FIN 320 chapter 18 LS

The use of local financing from the government of the foreign country where the operation is located ___.

can reduce political risk

Relative purchasing power parity tells us that the exchange rate will rise if the US inflation rate is lower than that of a foreign country. The foreign currency will ______ in value relative to the US dollar

depreciate

A bond issued in multiple countries but denominated in a single currency is a

eurobond

Money deposited in a financial center outside the country whose currency is involved is called ___.

eurocurrency

The world's largest financial market is the:

foreign exchange market

Short-term exposure to exchange rate risk can be reduced by importing raw materials and using________ contracts

forward

In covered interest arbitrage, investors protect themselves against changes in exchange rates by locking in the ____.

forward exchange rate

An agreement to exchange currencies at a future point in time at an exchange rate that is agreed upon today is called ____.

forward trade

british and ------ governments issue gilts.

irish

he interest rate most international banks charge one another for overnight Eurodollar loans is the ____________ interbank offer rate

london

Changes in value due to the actions of governments is referred to as ______ risk.

political

The concept that exchange rates adjust to keep purchasing power constant among currencies is referred to as ___.

purchasing power parity

A cross-rate between two foreign currencies is usually quoted in what currency?

the US dollar

When a U.S. company calculates its accounting net income, it must report all income, including income from foreign operations, in dollars. This leads to ___ exposure to exchange rate risk.

translation

__________ arbitrage helps keep the currency market in equilibrium.

triangle

If US dollars are deposited in banks outside the US banking system, they are referred to as:

Eurodollars

Interest rate parity ___.

eliminates covered interest arbitrage opportunities

The natural consequences of international operations in a world where relative currency values move up and down is called ____.

exchange rate risk

True or false: Political risk refers only to problems for U.S. companies caused by foreign governments.

false

True or false: When a U.S. company calculates its accounting net income, it must report all income, including income from foreign operations, in dollars. This leads to transaction exposure to exchange rate risk.

false

True or false: An interest rate swap occurs when two parties exchange a sub-par loan for a market-rate loan.

false -An interest rate swap occurs when two parties exchange a floating-rate payment for a fixed-rate payment or vice versa.

True or false: A security issued in the United States representing shares of a foreign stock is called a Stars and Stripes Issue.

false -it is called ADR

If an international firm borrows money in the foreign country where it has operations it can reduce ___.

long-run exchange rate exposure

Unanticipated changes in relative economic conditions that affect the value of a foreign operation are known as ___.

long-term exposures to exchange rate risk

Users of the foreign exchange market include ___.

speculators who try to profit from changes in exchange rates importers who pay for goods using foreign currencies foreign exchange brokers who match buy and sell orders

True or false: The management of exchange rate risk should probably be centralized so that the firm has an understanding of its overall positions in foreign currency.

true

An agreement to trade currencies within two business days at today's exchange rate is called a ___.

spot trade

The condition that a commodity costs the same regardless of the currency used or where it is purchased is called:

absolute purchasing power parody

The foreign exchange market is where ____.

one country's currency is traded for another country's currency

What are some strategies for hedging long-term exchange rate risk?

Matching foreign currency inflows and outflows

Relative PPP implies that the change in an exchange rate is driven by the difference in the ______________ of the two countries involved

inflation rates

The day-to-day fluctuations in exchange rates create ___.

short-term exchange rate risk exposure

If an international firm borrows money in the foreign country where it has operations it can reduce ___.

long run exchange rate exposure

A foreign bond refers to a bond:

that is issued in a single country, denominated in the currency of that country

A Eurobond refers to a bond:

that is issued in multiple countries, usually denominated in the currency of the issuer's country

When it is reported that the dollar is stronger in the foreign exchange market it means that ___.

the dollar is more valuable and can buy more of other currencies

True or false: The cross-rate is the exchange rate for a non-U.S. currency expressed in terms of another non-U.S. currency.

true

True or False: If purchasing power parity did not hold, it would be possible to engage in arbitrage simply by transporting products to other countries.

true

True or false: For absolute PPP to hold, there must be no trade barriers such as tariffs, taxes, or political barriers.

true

If the Japanese Yen is less expensive in the forward market than it is today, it is said to be selling at a(n) ______.

discount

A security issued in the United States representing shares of a foreign stock is called a(n):

American Depository Receipt

Why is it more challenging to manage long-term exchange rate risk exposure than to hedge short-term risks?

Organized forward markets do not exist for long-term needs of corporations.

______ states that any difference in interest rates between two countries for some period is equal to the difference between the forward and spot exchange rates, thus eliminating any arbitrage possibilitie

IRP

Which of the following are true concerning triangle arbitrage?

It helps keep the currency market in equilibrium. It is a profitable situation involving three separate currency exchange transactions.

What is the acronym for the interest rate most international banks charge one another for overnight Eurodollar loans?

LIBOR

Currency _______ occurs when the value of the dollar rises and it takes more foreign currency to buy a dollar.

appreciaiton

The foreign exchange market allows for the trading of ______.

currencies

Almost all currency trading takes place in terms of the ___.

US dollar

Conditions that must be present for absolute purchasing power to exist include which of the following?

There must be no trade barriers. The goods must be identical.