Fertilizer Minerals Part 2

7.890 billion MT

Limestone reserves available for agricultural lime production

magnesite deposits in the Philippines

are within the province of Davao Oriental, particularly in Tagum, Mati, Piso Point, Lupon and Dinagsa-an, the largest being in Lupon Ilocos Norte, Zambales, Mindoro, Palawan, Bohol and Lanao.

(Fe), nickel (Ni), alumina (Al2O3),manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co)

formed due to the removal of MgO and SiO2

united states

in this country, peat is used as soil conditioner and as ingredient or filler in mixed fertilizer.

veinlets in fresh or slightly weathered peridotite

with principal veinlets ranging from 1 to 4 cm in thickness and occur as fillings of joints or shear fractures in the rock. Magnesite forms crustiform bands parallel to the walls of the veinlets. These veinlets may often be interlaced by still finer magnesite veinlets, which heal tiny cross fractures in the rock. This type of deposit occurs sporadically and represents no sizeable tonnage;

extrusive volcanic rock dated Middle Miocene of peat deposits

within the vicinity of the peat area, the oldest rock unit is _____. essentially porphyritic, fine to medium-grained, and andesitic.

classification of magnesite deposit

1. Clustered nodules or concretions 2. Massive deposit 3. Folded sheets

six major groups of limestone deposits

1. Pre-Cretaceous, probably Carboniferous to Middle Jurassic, Ammonitebearing limestone bodies 2. Cretaceous limestone deposits, 3. Paleocene to Oligocene transgressive reef limestone 4. Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene transgressive reef limestone 5. Upper Miocene limestone, largely calcarenite or silty limestone 6. Pliocene to Pleistocene reef limestone

total reserve of sulfur in the philippines

48.877 million MT, averaging 25.275% sulfur content

seawater

Another potential source of MgO and CO2 which contains about 0.13 percent or about 3.90 percent of the total salts in the ocean and 34 to 56 ml/liter of CO2 as dissolved gases. A pH exceeding 7 is necessary to precipitate magnesite from seawater, along with a decrease in concentration of MgSO4, saturation with NaCl, presence of NH3 or organic salts, presence of CO2, and a rise in temperature. The concretionary or nodular variety of magnesite may have been precipitated from seawater but the brain-like type constituting the bulk of the deposit may have originated as normal products of weathering.

1983

Commercial production of dolomite

aragonite

Dolomitization favorably takes place when the calcium carbonate is _____.

65,642 MT amounting to P10,788,072

Gross national production of magnesite over the 24-year rating period

native sulfur

In all the fourteen known deposits,________ occurs either as disseminations, impregnations or incrustations in highly fractured or thermally altered andesitic rocks.

dolomitic limestone

Limestone rich in magnesia It has found successful application as agricultural lime with a lasting neutralizing power or value per 20 unit weight than calcium carbonate.

mineralogy of imoortant magnesite deposits

Mode of occurrence and mineralization- The Lupon magnesite deposits occur in notable concentration within a relatively thin shell of weathered but comparatively unserpentinized peridotite along the national highway between The deposits appear to be restricted to this portion of the peridotite mass, which immediately faces a wide expanse of marine waters.Pintatagan and Linao localities. The thickness of magnesite veins is largely controlled by the pre-mineralization openings.

1,875,523 worth P493,619,960

Over the 12-year active period, total production of peat

age of important magnesite deposit

Pleistocene to Holocene

1983

Production of pyrite concentrate started terminated right away after 1990, with renewed production only after eight (8) years.

geologic setting of important manganese deposits

Stratigraphy-The oldest rocks in the area are epidote-amphibolite schists. . The next oldest formation is made up of a thick sequence of lightly metamorphosed greywacke and siltstone with local thin lenses of chert and conglomerate. In this ultramafic complex, there is an outer shell of gabbro, which has been partly removed by erosion and subsequently overlapped by terrace gravels and Structures- Pantukan-Lupon-Mati area lies along the western segment of the Philippine Rift Zone. Directly affecting the area is the Matiao fault, a northwesterly striking strike-slip fault.younger alluvium.

pyrite concentrate

The principal sources of sulfur in the Philippines recovered as by-product from various copper mines and the natural sulfur deposits. Elemental sulfur deposits in the vicinity of active and dormant volcanoes, such as Mount Pinatubo and Mount Halcon, could be major sources in the future.

1,445,906 MT worth P262,420,917

Total production of limestone for agriculture use from pre-1980 to 2002 period

reserve of peat

With a combined area of 103 hectares, the singly explored peat deposit in barangay Liberty, Ormoc City, Leyte having an average thickness of 0.40 to 0.50 meter, yields a total estimated reserve of 2,105,600 wet metric tons. Analysis of the samples show heating values ranging from 2,500 to 5,000 BTU; 0.96 percent nitrogen, 19.81 percent phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5), 5.10 percent available phosphoric acid, 1.93 percent total potash and 2.61 percent organic matter, on oven-dry basis.

dolomite

a carbonate of calcium and magnesium, is ideally composed of 21.70 percent magnesia, 30.40 percent lime and 47.90 percent carbon dioxide.

magnesite

a natural form of magnesium carbonate with ideal magnesia content of 47.60 percent, is an important source of magnesium for fertilizer.

eastern side and along the eastern slopes of the volcanics of peat deposita

a sequence of shale, sandstone, and conglomerate. The shale is well bedded. The conglomerate is composed largely of unsorted pebble to cobble-sized andesite fragments cemented by tuffaceous and sandy materials.

domestic price of limestone

agricultural use depends upon purity and other physical characteristics. It is generally dictated by local supply and demand,hence, the production and/or processing are intermittent, flourishing only at times of great demand.

nodular, lumpy bodies

along narrow, crushed fault zones in serpentinite. This magnesite is concretionary in character and appears to have been developed partly by precipitation in open fractures and partly by replacement of the finely comminuted, often clayey serpentinite material. Generally, this deposit is discontinuous but may yield large bodies of high grade ore in places;

commercial deposits of dolomite

are situated in Cebu province, including those in Negros Oriental, and Northern Leyte. Minor occurrence was reported in the provinces of Batangas, Negros Occidental, Southern Leyte, Bohol and Davao Oriental but detailed studies wait to be done. Total reserve of dolomite and dolomitic limestone the country reaches to 466.305,670million MT with MgO content ranging from 9.21 to 20.00 percent

major dolomite/dolomitic limestone deposits

are situated in the province of Cebu, the largest being in Alcoy-Dalaguete and Fuente, Carmen areas. Other isolated deposits are also in Calatagan and Sta. Maria, Batangas; Wawa, Toboso, Tigbao, and Calatrava, Negros Occidental; Buenavista, Guihulngan, Bindoy and Manjuyod, Negros Oriental; Isabel, Northern Leyte; and in Banay-Banay, Davao Oriental.

late oligocene to middle miocene transgressive reef limestone

associated with marine shelf sediments largely wackes and shales, underlain by conglomerates or associated with paralic coal measures and averaging nearly 500 m thick are disposed along the eastern fringe of the Philippine Archipelago.

reserves of pyrite in the Philippines

benguet pangasinan albay camarines sur antique western samar surigao del sur

reserves of dolomite and dolomitic limestone in the philippines

bulacan iloilo negros oriental cebu leyte

dolomitic limestone

calcite: 10-59 dolomite: 50-90 Mgo: 10.8-19.5

magnesian limestone

calcite: 50-90 dolomite: 10-50 Mgo: 2.1-10.8

dolomite

calcite: less than 50 dolomite: over 90 Mgo: 19.5-21.6

calcite limestone

calcite: over 90-95 dolomite: 5-20 Mgo: 1.1 to 2.1

Limestone

calcite: over 95 dolomite: less than 5 Mgo: 0 to 1.1

limestone

carbonate rock consisting mainly of calcite or aragonite is the most thoroughly exploited of all the sedimentary rocks. For fertilizer and soil conditioner purposes, _____ furnishes raw materials particularly for the manufacture of agricultural lime.

peat as soil conditioner

contains a large fraction of fibrous and porous organic matter (humus), improves the physical constitution of the soil and thereby promotes plant development when used in large quantities. As an ingredient or filler in mixed fertilizer, it acts as a carrier for the primary nutrients - nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash.

peat

dark brown to black carbonaceous residuum produced by the partial decomposition and disintegration of mosses, sedges, trees, and other plants that have grown or accumulated in shallow lakes, marshes, and tidal flats.

tributaries of papilahan and dalid rivers

dissects area IV located only a few meters north of Area III. Along these creeks, decayed branches and stumps of trees within the peat deposit are exposed. The deposit is somewhat pear-shaped in plan and partly concealed by weathered, light to dark talus of andesitic rock fragments ranging from pebble to cobble in size. The peat occupies an area of 28 hectares.

1995

dolomite reach full swing

april 1979

domestic production of magnesite by A.R. Chemical Traders, the major company processing magnesite from sitio Puntalinao, barangay Dinagsa-an, municipality of Banay-Banay, province of Davao Oriental.

quaternary volcanic areas

elemental sulfur is practically found in all the _________.

pinatubo soil

example of an neutralizing acidic soils which improvea the physical conditions of clayey and heavy soils, besides supplying calcium, magnesium, and other mineral food requirement of growing plants.

folded sheets

filling the fractures constitute the third type. The crest of the fold lies on the plane of the fissures and is mostly in contact with the wallrock. On a section normal to the strike of the vein, the folded mass of magnesite resembles intestines, and on a section parallel to the plane of the vein, it appears to have a brain-like arrangement. A slickensided plane marks the contact between the magnesite-filled magnesite boxworks. Magnesite stands out in bold relief against the peridotite earth background fractures and the host rock. Gradations exist between fresh peridotite and the white

pamplona deposit

found in negros oriental formed during the Pliocene and is near the northern fringe of the Quaternary volcanics, which mantle southeastern Negros. The ore body is stratiform and sub-horizontal, with sulfur occurring as elemental sulfur and pyrite. Although originally interpreted as a replacement body, there is some evidence that it could be a hot mud pool sedimentary deposit.

peat

generally soft, porous, and fibrous. It is dark brown on fresh surface, becoming dark gray to black after exposure. Occasionally, the peat beds carry partly decomposed leaves, twigs, branches, and stumps of trees superposed with 4 to 6 m thick overburdens composed mostly of pebbles and cobbles of andesite. The thickest part of the deposit is 14 m including clay partings 5 to 15 cm thick.

classification of limestone

high-calcium, magnesian, oyster-shell, and slaked or hydrated.

dolomitic limestone deposits

hug the seacoast of Cebu with active quarries in a few segregated areas. The type localities are in the Sabang Panalipan, Catmon; and in the Simala quarry, Sibonga. The dolomitic limestone deposits occur as irregular masses in the Carcar Formation.

european

in this countries peat is used as fuel and raw material for producing mountain wax, peat coke or char, gas, and tar products. In industries, fibrous peat on account of its moisture-absorbing quality is widely used as litter material for breeding livestock. Because of its deodorizing capacity, peat is also desirable for stable and poultry yards.

Magnesite deposits in Davao Oriental

including those in Sibuyan Island, Romblon province have reported total reserves of 78.795 million MT

secondary origin of dolomitic limestone in Cebu

indicated from the drilling results of the then proposed site for Aboitiz cement plant in Tuyan, Naga

pyrite (FeS2)

is a common mineral associated with copper, lead, zinc, gold and other metallic minerals. Economic concentrations of pyrite occur with disseminated and massive sulfide types of copper deposits. Typical are the Toledo Mine in Cebu; Thanksgiving Mine in Benguet; and Bagacay Mine in Samar.

area II

is about half a kilometer west of Dalid River and 150 m northwest of Area I.The deposit is for the most part, overlain by 2 to 3 m thick of alluvial sand and silt. The peat varies in thickness from 1 to over 4 m within a 3-hectare area.

area III

is adjacent to area II. The peat is 0.65 to about 2.20 m thick and is underlain by thin to medium-bedded, light brown shale. Near Dalid River, the peat interbeds with thinly bedded shale. The peat area delineated is about 2 hectares.

magnesium

is an essential element in plant and animal metabolism, and is added to fertilizers in the form of caustic-calcined magnesia. produced by calcination of magnesium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide at 1,000oC or lower temperature. Magnesium sulfate is also used in fertilizer manufacture.

paleocene to oligocene transgressive reef limestone

is associated with thick shelf and deep marine water deposits largely wackes and shales (flysch sediments), with minor conglomerates, basalt, dacitic and andesitic flows, and pyroclastics. These include a few hundred meters thick of structurally complex limestone in Catanduanes, Caramoan Peninsula, Sierra Madre, and Dinagat Island, carrying large Foraminiferas and pebbly to conglomeratic limestone in Mindoro and Burias overlying the pre-Tertiary rocks. In Davao and Surigao, massive to thin-bedded limestone of this type averages 200 m thick and unconformably overlies older metamorphics and intrusives.

oyster-shell lime

is crushed oyster shell that has been calcined and used as agricultural lime or simply aglime.

hydrated lime

is hydrated calcium oxide, Ca(OH)2, with 24 percent water.

high-calcium lime

is made from burning limestone with 50 to 55 percent calcium oxide and 40 to 55 percent carbonic acid, containing small percentages of magnesia, silica, iron, and alumina. A lime derived from these raw materials yields 90 to 98 percent calcium oxide.

area I

is situated on the southwestern side of Dalid River channel. The peat deposit is generally overlain by 3 to 4 m thick of soil mantle invariably mixed with andesitic clasts. It extends 1.5 km along its north-northwest major axis and averages 466.7 m in width. The peat is black, soft, and fibrous, averages 4 m thick and occupies an area of 70 hectares.

rserves of sulfur in the philippines

kalinga apayao cagayan palawan albay camarines norte camarines sur sorsogon negros occidental negros oriental missamis oriental davao del sur sarangami

