Final Exam MGT Ch 10-14

All About Town is a chain of clothiers with locations in malls around the country. It maintains records on the average customer traffic at each location month by month, as well as sales at each facility, net profits for each, and so on. This type of recordkeeping is an example of a(n) ________ system. A) management information B) information technology C) decision support D) artificial intelligence

A) management information

When Sylvia recently left town on personal work, members of her team at TicketTime did not have issues getting in touch with her because she had left a number they could call in case of an emergency. This arrangement best represents A) groupthink. B) a group norm. C) a synergistic requirement. D) group polarization.

B) a group norm.

Tom, the marketing manager, who is a member of a task force for new product development, is expected to represent the marketing department's concerns to the task force. Tom and his involvement with the task force describe A) formal leadership. B) a group role. C) a self-managed role. D) group conformity.

B) a group role.

Negotiations between labor unions and managers to resolve conflicts and disputes about important issues, such as working hours, wages, working conditions, and job security, are known as A) the strategy decision-making process. B) collective bargaining. C) affirmative action. D) the union organizing campaign.

B) collective bargaining.

The salespersons who report to a common sales manager are known as a(n) ________ group. A) formal B) command C) interest D) virtual

B) command

The ability of a manager to give outcomes to or withhold outcomes from subordinates is known as ________ power. A) legitimate B) reward C) expert D) referent

B) reward

The act that made it legal for workers to organize into unions was the A) Fair Labor Standards Act. B) Equal Pay Act. C) National Labor Relations Act. D) Civil Rights Act.

C) National Labor Relations Act.

Another name for a task force is a(n) A) cross-cultural group. B) top management team. C) ad hoc committee. D) cross-functional group.

C) ad hoc committee.

The component of an HRM system that focuses on attempting to attract and hire employees who have the abilities and experiences that will help the organization achieve its goals is known as A) job searching. B) development. C) recruitment and selection. D) advertising.

C) recruitment and selection.

The group who is responsible for developing the strategies that result in an organization's competitive advantage is the A) informal group. B) cross-cultural team. C) top management team. D) virtual team.

C) top management team.

What does a cafeteria-style benefit plan do? A) It permits employees to choose the benefits they want. B) It allows management to have a uniform pay structure. C) It prompts managers to offer the same benefit package to all employees. D) It encourages managers to express confidence in a subordinate's ability to improve.

A) It permits employees to choose the benefits they want.

When a leader motivates subordinates to do a good job, the leader is engaging in A) initiating structure. B) expert power. C) coercive power. D) empowerment.

A) initiating structure.

A production process in which the product goes to whichever workstation is needed to perform the next operation is known as a ________ layout. A) process B) fixed-position C) product D) cellular

A) process

The process of identifying the job descriptions and the job specifications for all of the jobs within an organization is known as a job A) design. B) analysis. C) utilization. D) hypothesis.

B) analysis.

When group cohesiveness increases, A) communication effectiveness declines. B) conformity to norms increases. C) emphasis on goal accomplishment declines. D) members become more motivated to accomplish personal goals.

B) conformity to norms increases.

Which of the following describes self-managing work teams? A) Members are too specialized to fill in for absent coworkers. B) Each member reports to two first-line managers. C) Cost savings arise from eliminating supervisors. D) Members misuse the greater autonomy given to them.

C) Cost savings arise from eliminating supervisors.

What is the advantage of maintaining buffer stocks of inventory? A) It brings down storage costs. B) It supports a JIT inventory system. C) It helps deal with unpredictable supplies. D) It helps quickly identify defective stocks.

C) It helps deal with unpredictable supplies.

A task force submits its report supporting its recommendations on the project that the group has been working on. At which stage is this group operating? A) forming B) storming C) adjourning D) norming

C) adjourning

A production process where component parts are produced throughout the factory and then brought to the production area for final assembly is known as a ________ layout. A) process B) product C) fixed-position D) kanban

C) fixed-position

The premise that effective leaders possess personal qualities that set them apart from ineffective leaders is based on the ________ model. A) task-oriented B) path-goal C) contingency D) trait

D) trait

A performance appraisal, which includes an employee's peers or coworkers, subordinates, supervisors, and sometimes even clients, is called a ________ appraisal. A) personality B) 360-degree C) self-management D) result

B) 360-degree

Compared to women, men as leaders tend to A) be more participative. B) initiate structure more. C) be harsher when punishing workers. D) be more effective leaders.

C) be harsher when punishing workers.

Bobbi hires a lot of people in leadership roles at her cosmetics company. She knows that if she hires female candidate instead of a male, the candidate is likely to A) be less considerate. B) show less engagement in initiating structure. C) be more participative. D) make more decisions on their own.

C) be more participative.

Joanna, a manager, is responsible for organizing a team for the development of a new product. To be successful in creating synergy in the team, Joanna's top priority should be to A) choose members of the most diverse backgrounds possible. B) supervise the group closely and ensure that she is part of all decisions. C) bring in members with complementary skills relevant to the work. D) choose members who have worked together previously without any problems.

C) bring in members with complementary skills relevant to the work.

What is one of the biggest challenges faced by members of virtual teams? A) choosing team leaders B) collaborating on projects C) building trust and camaraderie D) synchronizing communications

C) building trust and camaraderie

What is one way that CRM can maximize the value delivered to customers over time? A) by increasing productivity and decreasing costs throughout the company B) by monitoring the number of products that are returned or exchanged C) by breaking down how much revenue came from sales to existing customers D) by ensuring greater accountability of support staff through quantifiable measures

C) by breaking down how much revenue came from sales to existing customers

The sharing of information between two or more people in order to reach a common understanding is known as A) transmitting. B) encoding. C) communication. D) planning.

C) communication.

A large publishing company engages in outsourcing by A) giving the job of copyediting a manuscript to an editor who has been working for the company for years. B) hiring a full-time copyeditor for the task of copyediting a manuscript. C) contracting with a freelance writer for the task of copyediting a manuscript. D) assigning the task of copyediting a manuscript to a full-time editor who often works from home.

C) contracting with a freelance writer for the task of copyediting a manuscript.

You are the human resources manager for a large computer company, Fusion, Inc. You have just given performance feedback to Amina, who troubleshoots computer problems that customers have via the phone. You praise Amina for her accurate solutions to problems. However, at times she has shown impatience with computer illiterate customers. You give examples of this and discuss with her why this happens and how she can correct this behavior. Afterwards, you review how the performance feedback went and realize that you forgot to include an important element. You plan to correct this by having another meeting with Amina, during which you will A) emphasize to her that she has shown little indication of being able to correct her performance in the past and you hope she can do better in the future. B) give her more examples of how she has shown impatience toward computer illiterate customers and inform Amina that you will be checking her performance in the next few weeks. C) determine with her the amount of time she needs to implement a more patient attitude toward customers and tell her that you will check in with her to see how she is progressing during this period. D) mention to Amina that she wears dresses that have loud, clashing colors, which is inappropriate for the office in which she works.

C) determine with her the amount of time she needs to implement a more patient attitude toward customers and tell her that you will check in with her to see how she is progressing during this period.

Fiona scored extremely well on a variety of standardized tests, and her college grades were perfect. Ed, the human resources director for M-Solutions Group, said she aced all of his screening tests and was perhaps the most intelligent applicant he had ever encountered. Given what he currently knows about Fiona, Ed feels she would probably be most useful to M-Solutions in a position A) that requires her to closely control the behavior of subordinates. B) in a department that is going through a period of uncertainty. C) developing solutions to complex problems. D) that requires meeting many demand simultaneously.

C) developing solutions to complex problems.

Who determines the extent of conformity and reactions to deviance within groups? A) top management teams B) executives C) group members D) friendship teams

C) group members

The pathway through which an encoded message is transmitted to a receiver is known as the A) data. B) feedback. C) medium. D) network.

C) medium.

To participate in B2B marketplaces, companies have to adopt a common A) software standard so that they can meet international requirements. B) set of ethical standards so that they can do business fairly and equitably. C) software standard so that they can search for and share information with each other. D) set of ethical standards so that they can keep out unfair competitors.

C) software standard so that they can search for and share information with each other.

Teams that rarely interact with each other on a face-to-face basis are referred to as ________ teams. A) top management B) command C) virtual D) cross-functional

C) virtual

The sender and receiver reverse their roles, with the receiver now becoming a sender, in the ________ phase. A) transmission B) encoding C) decoding D) feedback

D) feedback

Designing a production system that creates saleable, low-cost products is the responsibility of ________ managers. A) production B) top-level C) first-line D) operations

D) operations

Wings Over America, an airline with flights connection 62 U.S. cities, uses technology to keep track of how many flights were on time over a given period, as well as average revenues and profits per passenger, flight, and airport. This is an example of a(n) ________ system. A) enterprise resource planning B) transaction-processing C) decision support D) operations information

D) operations information

Tests that measure a job applicant's performance on actual tasks of the job are known as ________ tests. A) physical ability B) paper-and-pencil C) personality D) performance

D) performance

Goods and services that are dependable, reliable, able to do what they were designed for and satisfying characterize A) efficiency. B) service support. C) responsiveness. D) quality.

D) quality.

When a manager appraises the performance of an employee by the actual outcomes of the employee's work behaviors, it is called a ________ appraisal. A) selective B) 360-degree C) trait D) results

D) results

Blue Bay International has formed a virtual team to improve quality in its five plants, which are located across three continents. In order to give this team the best chance of succeeding, what could the management do? A) insist that the team use only asynchronous technologies to communicate B) expect that the team will be less cohesive than face-to-face teams and live with it C) trust the team to do its job without any supervision D) schedule periodic face-to-face meetings for all team members

D) schedule periodic face-to-face meetings for all team members

The human resource management process of determining whether a candidate has the potential to perform well in a specific job is a part of A) validation. B) job analysis. C) recruitment. D) selection.

D) selection.

Which attribute of leadership helps managers effectively influence subordinates and persist when faced with obstacles or difficulties? A) dominance B) honesty C) maturity D) self-confidence

D) self-confidence

The tendency of group members to exert less effort when they work in groups than they would exert if they were acting alone is known as A) group cohesiveness. B) undermining. C) group tension. D) social loafing.

D) social loafing.

Information technology (IT) is best defined as a set of A) computing principles applicable to end users in a network. B) techniques or methods used for setting up networks or senders and receivers. C) computing principles applicable to main-frame and networking systems. D) techniques or methods used for obtaining, processing, and sending information.

D) techniques or methods used for obtaining, processing, and sending information.

Barry is an analyst for Sunshine Groves and Cannery, which sells canned fruit products. One of his jobs is to keep track of weather reports, with a particular focus on predicted tropical storms and hurricanes, because the management at Sunshine Fruit particularly needs ________ information. A) quality B) complete C) relevant D) timely

D) timely

Total factor productivity equals A) raw materials divided by labor costs. B) all inputs times all outputs. C) outputs divided by all inputs. D) capital expenditures divided by all inputs.

C) outputs divided by all inputs.

The person who inspires, motivates, and directs the activities of others so that they work toward organizational goals is known as a A) follower. B) leadership substitute. C) coercive leader. D) leader.

D) leader.

Which of the following, according to Fiedler, is a characteristic that managers cannot change based on the situation? A) knowledge B) motivation C) consideration D) leadership

D) leadership

The management of any aspect of production that transforms inputs into finished outputs is known as ________ management. A) quality control B) production system C) operations D) reengineering

C) operations

The managers who are responsible for managing the organization's production system are known as ________ managers. A) TQM B) JIT C) operations D) inventory

C) operations

When managers hire contract employees who are not regular employees of their organization to produce goods and services, it is known as A) open sourcing. B) downsizing. C) outsourcing. D) job specification.

C) outsourcing.

The efficiency of an organization with reference to the contribution of an individual input is known as (the) ________ productivity. A) total factor B) cumulative C) partial D) unit

C) partial

A manager evaluates a subordinate's job performance and his contributions to the organization. This is known as the process of A) control appraisal. B) selection testing. C) performance appraisal. D) results testing.

C) performance appraisal.

Organizing machines in the production process so that each operation is performed at workstations in a fixed sequence is known as a ________ layout. A) process B) circular C) product D) flexible

C) product

The way that demand for a product changes in a predictable pattern over time is known as the ________ cycle. A) product maturity B) marketing development C) product life D) marketing fluctuation

C) product life

Higher product quality can increase efficiency, increase profits, and decrease A) production time. B) employee turnover. C) production costs. D) customer complaints.

C) production costs.

Frequently updated information that reflects current changes in business conditions is called ________ information. A) timely B) on-time C) real-time D) time-sensitive

C) real-time

In the selection process managers use the ________ tool. A) recruiting B) training C) references D) orientation

C) references

Parts arrive at the stage of the production process just when they are needed with a ________ inventory system. A) raw materials B) work-in-process C) finished goods D) JIT

D) JIT

Chauncey takes a job with a manufacturing firm and is appointed to a self-managed work team. As a member of a this type of team, he should expect to be involved in A) learning all team tasks. B) setting the company vision. C) closely supervising the team. D) reducing job-to-job movement.

A) learning all team tasks.

The relative position of an organization's pay incentives in comparison with those of other organizations in the same industry employing similar kinds of workers is called pay A) level. B) structure. C) analysis. D) planning.

A) level.

Client computers that are linked directly to a server constitute a A) local area network (LAN). B) management information system (MIS). C) wide area network (WAN). D) management network system (MNS).

A) local area network (LAN).

An appraisal that provides clear information about what employees are doing right and wrong and how they can improve their performance is called a ________ appraisal. A) subjective B) trait C) behavior D) comprehensive

An appraisal that provides clear information about what employees are doing right and wrong and how they can improve their performance is called a ________ appraisal. A) subjective B) trait C) behavior D) comprehensive

Which of the following defines a team? A) a group that managers or nonmanagerial employees form to help achieve their own goals or meet their own needs B) a group whose members work intensely with one another to achieve a specific common goal or objective C) a group composed of the CEO, the president, and the heads of the most important departments D) a group of two or more people who interact with each other to accomplish certain goals or meet certain needs

B) a group whose members work intensely with one another to achieve a specific common goal or objective

A manager changes jobs within an organization and moves to another job at the same level without any major changes in authority or responsibility. This is known as A) internal development. B) a lateral move. C) external development. D) a vertical move.

B) a lateral move.

Partial productivity measures the efficiency of ________in the production of a given output A) an input ratio B) a specific input C) a production unit D) total labor cost

B) a specific input

The main responsibility of operations managers is to manage the three stages of production ranging from A) acquisition of inputs to control of conversion processes. B) acquisition of inputs to disposal of goods and services. C) control of conversion processes to disposal of goods and services. D) disposal of goods and services to customer relationship management.

B) acquisition of inputs to disposal of goods and services.

Members of virtual teams rely on information technology. Virtual team members communicate and interact with one another in real time simultaneously using technology such as videoconferencing, teleconferencing, and electronic meetings. This type of technology is known as A) asynchronous technology. B) synchronous technology. C) virtuality. D) global-synchronous technology.

B) synchronous technology.

The process by which a manager shares performance information with a subordinate and develops a plan for the future development of that subordinate is known as A) training. B) selection. C) feedback. D) assessment.

C) feedback.

A new product development team for Fountain Cards Limited includes an artist whose job it is to draw the illustrations that will accompany new cards. This artist is acting according to his or her A) virtual role. B) interest group. C) group role. D) wishful thinking.

C) group role.

Which of the following refers to the amount of legitimate, reward, and coercive power that a leader has by virtue of his or her position in an organization? A) leader style B) task structure C) position power D) leader relations

C) position power

In choosing a communication medium for any message, managers need to consider three factors: information richness, A) time, and the need for confidentiality. B) cost, and the need for confidentiality. C) time, and the need for a paper trail. D) cost, and the need for a paper trail.

C) time, and the need for a paper trail.

Anything that hampers any stage of the communication process is known as A) a code. B) feedback. C) fuzz. D) noise.

D) noise.

When Julie started as customer service manager at a call center six months ago, she instituted a new policy insisting that no more than two group members could be off the phones at any one time. To that end she wrote a schedule that staggered break and lunch times throughout the day. At first, her team demonstrated total compliance, but lately she has noticed that group members are breaking the rule and gathering in larger groups at lunch time. Despite repeatedly disciplining her subordinates, the behavior continues. Based on what you know about conformity and deviance, which of the following actions best ensures that Julie's team regains its efficiency and competitive advantage? A) After asking her team about their actions and learning that they miss chatting as a group over lunch, she should revise her policy to allow larger groups to congregate provided there are at least four people manning the phones at all times. B) She should increase the punishment for those who leave their posts at unsanctioned times, including terminating any group member caught breaking the rule more than five times in a 30-day period. C) She should set up a tiered system of rewards for employees, granting extra breaks to those who adhere to the policy for one or more consecutive weeks, and a full day off with pay for those with a month-long spotless record. D) She should rescind the policy completely and let the chaos that she believes will ensue be a lesson to the group, thereby teaching her employees the value of discipline and the need for rules, particularly in a business setting.

A) After asking her team about their actions and learning that they miss chatting as a group over lunch, she should revise her policy to allow larger groups to congregate provided there are at least four people manning the phones at all times

Which of the following best describes relationship-oriented leaders? A) Leaders whose primary concern is to develop good relationships with their subordinates and to be liked by them B) leaders whose primary concerns are to ensure that subordinates perform at a high level and that tasks are completed fully C) leaders whose primary concern is to develop a team that is better than the rest D) leaders whose primary concerns are to ensure that teams work independently and constructively

A) Leaders whose primary concern is to develop good relationships with their subordinates and to be liked by them

Praxis Technologies' supplier is in a country that was recently affected by a natural disaster, with the result that production was completely halted for several weeks. However, their competitor, Burnham, was much more adversely affected because of the fact that, unlike Praxis, Burnham uses a system in which they receive supplies only as they need them. What was Praxis able to do in response to the crisis that Burnham was not? A) They were able to use their buffer stock of inventory to fulfill back orders until production resumed. B) They were able to use CRM technology to let their customers know that orders would be delayed. C) They were able to quickly farm out production of their stock to several smaller, local factories. D) They were able to hire a factory manufacturing generic components to produce them using the Praxis brand.

A) They were able to use their buffer stock of inventory to fulfill back orders until production resumed

In today's office environment, the term network is best identified as A) a group of interlinked computers that exchange information. B) the relationship between the organization and its customer base. C) a number of computers that together feed in to a common system. D) the company's website, as well as its telephone system.

A) a group of interlinked computers that exchange information.

The set of behaviors and tasks that a member of the group is expected to perform because he or she is a member of the group is known as A) a group role. B) virtual teamwork. C) group polarization. D) a group norm.

A) a group role.

Participative behavior is used to A) allow subordinates to have a say in matters that concern them. B) show subordinates how to complete tasks and take concrete steps to improve performance. C) express concern for subordinates and look out for their best interests. D) motivate subordinates to perform at the highest level possible.

A) allow subordinates to have a say in matters that concern them.

A software firm has an opening for a software programmer. Jason, the HR manager, is making a list of all the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that make up a software programmer's job. He then lists the knowledge, skills, and abilities that a candidate should possess in order for him or her to perform the job. By doing this, Jason is developing a job A) analysis. B) validation. C) utilization. D) design.

A) analysis.

April has been hired as a manager at Hop Shop, a trampoline manufacturer. At Hop Shop, several departments have never been led by a female, and some of the workers are resistant to following April. April can deal with this by A) asking workers what they think about the newest trampoline designs. B) punishing the biased workers more harshly when they make errors. C) avoiding interacting with employees who hold these negative, biased views. D) making it a point to make the final decisions about design and packaging herself.

A) asking workers what they think about the newest trampoline designs.

Deanna manages a large department store, and as a result, she has the capacity to give the store's employees written warnings, reduce their work hours, or fire them if they do not perform adequately. This is an example of her ________ power. A) coercive B) legitimate C) referent D) expert

A) coercive

George travels to China to learn about plastic injection molding techniques in a factory partnering with his factory in Kentucky. When he gets to the Chinese factory, he is surprised to see workers focusing much more on group goals rather than meeting their individual production rates. What George is witnessing is a(n) ________ culture. A) collectivistic B) individualistic C) nurturing D) low uncertainty avoidance

A) collectivistic

Managers frequently assume a leadership role in which of the following groups or teams? A) command groups and top management teams B) research and development teams C) task forces D) standing committees

A) command groups and top management teams

The four factors that determine the usefulness of information to managers are quality, timeliness, ________, and relevance. A) completeness B) variety C) detail D) consistency

A) completeness

Lucia calls a former college professor and asks him to write a letter to her prospective employer commenting on her classroom performance. This is an example of A) references. B) recruiting. C) selection. D) performance testing.

A) references.

Among the advantages of spoken communication transmitted over phone lines or via the Internet are the ability to A) convey large amounts of information and ensure mutual understanding. B) ensure the highest possible level of interaction, as well as mutual understanding. C) convey large amounts of information and leave a permanent record of the communication. D) ensure the highest possible level of interaction and leave a permanent record of the communication.

A) convey large amounts of information and ensure mutual understanding.

The strategic planning committee at Comfort Fabric Clothing Company consists of managers from engineering, R&D, production, marketing, and finance. This is an example of a(n) A) cross-functional team. B) informal group. C) virtual team. D) command group.

A) cross-functional team.

A technique that uses IT to develop an ongoing relationship with buyers to maximize the value an organization can deliver to them over time is A) customer relationship management. B) total quantity management. C) customer database management. D) customer-technology interface.

A) customer relationship management.

Gunnar, the Director of Operations at Fantastic Foods, has worked with other managers over the years to set up groups and teams to handle issues. One of the recent groups, which is also a team, is the A) dean search committee that interacts frequently by various means over a period of several months. B) group of sales representatives for a hardware company, each with his or her own geographical territory. C) group of factory workers who belong to a labor union that typically meets once a month. D) board of directors of a restaurant corporation that meets quarterly.

A) dean search committee that interacts frequently by various means over a period of several months.

A system that gives managers a model-building capability and provides them with the ability to manipulate information in a variety of ways in order to make nonprogrammed judgments is a(n) ________ system. A) decision support B) artificial intelligence C) expert D) real-time

A) decision support

Because Marcia is the assistant manager at Wood Hill Liquors, she is able to give or withhold tangible rewards. Therefore, Marcia is able to A) delegate choice job assignments. B) give verbal praise. C) give a pat on the back. D) grant respect.

A) delegate choice job assignments.

The process of identifying in writing the tasks, duties, and responsibilities for a specific job results in a job A) description. B) specification. C) validation. D) design.

A) description.

In a fixed-position production layout A) different teams assemble different component parts. B) the product is moved from one workstation to the next. C) component parts are made in the assembling area. D) products that are heavy are more difficult to make.

A) different teams assemble different component parts.

Splitting the work to be performed into particular tasks and assigning tasks to individual workers is called A) division of labor. B) performance. C) role making. D) formation.

A) division of labor.

A trend in nonverbal communication on the part of managers is to A) dress informally in order to communicate the idea that all employees are on the same team. B) send messages about teamwork and equality using the medium of spoken language. C) dress formally, in a suit and tie, as a way of communicating the idea of equality. D) send messages, through the medium of written language, about the importance of teamwork.

A) dress informally in order to communicate the idea that all employees are on the same team.

Which of the following aspects of a group includes the characteristics and processes from which the group derives its function and effectiveness? A) dynamics B) norms C) tasks D) development

A) dynamics

In order to increase efficiency and improve quality, managers need A) effective communication. B) to dominate their subordinates. C) to beat the competition. D) a unique and special ability.

A) effective communication.

In the product life cycle, a product has yet to gain widespread acceptance, the customers are unsure what it product has to offer, and demand for it is minimal in the ________ stage. A) embryonic B) introduction C) rollout D) unveiling

A) embryonic

Tilford Tractors gives assembly-line workers the authority to shut down the production line whenever they believe that there is a quality defect in the production process. In granting this authority to their workers, Tilford has implemented A) empowerment. B) relationship-oriented power. C) consideration power. D) referent power.

A) empowerment.

A system that makes use of human knowledge embedded in computer software to solve problems that ordinarily require human expertise is known as a(n) ________ system. A) expert B) intelligent C) sentient D) learning

A) expert

Gretchen, a construction crew supervisor, uses her coercive power effectively to motivate employees. Because of her coercive power, Gretchen would be able to A) fire a subordinate. B) monitor her subordinates. C) show respect for subordinates. D) hire a subordinate.

A) fire a subordinate.

Much time is lost when a washer ring manufacturer changes the settings in the equipment from those for cars to those for trucks. Which of the following will help it save time? A) flexible manufacturing B) self-managed teams C) process layout D) product layout

A) flexible manufacturing

In which stage of group development is it particularly important for managers to strive to make each member feel that he or she is a valued part of the group? A) forming B) adjourning C) norming D) storming

A) forming

Shoe Zoo, Inc., is a company that has chosen to use a JIT system. Their productivity will improve because the company can now A) give quick feedback to suppliers of defective goods. B) respond quickly to increased customer demand. C) have a buffer stock of inventory available. D) store more raw material in less space.

A) give quick feedback to suppliers of defective goods.

Generally, other things being equal, most customers prefer products with A) good after-sales service. B) fewer and simpler features. C) standardized features. D) cost-effectiveness.

A) good after-sales service.

Shared guidelines or rules of behavior that most group members follow are called group A) deviance. B) dynamics. C) norms. D) cohesiveness.

C) norms.

A number of people in the customer service department of Amazing Online Items have expressed their desire to be able to telecommute one day a week and believe this will increase their productivity and offer relief from the stress of traveling to the office in dense traffic. Sergei suggests they talk to their manager about instituting this change. Forming which type of group increases the likelihood of success when these employees approach their manager with their proposal? A) interest B) formal C) command D) virtual

A) interest

Both e-commerce and business-to-customer (B2C) commerce involve the use of technology and the Internet; the difference is that e-commerce A) involves trade between companies and between companies and individual customers, whereas B2C commerce only involves trades between companies and individual customers. B) is exclusively related to the marketing of wholesale products, whereas B2C commerce involves the sale of both wholesale and retail products. C) only involves trade between companies and individual customers, whereas B2C commerce involves trades between companies and individual customers, as well as trade between companies. D) encompasses the sale of both wholesale and retail products, whereas B2C commerce involves only the sale of retail products.

A) involves trade between companies and between companies and individual customers, whereas B2C commerce only involves trades between companies and individual customers.

Because Alyce is a department manager, she has reward power. As a result of this power, she A) is able to give pay raises. B) is an expert in the eyes of her subordinates. C) can give verbal reprimands. D) provides technical expertise to her subordinates.

A) is able to give pay raises.

In her capacity as an analyst for Hardy Brothers, which sells living room and bedroom suits to retail consumers, Terri monitors a wide variety of information from worldwide sources. Her focus is on issues that affect pricing, in particular the availability and cost of various types of wood, cloth, and other materials. This is an example of the fact that managers need information in order to A) make effective decisions. B) control the activities of the organization. C) monitor the marketplace. D) coordinate the company's activities.

A) make effective decisions.

When demand for a product has peaked and there are relatively few first-time buyers, the product has entered the ________ stage of the product life cycle. A) maturity B) decline C) saturation D) peak

A) maturity

In today's office environment, a group of interlinked computers that exchange information are collectively referred to as a(n) A) network. B) conglomerate. C) Ethernet. D) medium.

A) network.

In measuring the total factor productivity of an organization, which of the following is an example of the contribution of the raw materials to output production? A) number of tons of iron ore required to make one ton of steel B) total number of units of energy consumed C) number of man hours required to process raw materials D) total number of employees required to operate the machinery

A) number of tons of iron ore required to make one ton of steel

Sundeep is the owner of Celebration Florists, a chain of flower shops, and has been in business for five years. While Celebration is known for its quality arrangements and low prices, an older chain, Ruth's Flowers, consistently outperforms them on customer satisfaction measures. Celebration has a great website and a robust social media presence. The marketing department frequently sends out discount offers, generic follow-up letters, and conducts customer surveys by mail, but the business still receives only average customer service ratings. Meanwhile, Ruth's is known for having a loyal base of long-time, repeat customers. After using a new automated CRM system to collect customer data, Celebration's marketing manager, Celia, discovers that customers feel Celebration's service is a little "cold" and "by the numbers." What should Celebration do to improve its customer relationships? A) offer personalized service to existing customers, such as specially designed arrangements and discounts B) run more ads on the local television stations so customers can see how beautiful Celebration's flowers are C) reduce employee hours so that Celebration can offer even lower prices than Ruth's D) focus on targeting corporate customers who are more likely to order multiple arrangements at once

A) offer personalized service to existing customers, such as specially designed arrangements and discounts

Which of the following calculates labor productivity? A) outputs divided by direct labor B) inputs divided by total outputs C) direct labor times total inputs D) direct labor times specific outputs

A) outputs divided by direct labor

General Motors tests applicants for autoworker positions on their mechanical dexterity in an attempt to determine if they have the capability to perform an assembly-line job. This is an example of ________ testing. A) physical ability B) personality C) situational D) unstructured

A) physical ability

The ability of a leader to get others to act in certain ways is known as that leader's A) power. B) initiating structure. C) philosophy. D) task orientation.

A) power.

A fixed-position layout is most likely to be used in production of A) prefab homes. B) patio furniture. C) food packaging. D) soft home goods.

A) prefab homes.

Which type of layout is best suited for custom-made products? A) process layout B) product layout C) fixed-position layout D) batch layout

A) process layout

A ________ system is one that an organization uses to obtain inputs, convert them into outputs, and then dispose of these outputs. A) production B) quality control management C) reengineering D) line management

A) production

The attributes of an organization's outputs are determined by its ________ system. A) production B) quality control C) efficiency D) distribution

A) production

Business-to-business (B2B) commerce increases profitability because it A) reduces operating costs and may improve overall quality. B) allows companies to make use of technology and the Internet. C) reduces the number of companies in the supply chain and may improve overall quality. D) allows companies to market their products directly to end users.

A) reduces operating costs and may improve overall quality.

Darren, a job applicant seeking a position in an organization is asked to furnish written letters from former supervisors about the quality of his work performance. This applicant is being asked to provide A) references. B) unstructured interviews. C) personality characteristics. D) citations.

A) references.

DigiFun, Inc., has long held the position as the premier video game company in the world. However, recently its position has been slipping. The company's games have become somewhat stale, while competitors have fresher, more innovative games that have sold well. As the head of human resources for DigiFun, Prim wants to figure out why her company's performance has declined. The veteran game designers for the company, which helped to bring it to prominence, have either retired or been lured to other companies. The new crop of designers has not contributed as many fresh ideas, even though they are well educated in their field and have kept up with the latest technical advances. Also, they do not seem to be motivated to do great work. Prim realizes she can effectively and efficiently help DigiFun regain its dominant position by A) requiring potential hires to complete a series of tests to gauge their ability to innovate and devising a new bonus structure that gives the person who originates an idea a share of the resulting profits. B) selecting only highly educated game designers who have at least 15 years of experience and sending all current employees to a week-long game creation boot camp. C) sending all current employees to seminars that teach them leadership and teamwork skills and collecting customer feedback and posting it around the office so designers are reminded of recent responses. D) enacting disciplinary procedures for employees who fail to bring creative ideas to team meetings two or more months in a row and firing employees to fail to do so for six cumulative months in a year.

A) requiring potential hires to complete a series of tests to gauge their ability to innovate and devising a new bonus structure that gives the person who originates an idea a share of the resulting profits.

The classroom instruction that focuses on allowing trainees to either directly participate in or watch others perform actual job activities in a simulated setting is called A) role-playing. B) validity testing. C) reliability testing. D) orientation.

A) role-playing.

Reduced setup times lead to reduced A) setup costs and increased efficiency. B) efficiency and increased labor costs. C) inventory costs and increased setup costs. D) efficiency and increased inventory costs.

A) setup costs and increased efficiency.

To ensure that dysfunctional norms are discarded and replaced with functional ones, the group should require A) some deviance. B) social loafing. C) group polarization. D) conformity.

A) some deviance.

When managers use a set of predetermined questions for all the applicants for a specific job, this is known as a(n) ________ interview. A) structured B) unstructured C) stress D) behavioral

A) structured

A manager at a hospital designs a training class that uses a simulation by having nurse candidates A) take part in a surgery with a dummy patient. B) watch a video showing a surgery. C) watch other nurses assist a surgery. D) enroll in a university course about surgery.

A) take part in a surgery with a dummy patient.

Kristian is the human resource manager for Lifeline, Inc., a wilderness search-and-rescue operation. He will be training new recruits for a job that requires crossing mountainous, and often treacherous, terrain and administering first aid. Which of the following should Kristian do to prepare recruits? A) take recruits to a climbing gym or other controlled area where he can lead recruits through imaginary rescues and demonstrate first aid techniques B) show recruits a variety of training videos depicting various rescues that have occurred and have them read a book on how to provide emergency aid in the field C) require that all recruits get CPR training and then take them on a real-life rescue mission because the best way to learn is on the job D) send them off on a week-long trek through one of the local mountain ranges with only a few basic supplies and a radio

A) take recruits to a climbing gym or other controlled area where he can lead recruits through imaginary rescues and demonstrate first aid techniques

Avril is a middle manager in a business office. Avril was put into the leadership role with little guidance and no clear expectations, and she now leads a team that is notoriously difficult. Her employees have never liked any supervisor, and do not like her. Given her situation, Avril will likely be most successful if she is A) task-oriented. B) relationship-oriented. C) participative. D) autocratic.

A) task-oriented.

The operations management technique that has a goal of designing the machine-worker interface to increase production efficiency is A) the facilities layout. B) quality circles. C) flexible manufacturing. D) production system improvement.

A) the facilities layout.

Fiedler used the term "leader style" to refer to A) the manager's characteristic approach to leadership. B) how clearly subordinates understand the task to be done. C) the authority a leader has due to his or her position in the organization. D) how well people like and trust their leader.

A) the manager's characteristic approach to leadership.

Path-goal theory is a contingency model because it proposes that the steps managers should take to motivate subordinates depend on A) the nature of the subordinates and the type of work they do. B) market and individual customer demands. C) the supply costs and quality possible, based on the budget. D) the task difficulty and expected task length.

A) the nature of the subordinates and the type of work they do.

In the communication process, a receiver is A) the person or group for which the message is intended. B) a mechanism programmed to serve as a recipient for data. C) any medium through which messages can be transmitted. D) one who encodes messages for transmission.

A) the person or group for which the message is intended.

In a self-managed work team A) the typical team consists of 5 to 10 members. B) each member specializes in any one area of work. C) team members delegate responsibility to supervisors. D) a tall organizational hierarchy is created.

A) the typical team consists of 5 to 10 members.

The job of encouraging improvements by emphasizing the need for continuous improvement or reengineering is the role of A) top management. B) middle management. C) first-line supervisors. D) customers.

A) top management.

The outputs of an organization divided by all of its inputs is called its ________ productivity. A) total factor B) total labor C) partial D) total capital

A) total factor

The component of an HRM system that focuses on helping employees to build the skills and abilities that will enable them to perform their jobs successfully is A) training and development. B) education and advancement. C) quality improvement. D) performance appraisal.

A) training and development.

Curt lets his employees know when there is a problem so they can all work to fix it. Curt even discusses problems that are the company's fault and are typically withheld from employees. What type of manager is Curt? A) transformational B) charismatic C) transactional D) relationship-oriented

A) transformational

Marissa heads Destination Quick, a delivery company that has posted negative earnings for several quarters. It is clear the company is having difficulties, and needs a new approach. Which leadership approach is most likely to help Marissa lead Destination Quick to long-term effectiveness? A) transformational B) charismatic C) transactional D) contingency

A) transformational

What type of leadership promotes trust in their leaders and the organizations? A) transformational B) charismatic C) transactional D) servant

A) transformational

In the communication process, information is shared between two or more individuals or groups in the ________ phase. A) transmission B) encoding C) filtering D) sending

A) transmission

A manager who is a transactional leader A) uses reward and coercive powers. B) communicates vision to subordinates. C) intellectually stimulates subordinates. D) encourages subordinates to grow.

A) uses reward and coercive powers.

A manager attempting to select a test for a job applicant that will be a good predictor of the applicant's performance on the job should be primarily concerned with the ________ of the test. A) validity B) stability C) reliability D) compatibility

A) validity

Which of the following enables managers to disregard geographic distances? A) virtual team B) command team C) informal team D) task force

A) virtual team

When team leaders of various cross-functional groups report to the same manager, the team leaders form a ________ group. A) research and development B) command C) virtual D) self-managed work

B) command

The degree to which the members of a group are attracted to membership in the group is known as group A) organization. B) cohesiveness. C) uniformity. D) tolerance.

B) cohesiveness.

The contingency model that focuses on how managers motivate subordinates by identifying their desired outcomes, rewarding them for high performance, and the attainment of work goals with these desired outcomes is A) the transformational leadership theory. B) House's path-goal theory. C) the leader substitutes model. D) Fiedler's model.

B) House's path-goal theory.

What is one way a CRM system can improve marketing? A) It allows IT employees to secretly infiltrate and target customers' social media accounts. B) It allows marketing manager access to detailed customer profiles and purchase histories. C) It gives managers a general idea of the changes they need to make to improve efficiency. D) It reduces the time needed for compiling customer data, giving staff more free time.

B) It allows marketing manager access to detailed customer profiles and purchase histories.

For the last decade, KayJay Toys has been using an overseas factory to make their hard plastic toys. However, the quality of the products has been in decline for the last several years. In addition to using cheaper materials, the factory uses an assembly process that is very quick but often results in uneven quality, with retailers returning 5 out of every 100 units as detective. The decreased quality is beginning to negatively impact KayJay's bottom line. What is KayJay's best course of action in order to save money and increase their profits? A) KayJay should keep the manufacturer, but use a different method of packaging and shipping the toys. B) KayJay should switch to a different factory that uses better materials and processes, improving quality. C) KayJay should close their brick and mortar shops and switch to an online-only shopping model. D) KayJay should consult with the factory about using a different assembly method for the products.

B) KayJay should switch to a different factory that uses better materials and processes, improving quality

Juan just hired his friend, Warren, to manage a team of union welders in an automotive factory. Juan worked with Warren before in a small, privately-owned welding shop. In the welding shop, Warren was the first shift superintendent, where he modestly demonstrated that he knew more about welding than anyone in the region, and he always came up with brilliant solutions. Warren knew his ideas were good, he owned up to his mistakes when he made them, and his workers successfully followed his lead, making him the most productive leader the welding shop had ever employed. However, only a month after hiring his friend, Juan is disappointed to learn that Warren is failing as a manager in the automotive factory. Warren does his job the same way he always has, but he keeps failing to follow the complex bureaucratic procedures in the factory, he repeatedly breaks the agreement between management and the union, and his workers do not listen to him. Which of the following is most likely causing these issues? A) Warren does not possess the traits of a good leader. B) Warren's ability to lead depends upon the situation. C) Warren does not know how to behave like a leader. D) Warren's employees know more about welding than Warren does.

B) Warren's ability to lead depends upon the situation

An appraisal of a subordinate by a manager in terms of that manager's perceptions of the traits, behaviors, and results produced by that subordinate is known as A) an objective appraisal. B) a subjective appraisal. C) management by objectives. D) a 360-degree appraisal.

B) a subjective appraisal.

Quest Motors asks applicants for assembly-line positions to complete a computer exercise on their reading and mathematical skills in order to determine if they have the mental aptitude necessary to do these types of jobs. Quest is utilizing the screening procedure of ________ tests. A) personality B) ability C) situational D) unstructured

B) ability

Tests that assess the skills of a job applicant that are necessary for the successful performance of a job are known as ________ tests. A) stress management B) ability C) structured interview D) performance

B) ability

The quality of information is determined by its A) timeliness and reliability. B) accuracy and reliability. C) timeliness and detail. D) accuracy and detail.

B) accuracy and reliability.

Which of the following stage of group development applies only to groups that eventually are disbanded, such as task forces? A) forming B) adjourning C) norming D) storming

B) adjourning

Despite its advantages, face-to-face communication has two important disadvantages, which are the A) unplanned nature of it and the lack of a paper or electronic trail. B) amount of time it takes and the lack of a paper or electronic trail. C) unplanned nature of it and the lack of information richness. D) amount of time it takes and the lack of information richness.

B) amount of time it takes and the lack of a paper or electronic trail.

While providing effective performance feedback to an employee, which of the following is an effective approach for a manager? A) providing performance feedback only formally and not informally B) approaching performance appraisal as an exercise in problem solving and solution finding C) avoiding being specific on an employee's behaviors that are correctable. D) avoiding focusing on outcomes of a worker that are within the worker's ability to improve

B) approaching performance appraisal as an exercise in problem solving and solution finding

How might a service organization best increase the quality of its products or services? A) by cutting services in order to reduce the cost to consumers B) by following up after purchase with a personal phone call C) by focusing on the speed with which service is delivered D) by outspending competitors on advertising and branding

B) by following up after purchase with a personal phone call

A product layout is most likely to be used in making A) custom furniture. B) cars. C) jet engines D) mining equipment.

B) cars.

Arlene is the CEO of a dental products supplier. Each week she holds pep rallies where she runs into the room and cheers, telling the employees how their company will revolutionize dental care around the world and how great their mission is. What type of leader is Arlene? A) transformational B) charismatic C) transactional D) considerate

B) charismatic

Renzo is an enthusiastic leader who believes in his ideas. Renzo stops to explain to other workers how badly he wants the company to succeed and how great life will be for all of them when they carry out his ideas. Renzo is best described as a ________ leader. A) transformational B) charismatic C) transactional D) path-goal

B) charismatic

Ramelle, an executive with AmericaMoves Mini-Storage, wants to compare her firm's efficiency to that of its competitors. To do so, she should A) assess the financial ratios of the firm versus the competition. B) compare the firm's labor productivity to that of the competition. C) compare the amount of materials used to that of the competition. D) conduct a survey of customers' opinions about the firm's efficiency.

B) compare the firm's labor productivity to that of the competition.

What do teams need to balance in order to effectively help an organization gain a competitive advantage? A) behavior and group norms B) conformity and deviance C) performance and cohesiveness D) tolerance and polarization

B) conformity and deviance

To ensure that the group can control their members' behavior and channel them in the direction of high performance and group goal accomplishment, the group should require A) unanimity. B) conformity. C) norms. D) consistency.

B) conformity.

Which of the following is displayed by managers who look out for their subordinates' well-being and see to it that they enjoy their work? A) initiating structure B) consideration behavior C) empowerment D) escalation of commitment

B) consideration behavior

Caring Touch, an assisted-living facility, conducts friendly competitions between teams and rewards them with bagels every Friday morning. The main purpose of these games is to promote togetherness in the organization. This effort by the management of Caring Touch best describes A) initiating structure. B) consideration. C) empowerment. D) task-structure.

B) consideration.

Emmanuel is the owner and manager of a tutoring company. He often lets his employees open the business when he has a busy morning, and he lets them record their own tutoring hours without verifying them because he trusts them fully. Emmanuel is practicing A) initiating structure. B) consideration. C) coercion. D) escalation of commitment.

B) consideration.

The concept that the effectiveness of a leader depends on the situation that the leader faces is proposed by the ________ model of leadership theory. A) trait B) contingency C) empowerment D) path-goal

B) contingency

Which of the following takes into account the situation or context within which leadership occurs? A) traits B) contingency C) empowerment D) path-goal

B) contingency

The management of Antonio's Pizzeria, a nationwide chain, has set a goal regarding average delivery time for its drivers. Over the next six months, data comes in from stores all over the country, and once it has been processed into information, the company leadership reviews it and sees how well various stores are doing at meeting companywide goals. Using its findings, they will reward some local managers and drivers for exceeding the goals, and they will encourage others to pick up the pace. This is an example of the fact that management needs information in order to A) make effective decisions. B) control the activities of the organization. C) monitor the marketplace. D) coordinate the company's activities.

B) control the activities of the organization.

The management of efficiency is an extremely important issue in most organizations, because increased efficiency generally helps A) decrease employee turnover. B) decrease production costs. C) increase customer satisfaction. D) decrease total labor costs.

B) decrease production costs.

An organization reimburses managers for graduate school tuition whenever they receive a grade of A or B in management-related courses. This component of the HRM process is A) on-the-job training. B) development. C) orientation. D) role-playing.

B) development.

Antwon manages a sheet metal shop, and he constantly looks for classes for his employees to take, searches for online videos describing better fabricating methods he can share with his employees, and tries to promote from within the shop. Antwon is engaging in A) initiating structure. B) developmental consideration. C) charisma. D) intellectual stimulation.

B) developmental consideration.

When a member of a group fails to act consistently with a group norm, this is known as A) synergy. B) deviance. C) groupthink. D) group polarization.

B) deviance.

Madison's subordinates cannot seem to get their work done on time. Madison has spoken with them, and they say it is just impossible to complete everything that is asked of them. Madison knows they can do it, because she used to do the same job and once felt the same way before she figured it out. Madison should deal with the situation by using ________ behavior. A) supportive B) directive C) participative D) achievement-oriented

B) directive

The type of leadership behavior that is similar to "initiating structure" of the behavior model is A) consideration. B) directive behavior. C) supportive behavior. D) participation.

B) directive behavior.

A major problem that self-managed work teams can encounter is A) selection of members with the right skills and ability to work with others. B) disciplining team members. C) being given work that is sufficiently complex. D) managers who are too "hands off".

B) disciplining team members.

Advanced Software Defense Systems sells a variety of products to protect against spyware, malware, viruses, and other dangers to computer users. Operating primarily from its website, it serves a range of clients, from large companies with full service package to individual users. This is an example of A) B2B commerce. B) e-commerce. C) a B2B marketplace. D) an e-commerce marketplace.

B) e-commerce.

The best example of impersonal written communication would be a(n) A) text message from a supervisor to a specific subordinate. B) emailed companywide announcement of procedural changes. C) text message from a supervisor to several subordinates. D) email to company managers soliciting their input.

B) emailed companywide announcement of procedural changes.

A production supervisor delegates to production workers the responsibility to schedule their own work activities depending on the job requirements on the daily schedule. This situation is an example of A) initiating structure. B) empowerment. C) an unfavorable leadership situation. D) participation.

B) empowerment.

Action Arena gives its booth supervisors the authority to decide when to give a free ticket for a future event to a customer who has been to a performance that ended early or that experienced technical difficulties at some point. This is an example of A) facilitation. B) empowerment. C) bureaucracy. D) charisma.

B) empowerment.

In the transmission phase of the communication process, the sender translates the message into symbols or language, a process known as A) broadcasting. B) encoding. C) deciphering. D) sending.

B) encoding.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a transformational manager? A) holding subordinates to a structured methodology for task completion B) engaging in developmental consideration of others C) completing tasks without making major changes to organizational procedures D) relying on reward and punishment as the primary means of motivation

B) engaging in developmental consideration of others

Managers choose members of research and development teams based on their A) institutional knowledge. B) expertise and experience. C) departmental seniority. D) cultural background.

B) expertise and experience.

Fiedler uses the term "task structure" to refer to the A) behavior indicating that a manager trusts, respects, and cares about subordinates. B) extent to which the work of subordinates is clear so that they know what to do and how to do it. C) amount of legitimate, reward, and coercive power that a leader has by virtue of his or her position. D) extent to which followers like, trust, and are loyal to their leader.

B) extent to which the work of subordinates is clear so that they know what to do and how to do it.

The way in which machines, robots, and people are grouped together in the production process is known as A) kanban. B) facilities layout. C) kaizen. D) TQM.

B) facilities layout.

The difference between the transmission and the feedback phases of communication is that in the A) transmission phase, communication requires a medium. B) feedback phase, the receiver becomes a sender. C) transmission phase, communication requires encoding. D) feedback phase, the sender transmits a message.

B) feedback phase, the receiver becomes a sender.

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of group development? A) forming, storming, performing, norming, adjourning B) forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning C) forming, norming, storming, performing, adjourning D) forming, performing, norming, storming, adjourning

B) forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

Informal groups of workers who enjoy one another's company and meet socially either on or off the job are referred to as A) cross-functional groups. B) friendship groups. C) command groups. D) task forces.

B) friendship groups.

Which of the following refers to two or more people who specifically interact with each other to accomplish certain goals or meet certain needs? A) executives B) group members C) employees D) participants

B) group members

The term data is best defined as a set of facts that A) are organized in a meaningful fashion. B) have not been summarized or analyzed. C) are available to a variety of users. D) have been collected from various sources.

B) have not been summarized or analyzed.

Which of the following typically represents the impact of increased quality on organizational performance? A) increased reliability that leads to lower prices B) increased productivity that leads to lower costs C) higher prices that lead to lower profits D) higher costs that lead to higher profits

B) increased productivity that leads to lower costs

The best way to describe the difference between a transaction-processing system and an operations information system is that a transaction-processing system processes routine transactions, whereas an operations information system provides A) large amounts of data that can then be compiled in a meaningful format. B) information managers can use in nonroutine decision-making and other kinds of tasks. C) organizations with the ability to track various functions and divisions in real time. D) models that help managers make better nonprogrammed decisions.

B) information managers can use in nonroutine decision-making and other kinds of tasks.

The set of methods or techniques used to acquire, organize, store, manipulate, and transmit information is known as A) management information systems (MIS). B) information technology (IT). C) management in technology (MIT). D) information systems (IS).

B) information technology (IT).

Tamora and her work team are preparing a set of graphs and charts showing their company's performance over the past four quarters as compared with that of their three leading competitors. This is an example of A) data. B) information. C) systems. D) facts.

B) information.

When a leader assigns work to a subordinate and makes sure that the work gets done acceptably, the leader is engaging in A) empowerment. B) initiating structure. C) consideration. D) relationship-oriented behavior.

B) initiating structure.

Although a process layout often reduces efficiency, it is preferred for manufacturing custom products because A) it is more cost effective. B) it provides increased flexibility. C) standardization is impossible. D) it reduces mistakes made by workers.

B) it provides increased flexibility.

A likely disadvantage of internal recruiting in organizations is the A) high cost of recruitment. B) lack of new ideas and approaches. C) lack of knowledge about the inner workings. D) need for more training.

B) lack of new ideas and approaches.

Omar works for a distribution center. He has been a receiving department shift supervisor for four years. Today, he started a new position as shift supervisor for all departments. Omar is the same person he was yesterday and has the same style and approach to his job, but he now has the ability to make much larger purchases, to hire and fire people, and to move resources among departments. Omar's new powers are examples of ________ power. A) coercive B) legitimate C) reward D) referent

B) legitimate

In the typical organization, increased efficiency leads to A) higher operating costs. B) lower production costs. C) lower partial productivity. D) higher maintenance costs.

B) lower production costs.

Managers need information in order to do three things: ________ the organization's activities. A) keep abreast of changes, and control and coordinate B) make effective decisions, and control and coordinate C) keep abreast of changes, and qualify and quantify D) make effective decisions, and qualify and quantify

B) make effective decisions, and control and coordinate

During the first stage of group development, managers should A) make sure that conflict does not arise between members. B) make sure that each member feels like a valued part of the group. C) encourage the formation of group norms. D) give the group a lot of responsibility and authority.

B) make sure that each member feels like a valued part of the group.

A specific form of IT that managers use in order to have access to the specific information they need to perform their job effectively is known as ________ systems. A) decision support B) management information C) decision analysis D) management analysis

B) management information

Unions exist primarily because A) managers always try to take advantage of workers, so workers need protection. B) managers may take actions to benefit other stakeholders at the expense of workers. C) union leaders force people to form and join unions. D) the law requires that all employees in certain industries be part of a union.

B) managers may take actions to benefit other stakeholders at the expense of workers.

A production process where the workers are stationary and a moving conveyor belt takes the product on to the next workstation so that it is assembled in a fixed sequence is known as A) pull production. B) mass production. C) batch production. D) lean manufacturing.

B) mass production.

As group cohesiveness increases, A) participation of members decreases. B) members share more information. C) members are less open with each other. D) communication effectiveness declines.

B) members share more information.

The development approach in which an experienced member of an organization provides advice and guidance to a less experienced member, a protégé, is called A) simulation. B) mentoring. C) testing. D) role playing.

B) mentoring.

A high-performing group is most likely the result of A) low conformity/high deviance. B) moderate conformity/moderate deviance. C) moderate conformity/low deviance. D) high conformity/low deviance.

B) moderate conformity/moderate deviance.

Regarding organizational effectiveness, the best level of cohesiveness in groups is A) low. B) moderate. C) high. D) extremely high.

B) moderate.

Task forces and standing committees are often led by A) managers. B) non-managers. C) team captains. D) executives.

B) non-managers.

While on his lunch break, Jamal, who works in IT at a kitchen appliance manufacturer, was talking with his friend Carolina from accounting about how long his daily commute was and how much worse traffic had gotten in the past couple of years. Carolina confessed she had the same experience and was frustrated at how long it took her to get to and from work. Although they were from different departments, they both had the same 8:00 A.M. start time, as did a majority of the company's staff. Jamal imagined how nice it would be to come to work at 7:00 A.M. and leave at 4:00 P.M., which would allow him to miss both the morning and evening peak rush hours. Carolina thought it was a great idea, as did other employees sitting nearby who were listening to their discussion. In order to have a good shot at persuading the management team to institute earlier start times, it makes the most sense for Jamal and his co-workers to A) stage a "slow-in" by arriving late to work on purpose every day for a week and blame it on the traffic. B) organize with other like-minded employees and present their ideas to management as a group. C) approach each of their managers independently for approval to arrive at and leave work early. D) go on strike and refuse to return to work until their demands for alternate hours are met.

B) organize with other like-minded employees and present their ideas to management as a group.

CustomCraft, an industrial fabricator, wants to measure the efficiency of the energy inputs at its factory. It needs to use a formula to calculate ________ productivity. A) employee B) partial C) total factor D) labor

B) partial

The arrangement of jobs into categories reflecting their relative importance to the organization and its goals, level of skills required, and other characteristics is called A) pay level. B) pay structure. C) job analysis. D) benefit structure.

B) pay structure.

The specific ways in which a manager chooses to influence others is known as A) legitimate power. B) personal leadership style. C) reward power. D) expert power.

B) personal leadership style.

SmokeMaster Grills, a maker of home and commercial outdoor grills, shrank its ordering and delivery team by taking most of its operations online and increased its fleet of trucks to decrease delivery time. These actions can be described as A) a JIT system. B) process reengineering. C) flexible manufacturing. D) total factor productivity.

B) process reengineering.

At a manufacturing unit for leather handbags, there are many stations located in a row. At the first station, the pattern pieces are cut; at the second, the bag body is sewn together; at the third, the straps and fasteners are attached; at the fourth, seams are checked; and at the fifth, the product is packed. This unit is an example of ________ layout. A) process B) product C) fixed-position D) flexible

B) product

To encourage group cohesiveness, managers should A) discourage the group from forming an identity. B) promote intergroup competition. C) reward cooperation between groups. D) keep the measures of group performance confidential.

B) promote intergroup competition.

Stefan, a new employee of a tech firm, seeks advice from Yagmur, an experienced member, and follows Yagmur's guidance in his routine work. In this context, Stefan is playing a role of A) mentor. B) protégé. C) tester. D) researcher.

B) protégé.

In an attempt to promote innovation in a work group, the supervisor should A) provide little guidance to the group, and let the group members self-guide themselves. B) provide detailed procedures to the group. C) let group members self-coach within the group. D) provide for only outside the organization resources for the group.

B) provide detailed procedures to the group.

The most significant negative consequence of information overload is that A) senders have a sense that they are providing widespread education. B) receivers fail to distinguish between the important and the trivial. C) senders are able to communicate directly with a large audience. D) receivers end up with a bewildering array of knowledge.

B) receivers fail to distinguish between the important and the trivial.

A JIT system A) increases inventory turnover. B) reduces inventory holding costs. C) decreases total labor costs. D) increases buffer stock of inventory.

B) reduces inventory holding costs.

The management at Sea Bass Fishing Charters, which has several facilities on the Florida coast, is considering opening a new one in Cocoa Beach. Before doing so, they need to look at figures on the number of customers there who chartered fishing boats—as opposed to boats for sightseeing or other purposes—last year. This is an example of the need for ________ information. A) timely B) relevant C) complete D) quality

B) relevant

A company needs to downsize to remain competitive, which means laying off many employees. None of these employees currently belong to a union. Because of this, management would most likely A) encourage an effort by employees to unionize. B) resist an effort by employees to unionize. C) suggest that employees use a mediator. D) hire a mediator to represent themselves.

B) resist an effort by employees to unionize.

The amount of information that a communication medium can carry is known as information A) overload. B) richness. C) capacity. D) density.

B) richness.

A manager of a group encourages members of the group to take on additional responsibilities as they see the need. This is an example of A) group polarization. B) role making. C) synergy. D) virtual teamwork.

B) role making.

The process by which managers determine the relative qualifications of job applicants for an open position is known as A) validation. B) selection. C) recruitment. D) appraisal.

B) selection.

The idea of flexible manufacturing systems is chiefly based on reducing A) inventory costs. B) setup time. C) employee fatigue. D) machine-worker interface.

B) setup time.

In general, higher group cohesiveness is associated with A) command groups. B) similarity among group members. C) cross-functional groups. D) group norms.

B) similarity among group members.

All of the job applicants for a sales position are asked "What would you do when a customer complains that it takes too long to receive service?" This type of question is known as a(n) ________ interview question. A) unstructured B) situational C) personality D) ad hoc

B) situational

A member of a task force does not do much work related to the goals of the task force. This member is confident that the other members of the task force "will take up the slack." This group member is exhibiting A) group deviance. B) social loafing. C) conformity. D) division of labor.

B) social loafing.

In terms of group performance, the idea that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts" is the fundamental point in the concept of A) cohesiveness. B) synergy. C) synchronicity. D) group roles.

B) synergy.

Marco is the vice president of an athletic apparel company that sells clothing for bicyclists. Recently, the company has identified problems of cost control in all of its offices. Marco formed a team composed of the sales managers of all the four regions, along with some staff members from the company's informational technology and administration departments, to study the problem and make recommendations over a four-month period. This team is an example of a A) functional group. B) task force. C) virtual assembly. D) command group.

B) task force.

Daniel is a line foreman in a metal fabricating plant. He often measures and inspects project as they are being built, and requires the workers to make changes or do things differently. Some employees like him, and some do not, but they all agree he makes sure every job gets done and gets done properly. Daniel is a ________ type of leader. A) considerate B) task-oriented C) charismatic D) relationship-oriented

B) task-oriented

The growth in the popularity of email has enabled many managers and employees to become A) independent. B) telecommuters. C) proficient. D) encoders.

B) telecommuters.

When setup times for complex production equipment is reduced A) efficiency of the production unit goes down. B) time spent in producing something will increase. C) flexible manufacturing techniques become irrelevant. D) employees have to be paid for nonproductive time.

