Fetal Heart&Chest Penny

The tricuspid valve is located

between right atrium and right ventricle

An EIF would most likely be associated with a. trisomy 21 b. trisomy 13 c. trisomy 8 d. turner syndrome

Trisomy 21

Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the

LS ratio

A group of anomalies characterized by a small or an absent right ventricle is

hypoplastic right heart syndrome

The normal heart will fill approximately ___ of the fetal chest.

one-third

The accumulation of fluid around the lungs is termed:

pleural effusion

The sonographic "bat-wing" sign is indicative of

pleural effusion

What is described as the absence of the pulmonary valve, which in turn prohibits blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and essentially to the lungs?

pulmonary atresia

What is the term for underdevelopment of the lungs?

pulmonary hypoplasia

Which statement is true concerning fetal outflow tracts? a. the normal pulmonary artery should be positioned posterior to the AO and should be visualized passing under it b. the normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the AO and should be visualized crossing over it c. the right ventricular outflow tract leads to the AO d. the left ventricular outflow tract leads to the pulmonary artery

The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the AO and should be visualized crossing over it

The narrowing of the aortic arch is indicative of

coarctation of the aorta

The moderator band is located within the

right ventricle

The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a

triangular, echogenic mass within the chest

The embryonic heart begins as

two tubes

The fetal heart is fully formed by week

10

What is an opening within the septum that separates the right and left ventricles?

VSD

A coexisting pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of

fetal hydrops

Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except: a. overriding aortic root b. VSD c. pulmonary stenosis d. left ventricular hypertrophy

left ventricular hypertrophy

All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except: a. enlarged right atrium b. fetal hydrops c. narrowing of the aortic arch d. malpositioned tricuspid valve

narrowing of the aortic arch

The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the

rhabdomyoma

The mitral valve is located

between the left ventricle and the left atrium

The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the

foramen of bochdalek

A separate mass of nonfunctioning fetal lung tissue is referred to as:

pulmonary sequestration

Which of the following is a true statement about the fetal heart? a. the apex of the heart will be angled to the right of the midline b. the apex of the heart is the portion closest to the spine c. the normal fetal heart will fill approximately two-third of the fetal chest d. the chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium

the chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium

Which of the following is not a true statement about the normal fetal heart? a.The ventricular septum should be uninterrupted and of equal thickness to the left ventricular wall b. there is a normal opening within the atrial septum c. between the right ventricle and the right atrium, one should visualize the tricuspid valve d. the mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve

the mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve

Which of the following are fetal rhabdomyomas associated with? a. tracheoesophageal fistulas b. tuberous sclerosis c. eventration of the diaphragm d. tuberculosis

tuberous sclerosis

Which of the following is considered to be the most common cardiac defect? a. hypoplastic right heart syndrome b. transpostion of the great vessels c. hypoplastic left heart syndrome d. VSD

VSD

Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as a. a lack of muscle in the dome of the diaphragm b. a defect in the anterior lateral wall of the diaphragm c. a defect in the posteriolateral wall of the diaphragm d. congenital absence of the diaphragm

a lack of muscle in the dome of the diaphragm

The most common cause of cardiac malposition is

diaphragmatic hernia

The visualization of the fetal stomach within the fetal chest is most indicative of

diaphragmatic hernia

What is the fetal shunt that connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch?

ductus arteriosis

What structure shunts blood into the IVC from the umbilical vein?

ductus venosus

The condition in which the heart is located outside of the chest wall is termed

ectopic cordis

What is the opening located right anteromedially within the diaphragm?

foramen of morgagni

What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum?

foramen ovale

All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantrell except: a. omphalocele b. gastroschisis c. cleft sternum d. diaphragmatic defect

gastroschisis

A group of anomalies characterized by a small or an absent left ventricle is

hypoplastic right heart syndrome

The blood returning from the lungs through the pulmonary veins enters into the

left atrium

An EIF is most often seen within the

left ventricle

Which of the following best describes transposition of the great vessels? a. the AO arises from the left ventricle, and the pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle b. the AO arises from the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle c. the aortic arch is narrowed and positioned anterior to the pulmonary vein d. the presence of an omphalocele and ectopic cordis

the AO arises from the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle