identifies this drug as a category C medication. Which information best reflects the nurse's understanding of this category?

Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but no adequate studies have been done in humans. Pregnancy risk is unknown.

A pregnant client comes to the prenatal clinic complaining of urinary frequency and lower back pain on the right, stating that this has never happened before. An exam validates the diagnosis of pyelonephritis. What factors would contribute to this condition?

Decreased peristalsis of urinary tract

A nurse is conducting an assessment on a female client being seen for infertility issues. Which assessment data leads the nurse to believe that anovulation is occurring? Select all that apply.

BMI 14.6 No fluctuation on BBT graph

A woman in her third trimester complains to the nurse of significant back pain. The nurse questions the client carefully and records a detailed account of her back symptoms. What is the best rationale for the nurse evaluating the client's back symptoms with such care?

Back pain could be a sign of bladder or kidney infection

A nurse is conducting an orientation at a health clinic for newly hired nurses comparing normal and abnormal assessment findings on a female physical assessment. The nurse determines the session is successful when they correctly point out which structure's secretions assist with sexual intercourse?

Bartholin's glands

Which teaching strategy would be most appropriate when educating a primapara about the changes that will occur during her pregnancy?

Be selective about the information provided and include those points most relevant to this particular client.

A nurse is teaching a group of primigravida woman who are in their first trimester. One of the women asks the nurse about sexual activity during pregnancy. Which information would the nurse most likely incorporate into the response?

Because of pelvic congestion, women may experience increased clitoral sensitivity.

In the first trimester, sharp pains in the lower abdomen are common. They are not repetitive but often are associated with position changes or fetal movements. What are these indicative of?

Growing pains

A young patient comes to the clinic and requests birth control pills to prevent a pregnancy. She tells the nurse that she is worried that she will get mixed up on what days to take the pills. Which would be the best type of pills to prescribe this patient?

COCs packaged with 28 pills

A 36-year-old male client whose wife has been unable to conceive is referred for semen analysis. The client prefers to collect the specimen at home. Which instruction should the nurse provide about collecting and transporting the specimen?

Carry the semen specimen in an inner pocket

A nurse is teaching a female client who is unable to conceive how to monitor her basal body temperature. Which instruction would the nurse prioritize for this client?

Chart body temperature for at least a month

Which strategies is the nurse correct to utilize when attempting to awaken a potentially sleeping fetus? Select all that apply.

Clap near the mother's abdomen Provide the mother a cold beverage Place hands on the abdomen to move the fetus Use vibroacoustic stimulation

The nurse is inserting a client's urinary catheter as prescribed. When the nurse begins to introduce the tip of the catheter, the client winces and cries out in pain. What is the nurse's best action?

Confirm that the tip of the catheter is not touching the clitoris.

When discussing infection prevention with a group of prenatal women, which interventions should the nurse emphasize to prevent toxoplasmosis in this population? Select all that apply.

Cook meat thoroughly before eating. Have a significant other change the litter box throughout the pregnancy.

A client is undergoing a genetic test involves microscopic examination of metaphase chromosomes. The nurse determines that which of the following is being done?

Cytogenetic analysis

As part of the assessment of a client's health history during the first prenatal visit, the nurse is having the client complete a 24-hour recall to establish what and how much the woman is eating. In which section of the health history should the nurse record this information?

Day history/social profile

A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair on the topics of planning for a pregnancy. Which major goal has the nurse determined should be accomplished with this presentation?

Decrease the number of unwanted pregnancies.

A male client being evaluated for subfertility has been instructed to provide a sperm sample for analysis. Which instructions would be most appropriate for the nurse to provide? Select all that apply.

Deliver it within 1 hour of collection. You should be abstinent 2 to 4 days prior. Do not use any lubricants with the sample.

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of several male clients who are undergoing fertility assessments. The nurse is evaluating the clients' responses to the type of work that they do. The nurse determines that a client involved in which type of work is as risk for a lowered sperm count? Select all that apply.

Desk job Salesman who travels daily Long-distance truck driver

Which interventions would a pregnant client be taught regarding dietary restrictions during pregnancy? Select all that apply.

Discard foods that have been left out at room temperature for two hours. Don't drink raw or unpasteurized milk.

A nursing instructor is teaching a class on the male reproductive system. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which functions of the bulbourethral gland's secretions? Select all that apply.

Enhance sperm motility Nourish sperm Protect sperm

A pregnant client is diagnosed with hydramnios. The nurse explains that further testing will be done to determine if which conditions are present? Select all that apply.

Esophageal atresia Anencephaly

A woman has recently given birth to an infant with Down syndrome. She and her husband knew ahead of time, based on genetic testing, that the child would have this disorder. They are now asking the nurse for input on how this will affect their parenting. What information should the nurse give to the parents? Select all that apply.

Feed the child slowly, as the enlarged tongue may interfere with swallowing. Enroll the child in early educational and play programs so he can develop to his full capacity. Use good hand washing technique, as he will be prone to infections. When older, have an x-ray of his neck taken before he engages in strenuous activity, as his neck may not be fully stable.

A client who is in her third trimester is to undergo an amniocentesis. The nurse understands that the rationale for testing at this point is to determine:

Fetal lung maturity

A nursing student is preparing an exhibit for a school health fair on the male reproductive system. The student should point out which pituitary hormone as being necessary in the process of sperm production?

Follicle-stimulating hormone.

A pregnant vegan reports eating lots of dark green leafy vegetables, legumes, citrus fruits, and berries. To ensure that her infant's nervous system will develop properly, what foods should the nurse recommend that she add to her diet?

Fortified cereals

A pregnant client at 18 weeks' gestation has arrived for her routine prenatal visit. Which assessment findings should the nurse prepare to document at this time? Select all that apply.

Fundal height of approximately 18 cm Quickening

The nurse is assessing a man concerned about his ability to father children because he has an "abnormality of the penis." The nurse finds that the urethral opening is on the ventral surface of the penis. How would the nurse document this finding?

Hypospadias

A nurse is conducting a teaching program for a group of pregnant women in their first trimester. As part of the program, the nurse is describing how the fetus receives oxygen and nutrients and eliminates waste products. Which area would the nurse include as the location where this exchange takes place?

In the intervillous spaces

Which physical change would the nurse expect to find in a pregnant client? Select all that apply.

Increased blood volume Supine hypotension

A nurse is teaching a group of patients experiencing secondary subfertility. Which of the following would the nurse include as things that can negatively affect spermatogenesis? (Select all that apply.)

Increased scrotal heat Trauma to the testes Drug use Excessive alcohol use X-ray exposure

The nurse is assessing a client during a prenatal visit. While listening to fetal heart tones, the client tells the nurse, "I"ve been itching pretty much all over my body." The rest of teh client's assessment is unremarkable. The nurse suspects that the client's complaint is the result of which body change?

Increasing reabsorption of bilirubin into the maternal bloodstream

A Spanish-speaking couple comes in for genetic testing. They are planning to start a family and are concerned because the wife's sister has a genetic disorder. The clinic's consent form is in English and the husband is speaks only Spanish. The nurse does not speak Spanish. What should the nurse do?

Informing the geneticist that the couple cannot give informed consent

A young male asks the nurse at the clinic about what he can do to maintain his sperm production. The nurse would instruct him to take which action?

It is recommended that men wear boxer-style underwear.

A nurse is describing the development of the fetus to a group of pregnant women. When describing the function of the placenta, which information would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

It supplies oxygen and nutrients to the fetus It produces hormones that help maintain the pregnancy. It carries waste away for excretion by the mother.

A nurse is providing education to a male client following the results of a low sperm count. What should the nurse include as ways to increase sperm counts? Select all that apply.

Lose excessive weight. Wear loose fitting underwear. Ambulation from desk work.

A young woman who is pregnant for the first time goes to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. During the interview, she informs the primary are provider that there is no history of genetic defects in her or her husband's family. What test will most likely be prescribed for this client as a routine screening?

MSAFP

A nurse is talking to a group of young couples who wish to conceive. One young woman asks the nurse if any tests predict fetal abnormalities. Which of the following tests should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)

MSAFP CVS Amniocentesis

An obstetrical nurse is conducting a program for pregnant women who are in their first trimester. The program focuses on the changes occurring in the woman's body as a result of the pregnancy. When describing the effect of changing hormonal levels, which information would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

Maintenance of the endometrium so that the embryo can implant Maternal metabolic changes to make nutrients available for mother and fetus Relaxation of the ligaments that connect the pelvic bones, allowing them to spread slightly preparing the breasts for lactation, keeping the milk from coming in until birth occurs

An expectant mother asks the nurse which of her antibodies from previous immunizations would be passed to her fetus during pregnancy. Which response by the nurse would be correct?