Upper Miocene limestone

largely calcarenite or silty limestone associated with marine sediments and volcanics are widely disposed in northwestern Luzon, central Visayas, and central Mindanao region. Predominantly composed of sandstone, siltstone, marl and limestone, the sediments of Late Miocene age vary from several hundred to 1,500 m and average from 500 to 800 m thick.

pliocene to pleistocene reef limestone

largely coralline and associated with marine and terrestrial sediments (molasse), water laid pyroclastic, and localized terrace gravel deposits ranging from 150 to 400 m thick are extensively deposited in southeast Luzon, central Visayas, northern, eastern and southern Mindanao and in many other places. These limestone bodies are associated with flat to very gently folded, fine to medium-grained sediments with abundant mollusks and small Foraminiferas.

classification of limestone-dolomite rocks

limestone Calcitic limestone Magnesian limestone Dolomitic limestone Dolomite

Lupon

location of the largest magnesite deposit where they occur as veins in thin shells of highly fractured weathered peridotite

important manganese deposits

location: (barangay Pintatagan, municipality of Lupon, province of Davao Oriental) genetic type: 1. Veinlets in fresh or slightly weathered peridotite, 2. Magnesite occurring as the principal cementing material 3. Nodular, lumpy bodies 4. Intricately folded magnesite sheets filling fissure networks operator: A.R. Chemical Traders, Incorporated (Puntalinao, Dinagsaan, Banay-Banay, Lupon, Davao Oriental and Elizalde & Company, Incorporated (Lupon, Piso Point)

massive deposit

occupying the full width of the fracture belongs to the second type. The magnesite occupies the spaces in the brecciated zones of peridotite without showing any folding;

cretaceous limestone deposits

occurring as lenticular bodies, are in close association with pelagic to semi-pelagic sediments, turbidites, chert, and spilites. Most notable are the fragmentary Orbitolina-bearing limestones associated with the metamorphics in Cebu, Agusan del Norte, Polillo Island and Palawan.

clustered nodules or concretions

on both walls of the fracture constitute the first type. Coalesced nodules exhibit deformed ovoid and spherical shapes

pre-1980

production: 642,617 production :712.11 ave. price : 22,725,984

dolomitization

ransformation of normal limestone to dolomitic limestone or 2CaCO3 + MgCO3 ® Ca Mg (CO3)2 + Ca CO3

classification of the limestone-dolomite rocks is based here

ratios of calcite and dolomite in the carbonate fraction. It was also pointed out that because a little magnesia maybe present as MgCO3 in solid solution in the calcite, limestone and even magnesian limestone, no visible dolomite may show under the microscope. Thus, a distinction among them based on chemical analysis is herewith presented.

pre-cretaceous, probably carboniferous to middle jurassic, ammonite bearing limestone bodies

regionally metamorphosed to marble, are limited to Mindoro, Sierra Madre, Romblon, Buruanga Peninsula, Palawan and Zamboanga Peninsula. These marbleized limestone deposits are closely associated with quartzite, slate, phyllite, and mica-schists, considered part of the Basement Complex.

Surigao and Davao

regions support the view that nickeliferous laterites and the associated magnesite are normal products of tropical weathering. major constituents- MgO and SiO2

reserves of magnesite in the philippines

romblon davao oriental

magnesite occurring as the principal cementing material

sometimes with associated opalite and/or clay minerals. The magnesite and serpentinite fragments form an intricate mixture and only the coarser breccias may yield limited tonnages of magnesite of good quality;

coastal or near-coastal distribution and occurrence of dolomitic limestone in cebu

suggest that sea water may have contributed to dolomitization

CO2 necessary for magnesite formation

supplied from atmosphere or from plant debris on the surface and carried downward in solution by percolating meteoric waters

aragonite

the dominant component of coralline limestone and since the Carcar Formation is undoubtedly coralline, it is therefore favorable for such dolomitization process.

2002

total production of dolomite and dolomitic limestone reaches to 10,120,006 MT amounting to P1,540,862,533

magnesian lime

used in agriculture contains 5 to 20 percent magnesia and 70 to 85 percent calcium oxide. A bushel of magnesian lime weighs about 70 pounds; a high-calcium lime, 90 to 95 pounds.

intricately folded magnesite sheets filling fissure networks

weathered but comparatively unserpentinized peridotite. This magnesite is colloidal in origin although the details of its development are not so well understood. The veinlets may range in thickness from a few millimeters to as much as 40 cm. For the present knowledge, we may state that the complex folding or wrinkling of still plastic, colloidal sheets of magnesite,presumably due to contraction resulting from dehydration and/or gravitational sliding of the material,