Measles antibodies will cross the placenta to protect the fetus.

Which statement should be incorporated into the teaching plan developed to present instruction about the female menstrual cycle to nursing students?

Menses ensues when the levels of estrogen and progesterone fall.

A client asks the nurse to describe the difference between menstruation and implantation bleeding. Which statements should the nurse include in the description? Select all that apply.

Menstruation occurs when the ovum is not fertilized. Implantation bleeding occurs when the blastocyst burrows into the endometrium. Menstruation occurs 14 days after ovulation. Implantation bleeding occurs 7 to 10 days after fertilization.

A client is at 20 weeks' gestation and is scheduled for a fetal survey with ultrasound. What will the ultrasound reveal about the placenta? (Select all that apply.)

Placement of the placenta Functional grade of the placenta Size of the placenta

A nurse is counseling with a couple in the fertility clinic. In discussing the plan of care, which aspect should the nurse anticipate as being most stressful for the couple?

Planning intercourse around ovulation

In taking a client history, a client tells the nurse she is having vaginal itching and irritation. Which reported practice could be contributory to this problem?

Previous history of taking clindamycin

A woman trying to conceive has been diagnosed with a luteal phase defect. Which medication would the nurse most likely anticipate as being prescribed for this woman?

Progesterone vaginal suppositories

The nurse is preparing to teach a client how to conduct the BBT method to determine her fertile window. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize?

Temperature should be taken prior to any activity every morning.

The nurse is explaining the ultrasound procedure to a pregnant client and mentions part of the purpose is to evaluate the amniotic fluid. When questioned by the client how the amniotic fluid helps the fetus, which functions should the nurse point out? Select all that apply.

Provides physical protection Helps regulates temperature Provides unrestricted movement Helps permit symmetrical growth

The nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a woman who is undergoing a tubal sterilization. Which of the following teaching points accurately describes this procedure?

Referred pain to the shoulder may occur after abdominal distention with CO2

The OB nursing instructor is talking with students about the sexual response cycle. As they are studying the content, they become aware that there are four phases in the sexual response cycle and identify them as which of the following? Select all that apply.

Resolution Excitement Climax Plateau

A nurse is caring for a client who is 8 months pregnant. Which instruction is the nurse most likely to give her?

Rest on the left side for at least 1 hour in the morning and afternoon.

A 26-year old mother of three children tells the nurse at her annual check-up that she does not want to have any more children; however, her religion forbids the use of contraceptive devices. Which of the following methods would be the best option for this client?

Rhythm method

A nurse is counseling a pregnant client about Maternal Serum Marker Screening. She wants to go ahead with the test to rule out anencephaly. The client understands the risks associated with the test and is worried about what to do if the test shows a positive result even if the child is completely healthy. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be most appropriate?

Risk for Anxiety related to false-positive test results

The nurse is caring for a client who is at 37 weeks' gestation and has a biophysical profile of 9. Which nursing action is best?

Schedule a health care provider appointment for one week.

When conducting a health history for an infant child with a presumed genetic disorder, what family members with the nurse gather information on? Select all that apply.

Siblings parents grandparents

A primigravida client has come to the clinic for a prenatal checkup. What teaching topics would help to promote a healthy pregnancy for this client?

Swimming in a pool is a recommended exercise during pregnancy.

A pregnant client is visiting the clinic and complains about the tiny, blanched, slightly raised end arterioles on her face, neck, arms, and chest. The nurse should explain that these are normal during pregnancy and referred to as which of the following?

Telangiectasias

A couple has just undergone a semen analysis. The semen sample was visualized under the microscope, and the nurse tells the couple that they must return to do another semen analysis. The man states that he can return later in the week. What is the best answer the nurse can provide?

The analysis will need to be repeated after 2 or 3 months because spermatogenesis is an ongoing process, and 30 to 60 days are needed for sperm to reach maturity.

The school nurse is preparing a teaching session for a group of adolescent girls explaining the menstrual cycle. The nurse determines the session is successful when the young students correctly choose which fact?

The average menstrual flow lasts 4 to 6 days.

A pregnant client in her first trimester states, "I think I must be having a miscarriage. I have sharp pains in my lower abdomen sometimes!" What does the nurse understand is happening to this client?

The client is experiencing stretching of the round and broad ligaments.

During the initial assessent of a 22-year-old pregnant client, the nurse learns that the client usually smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day. The nurse is planning an education session about lifestyle changes during pregnancy. Which goal would be the most realistic and individualized for this client during this initial clinic visit?

The client reduces her smoking by 50 percent by the next clinic visit.

How do the fallopian tubes aid in fertilization and transportation of the fertilized egg to the uterus? Select all that apply.

The fallopian tubes secrete lipids to nourish the fertilized egg. Tiny cilia assist in moving the fertilized egg toward the uterus. Glycogen is secreted to nourish the fertilized egg as it makes it way to the uterus.

Nurses are expected to know how to use the first genetic test. What is it?

The family history

A Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) test reveals an hCG level of 2.5 MoM. The nurse interprets these results as indicating which of the following?

The fetus is at greater risk for Down's syndrome

A school nurse is teaching a sex education class for middle school children. When providing education about menstruation, what information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, and uterus control menstruation. Menstrual blood loss is typically 150 mL.

The nursing instructor is illustrating the circulatory flow between the mother and fetus. The instructor determines the session is successful when the class correctly chooses which structure with which route?

The one umbilical vein carries oxygen-rich blood to the fetus from the placenta.

A nurse is conducting a prenatal class for expectant mothers and one of the mothers asks her how the placenta works. The nurse would explain that the placenta serves which purposes? Select all that apply.

The placenta provides nourishment for the fetus. It serves as an exchange site for oxygen and carbon dioxide. It serves as a barrier to some medications and hormones in the maternal blood supply.

A female patient had a tubal ligation 8 years ago. She has remarried, would like to have a child with her current husband, and is requesting a surgical procedure to reopen the tubes. Which information would the nurse most likely include when discussing the success rate for this procedure?

The success rate of the operation is not greater than 70% to 80%.

A nurse is leading a discussion in a prenatal class for a group of primigravida clients. Which factor would the nurse include when explaining the changes that are expected to occur in the uterus during the pregnancy?

The uterus changes from a pear-shaped organ to an oval one.

What important information should the nurse give a client about the use of a diaphragm during menstruation?

Toxic shock syndrome is possible

Assessment of a female client reveals a thick, white vaginal discharge. The client also reports intense itching and dyspareunia. Based on these findings, the nurse would suspect that the client has:

candidiasis.

A nurse is reviewing the obstetric history of a pregnant woman who has come to the clinic for a visit. The history reveals that the woman is "gravida 3, para 2". Which interpretation by the nurse would be appropriate?

Two previous pregnancies, two children born at term, and currently pregnant

A nursing instructor is discussing the various events that occur during a pregnancy. The instructor determines the session is successful after the students put the following events in the correct chronological order. Use all the options.

Union of an ovum and sperm Implantation of the zygote Formation of the placenta Heart begins beating Age of viability Fetus kicks actively

A nurse is providing medication teaching related to monophasic combination oral contraceptive (COC) that a client is being given to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Which is the most important intervention for the nurse to include?

Use a second form of contraception for the initial seven days on the COC.

The nurse is preparing a 38-year-old pregnant woman for an amniocentesis to determine if there are any congenital disorders or fetal abnormalities present. Which of the following is a nursing consideration before and during the testing?

Use an external fetal heart monitor to ensure fetus is not in distress.

In OB class, the nursing instructor is discussing the female reproductive anatomy. In order to understand the anatomy and function of the uterus, the instructor explains that there are four sections in the uterus. Which of the following are sections of the uterus? Select all that apply.

Uterine isthmus Fundus Cervix Corpus

A nurse is providing follow-up teaching to a client regarding the medically induced termination of her pregnancy. Which assessment finding should the nurse tell the client to report to the health care provider? Select all that apply.

Vaginal bleeding of more than two pads per hour Severe depression or sadness Severe abdominal pain

Positive signs of pregnancy are diagnostic, meaning nothing else can elicit that sign except pregnancy. What is the earliest positive sign of pregnancy?

Visualization of the gestational sac or fetus

A patient is to have an amniocentesis with ultrasound. What does the nurse explain to the patient that amniocentesis can determine? Select all that apply.

Whether the fetal lungs are mature enough to support respiration outside of the womb. For genetic testing.

The nurse is explaining the phases of the uterine cycle to a client. What action during the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle should the nurse include in the teaching session with the client?

While the ovarian follicles are producing increased amounts of estrogen, the endometrium prepares for possible fertilization with pronounced growth.

A client in her third trimester reports sleeping poorly: sleeping on her back results in lightheadedness and dizziness and lying on her side results in no sleep. Which suggestion for sleeping should the nurse prioritize for this client?

With a pillow under her right hip

The nurse is conducting an annual examination on a young female who reports her last menses was 2 months ago. Although the client insists she is not pregnant due to a negative home pregnancy test, which assessment should the nurse prioritize to assess for a possible pregnancy?

a fetal heartbeat

A client prescribed COC has presented for a routine visit. Which finding upon assessment should the nurse prioritize?

abdominal pain

The vagina is a hostile environment for sperm. What characteristic of semen protects sperm from the vaginal environment?

alkaline fluid

The nurse has just informed a client that her pregnancy test is positive and she will need further assessment to determine the complete status of the situation. Which initial emotional response does the nurse expect the client to exhibit?

ambivalence

Place the following events in the sequence the pregnant woman would experience them, from first to last. All options must be used.

amennorhea uterine enlargement quickening Braxton Hicks contractions labor

As part of her physical examination of a pregnant client, the nurse examines the woman's breasts. Which are healthy breast changes that indicate pregnancy? Select all that apply.

areolae darken overall breast size increases blue streaking of veins becomes prominent montgomery tubercles become prominent

A woman at the infertility clinic for the first time asks, "What could have caused my infertility?" Learning has taken place when the woman can identify which common causes of infertility?

blocked fallopian tubes ovarian dysfunction

A pregnant client at 26 weeks' gestation has arrived for a routine prenatal visit. Which assessments should the nurse prioritize? Select all that apply.

blood pressure weight urine testing blood glucose level

The nurse is assessing a pregnant woman on a routine prenatal visit. Which breast assessment finding will the nurse document as a normal and expected finding?

tingling sensations and tenderness

A 40-year-old client is in her 10th week of pregnancy. So far, her pregnancy appears to be healthy, with no abnormal results from standard diagnostic tests. Because of her age, however, the nurse would anticipate that the client is a candidate for which diagnostic tests? Select all that apply.

chorionic villi sampling amniocentesis

When reviewing normal menstruation with an early adolescent, the nurse would teach that during the second half of a typical menstrual cycle, the endometrium of the uterus becomes:

thick and purple-hued, due to progesterone stimulation.

When providing counseling to a couple who have just found out they will be having a daughter, the nurse will identify this chromosome abbreviation as:

genome 46xx

A sexually active client comes to the clinic requesting some form of birth control but is concerned about the bad side effects she has heard that birth control pills can cause. Which information should the nurse point out about the positive aspects of this type of contraceptive? Select all that apply.

decreased incidence of dysmenorrhea decreased acne improved cycle regularity decreased acute pelvic inflammatory disease

Which effect would the nurse identify as a normal physiologic change in the renal system due to pregnancy?

dilation of the renal pelvis

The health care provider is concerned about a client's fetus having appropriate blood flow through the fetal vessels. Which diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate to confirm a diagnosis?

doppler study

A pregnant woman undergoes a triple/quadruple screen at 16 to 18 weeks' gestation. What would the nurse suspect if the woman's level is decreased?

down syndrome

Nondisjunction of a chromosome results in which diagnosis?

down syndrome

Which of the following findings is most worrisome in Melissa, a woman in her 26th week of pregnancy?

facial edema

A community health nurse is leading a discussion at a health fair for college students on the topic of the signs of pregnancy. The nurse determines more teaching is necessary when the students choose which sign as a probable sign of pregnancy?

fetal movement felt by the examiner

The nurse is teaching a group of women about the hormone(s) that makes the ova within the ovaries mature each month. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the ovum?

follicle stimulating hormone

When preparing a presentation for a group of pregnant women about fetal circulation, the nurse would point out which structure is primarily responsible for ensuring that highly oxygenated blood reaches the fetal brain?

foramen ovale

The nursing student is preparing a presentation which will depict the pre-embryonic stage. The instructor determines the student has correctly illustrated the process by putting the stages in which order? Use all the options.

formation of the zygote cleavage formation of the morula formation of blastocyst implantation

A nurse assesses that a 7-year-old male client has a prominent lower jaw, large ears, speech deficits, and displays hyperactivity. The nurse identifies this as being most likely related to which diagnosis?

fragile X syndrome

When assessing a woman at follow-up prenatal visits, the nurse would anticipate which procedure to be performed?

fundal height measurement

During a routine prenatal visit, a client at 36 weeks' gestation states she has difficulty breathing and feels like her pulse rate is really fast. The nurse finds her pulse to be 100 beats per minute (increased from baseline readings of 70 to 74 beats per minute) and irregular, with bilateral crackles in the lower lung bases. The nurse would develop a plan of care identifying interventions to promote which area as the priority?

gas exchange

The nurse is appraising the laboratory results of a pregnant client who is in her second trimester and notes the following: TSH slightly elevated, glucose in the urine, complete blood count low normal, and normal electrolytes. The nurse prioritizes further testing to rule out which condition?

gestational diabetes

A nurse informs a patient during the first prenatal visit of the need to collect a urine specimen. The nurse explains that the specimen will be tested for which substance? Select all that apply.

glucose protein ketones bacteria

A primapara woman has been asking about all the minor body changes she has been experiencing over the first 3 months like nausea, fatigue, breast tenderness, constipation, and abdominal discomfort. The clinic nurse responsible for the documentation related to this woman's reports has identified which diagnosis to be the most relevant in this scenario?

health-seeking behavior

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has come to the clinic for an evaluation and reproductive life planning with oral contraceptives. Which information if found on the client's medical record would alert the nurse to a possible contraindication for oral contraceptives? Select all that apply.

history of migraine headaches with aura history of deep vein thrombosis diabetic retinopathy

A young patient pregnant for the second time is scheduling her first prenatal appointment. She has a 5-year-old daughter; her recently widowed mother lives with her, her husband, and her child as well. Whom should the nurse ideally include in this first prenatal visit?

husband child mother patient

A nurse is reviewing a journal article about complications during pregnancy. Part of the article addresses potential causes of serious illness and death during pregnancy. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the information by identifiying which condition as a major cause? Select all that apply.

hypertension hemorrhage embolism infection

A nurse overhears a colleague tell a client that based on the genetic testing results she should terminate the pregnancy. Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to take?

immediately stop the nurse

The nursing instructor is presenting the basic physiologic changes in the woman which can occur during a pregnancy. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which change in the respiratory function during pregnancy as normal?

increased tidal volume

A patient with an IUD comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that she thinks that she is pregnant. After confirming the pregnancy, the nurse tells the patient that the IUD will most likely be removed to prevent which complication? Select all that apply.

infection spontaneous miscarriage

During a routine antepartal visit, a pregnant woman says, "I've noticed my gums bleeding a bit since I've become pregnant. Is this normal?" The nurse bases the response on the understanding of which effect of pregnancy?

influence of estrogen and blood vessel proliferation

The nurse is preparing to assess a client who is noted to have a history of dysmenorrhea. The nurse predicts the client will report which potential symptom during the examination?

intermittent, sharp suprapubic pain

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students about the various hormones involved in the female's menstrual cycle. The instructor determines the session is succcessful when the students correctly point out which hormone initiates ovulation?

luteinizing hormone

A nurse is providing teaching to a prenatal class on genetic testing. Which factor should the nurse include as placing a couple at a higher risk for having a child with a genetic disorder? Select all that apply.

maternal age of greater than 35 years family history of genetic disorder

A 47-year-old woman with osteoarthritis and hypertension is diagnosed with breast cancer. She tells the nurse that her mother also suffered from osteoarthritis and hypertension and she developed breast cancer at the age of 51 years. The nurse explains that this could be a result of:

multifactorial inheritance.

About which childhood communicable disease should the nurse question the male client who is seeking information about subfertility?

mumps

The nurse is advising a pregnant woman during her first prenatal visit regarding the frequency of future visits. Which schedule is recommended for prenatal care?

once every 4 weeks for the first 28 weeks, then every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, and then weekly until the birth

A woman has just given birth to a healthy term newborn. Upon assessing the umbilical cord, the nurse would identify what findings as normal? Select all that apply.

one vein two arteries

A nurse teaching a couple says that when X-linked recessive inheritance is present in a family, the genogram will reveal that:

only males in the family have the disorder.

The nurse is assessing the latest laboratory results of a pregnant client who is at 17 weeks gestation. The nurse should prepare to teach the client about which possible defects after noting the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level is elevated above normal?

open spinal defects

A female client has the Huntington's disease gene. She and her husband want to have a child but are apprehensive about possibly transmitting the disease to their newborn child. They have strong views against abortion. They would also like to have their "own" child and would consider adopting only as a last resort. Which action would be most appropriate in this situation?

opting for a preimplantation genetic diagnosis

A woman who is pregnant for the first time has arrived to the labor department thinking she was in labor only to be diagnosed with Braxton Hicks contractions and sent home. Prior to leaving ther unit, the woman asks, "How will I know when it is 'true' labor?" Which signs/symptoms should the woman assoicate with true labor? Select all that apply.

pain in back that wraps across the abdomen that increases in frequency and intensity pink-tinged blood and mucus mixture on underwear sudden gush of clear fluid coming from the vagina

A nurse is teaching a health class of males at a local middle school about male reproductive structures. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which structure as an external male reproductive structure? Select all that apply.

penis scrotum testes

Assessment of a pregnant woman reveals oligohydramnios. The nurse would be alert for the development of which condition?

placental insufficiency

After teaching a class on the stages of fetal development, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which stages? Select all that apply.

pre-embryonic embryonic fetal

The nurse is preparing to teach a client and her partner about the hormones involved in menstruation. Which hormone will the nurse point out is secreted by the corpus luteum?

progesterone

The nursing instructor is preparing an illustration which will point out the various functions of the placenta during the pregnancy. Which hormones should the instructor point out are secreted by the placenta during the pregnancy? Select all that apply.

progesterone estrogen human chorionic gonadotropin

A client is questioning the nurse about the various options for contraception. When explaining the implantable form, the nurse should point out it contains which form of contraception?

progestin

A nurse is preparing a presenstation on the menstrual cycle for a health fair. Which phase will the nurse illustrate as producing progesterone?

secretory

A couple comes to the clinic and states to the nurse, "I don't think we are ever going to be able to have children. We have been trying but have had no luck." What assessments does the nurse anticipate will be performed for this couple? Select all that apply.

semen analysis ovulation monitoring tubal patency

A female patient who has been trying to conceive for 1 year comes to the fertility clinic and will be undergoing a subfertility evaluation. When discussing the components involved, which information would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

semen analysis of the partner ovulation monitoring tubal patency assessment

A clinic nurse is asked by a patient receiving genetic counseling about symptoms related to Turner syndrome. Which manifestation would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

short stature streak ovaries infertility webbed neck

The nurse is reviewing with a group of high school students that the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads all contribute to hormonal regulation of the female reproductive system. What would be the best information for the nurse to include in the education session about the main effects of the gonadotropic hormones?

stimulation of the formation of ova; stimulation of the secretion of hormones from sex organs; stimulation of the development of secondary female sexual characteristics

An atheletic woman has just discovered she is 6 to 8 weeks pregnant. From the list of her usual sports and activities, which activity should be discussed in further detail since it is contraindicated during pregnancy? Select all that apply.

swimming long distances in triathlons cliff diving playing ice hockey

A pregnant client asks the nurse how the fetus breathes if it is floating in the amniotic fluid. The best explanation by the nurse is:

the fetus receives oxygen through the umbilical vein.

The nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students about the menstrual cycle. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which action as responsible for the increased thickness of the endometrium?

the increasing level of estrogen

The nurse is assessing a pregnant client in her third trimester who is reporting a first-time occurrence of constipation. When asked why this is happening, what is the best response from the nurse?

the intestines are displaced by the growing fetus

The nurse is creating a diagram that illustrates the components of the male reproductive system. Which structure would the nurse include as a major structure to help ensure fertilization of the ovum?

vas deferens

A client who has just given a blood sample for pregnancy testing in the health care provider's office asks the nurse what method of confirming pregnancy is the most accurate. The nurse explains the difference between presumptive symptoms, probable signs, and positive signs. What should the nurse mention as an example of a positive sign, which may be used to diagnose pregnancy?

visualization of the fetus by ultrasound

A pregnant client has been diagnosed as having a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following instructions regarding control of the infection should the nurse provide the client?

wear cotton underwear

A woman arrives in the emergency department in active labor. She has not received any prenatal care and reports spending a lot of time in a hot tub to relax. The nurse caring for this woman should prepare for which possible birth defect related to the fetus being exposed to prolonged hyperthermia in a hot tub? Select all that apply.

white, frothy bubbles in baby's mouth coughing or choking during feedings intestines located outside the abdominal wall

During an education session for first trimester women, clients ask the nurse if it is safe to continue having sex during pregnancy. During what time in pregnancy would sex be considered unsafe?

with oral-female genital contact since it could result in an accidental air embolism. when the membranes have ruptured since infection could result