B) time spent in producing something will increase.

Lana is an executive at a company with locations across the country. She needs to educate managers in these various offices about an update the company has made to its data storage process. The topic is not particularly sensitive, but it is complicated and technical, with numerous opportunities for misunderstanding or misinterpretation. Taking into account the various factors a manager should consider when choosing a communication medium, what is the best option for Lana? A) to hold a series of face-to-face meetings with the manager in each city so she can demonstrate the new process, then send a group email with step-by-step instructions B) to conduct a videoconference with the whole group so she can demonstrate the new process and answer questions, then send a follow-up group email C) to send individual email messages containing step-by-step instructions, then make individual telephone calls to each manager to ensure they understand the process D) to make a telephone call to each team member so she can explain the process and answer questions, then send an individual email message with answers to each of that managers questions

B) to conduct a videoconference with the whole group so she can demonstrate the new process and answer questions, then send a follow-up group email

Skip heads an insurance company that he would like to move to a higher level of performance. Lately, his managers have been telling him that there are some issues with how policies are being marketed, mainly due to the way management has structured its procedures for creating policies. One of the managers asks Skip how they should deal with the employees in case they become aware of the problem. What should Skip tell him? A) that this is a management problem and it does not concern the employees B) to inform the workers of the situation and challenge them to help solve it C) to acknowledge the problem exists, but withhold the details from employees D) that the employees should be told they are at fault and need to fix it

B) to inform the workers of the situation and challenge them to help solve it

An appraisal that focuses on relatively enduring human characteristics but that is difficult for employees to use to improve their performance is called a ________ appraisal. A) result B) trait C) behavior D) formal

B) trait

A manager assesses a subordinate on personal characteristics that are relevant to the job performance of that subordinate. This is known as A) selection testing. B) trait appraisal. C) behavior appraisal. D) ability testing.

B) trait appraisal.

When a supermarket uses technology to record the sale of items and track inventory levels, this is an example of a(n) ________ system. A) operations information B) transaction-processing C) decision support D) e-commerce

B) transaction-processing

Angie oversees a sales call center for a mattress distributor. She motivates her subordinates primarily by giving them pay bonuses and longer breaks if they achieve high sales numbers, and by scheduling them for shifts they do not want to work and shortening their breaks if they achieve low sales. Angie is a ________ leader. A) transformational B) transactional C) structured D) considerate

B) transactional

The degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure is called the ________ of the test. A) reliability B) validity C) consistency D) utility

B) validity

Employees learn how to do their jobs by working closely with their team leader, observing and learning how the process functions. This is known as A) simulation. B) role-playing. C) on-the-job training. D) development.

C) on-the-job training.

Ginger is the hiring manager for Grounded Lines, an electrical wiring service. When she looks at the current state of the company, she sees that the employees and management do not have much mutual trust or respect, guidelines for performing jobs are very inconsistent and ambiguous, and the supervisors have little authority to make changes or take action. She feels that the situation is a mess, but she needs to hire a manager to oversee several teams of electricians. Which person should she hire to most effectively lead in this situation? A) Abby, who is very charismatic, loves people, and wants to be liked B) Bailey, who is very relaxed and is a "hands off" leader, letting workers do whatever they want C) Amanda, who is very focused and concerns herself with completing each individual job properly D) Lana, who is very quiet, likes group harmony, and strives to serve her subordinates

C) Amanda, who is very focused and concerns herself with completing each individual job properly

Ricardo, the CEO of Sunflower Organics, hires a consultant, Saadia, to analyze his production process. Ricardo has been using the same production process for the nearly twenty years he's been in business. His employees are essentially specialists, with each well-trained in performing one specific task or set of tasks. Saadia notes that, because of this, there is a high level of employee boredom, leading to turnover, and when someone is out sick, there is no one able to take over their duties. She suggests he switch to a self-managed team model for his production-line employees. After a few months, what does Ricardo most likely observe about the results of this switch? A) The lack of accountability is a problem; without direct supervision, workers slack off more. B) The team still looks to higher management for direction in terms of its decision-making processes. C) Efficiency is better than ever; team members feel empowered and work better and faster as a result. D) Although the team members have more flexibility in their jobs, their efficiency does not notably improve.

C) Efficiency is better than ever; team members feel empowered and work better and faster as a result.

What is one way in which a reputation for offering high quality products benefits a company? A) It allows the company to remain competitive in its market B) It leads to the company attracting more and better investors C) It allows the company to charge more for its products D) It leads to a happier and more productive workforce

C) It allows the company to charge more for its products

The process of giving all employees the authority to make decisions and be responsible for their outcomes is known as A) coercion. B) leadership. C) empowerment. D) delegation.

C) empowerment.

Feedback has help a company increase its profit margin by A) enabling employees to work with the best co-workers in the field. B) providing employees with the technical equipment to excel. C) enabling employees to correct their own potential mistakes before they happen. D) providing employees with the technical background needed to excel.

C) enabling employees to correct their own potential mistakes before they happen.

Though they are all Americans, the members of the design team—Bethany, Rajiv, Nguyen, and Chantelle—all come from different cultures, and this sometimes causes misunderstandings. Which of the following examples demonstrates the best and more efficient way for the team to avoid such misunderstandings when communicating with each other? A) Bethan and Nguyen work together on developing a common vocabulary. B) Chantelle learn as much as possible Rajiv's culture and ways of communicating. C) Nguyen restates in his own words what he thinks Chantelle has said. D) The whole group engages in a discussion with the aim of determining what each person finds offensive.

C) Nguyen restates in his own words what he thinks Chantelle has said.

Lambretti and Sons is an international manufacturer and retailer of luxury pens and writing instruments based in Rome, Italy. The company has been in business for 100 years and has a reputation as being "the best of the best." Their pens are status symbols used by high-profile businessmen and celebrities. In recent years, several other luxury pen manufacturers have entered the market. SwissPen's goods are less expensive and are of a quality equivalent to that of Lambretti and Sons. Should Lambretti be overly worried about competition from SwissPen? A) No, because price is not a factor that affects the buying choices and preferences of Lambretti's clients. B) Yes, because regardless of prestige, customers will always go with a company that offers products for a lower price. C) No, because the brand's long history and singular reputation allow it charge higher prices for its products. D) Yes, because brand loyalty only goes so far, and SwissPen offers novelty, a very desirable attribute.

C) No, because the brand's long history and singular reputation allow it charge higher prices for its products.

When Hideo first joined the marketing team at Purdy Coffee Roasters, he was an energetic member who inspired others with his enthusiasm and strong work ethic. As the marketing department grew in size, Hideo slowly slipped into the background of the group, putting less and less effort into his social media outreach work. The marketing manager, Charlene, noticed his absence at weekly meetings and asked other employees what was up. They revealed to Charlene that Hideo regularly failed to complete his work on time and that other team members had ended up picking up the slack to cover for him. Which of the following actions represents the most effective way for Charlene to address Hideo's poor performance within the group? A) She should physically separate Hideo from the group by changing the seating arrangements so that his desk is just outside her office, thus allowing her to watch over him closely and prevent him from slacking off. B) She should make it the group's responsibility to keep Hideo in line and assign the strongest performer in the group to watch over Hideo and keep track of how he spends his time. C) She should assign Hideo to a smaller team with the three other online marketers in the department, and, since he is the social media expert, ask that he submit weekly reports charting his online activity on behalf of the brand. D) She should offer incentives to the entire group for improving its performance in all areas of marketing, with rewards shared equally among members rather than basing them on individual performance.

C) She should assign Hideo to a smaller team with the three other online marketers in the department, and, since he is the social media expert, ask that he submit weekly reports charting his online activity on behalf of the brand.

Formal leaders of groups and teams are A) self-appointed. B) appointed by team members. C) appointed by managers. D) hired as leaders.

C) appointed by managers.

When software programs are able to "watch" a manager sort through data and "learn" that manager's preferences when reviewing such information, this is an example of a(n) ________ system. A) expert B) decision support C) artificial intelligence D) enterprise resource planning

C) artificial intelligence

The leadership substitutes model suggests that under certain conditions managers do not have to play a leadership role A) when employees may not be able to accept the company's management's philosophy. B) when the company is facing large changes in personnel, and there is no way of determining which employees will remain. C) because members of an organization sometimes can perform at a high level without a manager exerting influence over them. D) because employees are not willing to accept changes and will continue to perform the same tasks regardless of management oversight.

C) because members of an organization sometimes can perform at a high level without a manager exerting influence over them.

When advancing technology makes old products obsolete, the ________ stage of the product life cycle has begun. A) maturity B) obsolescence C) decline D) seniority

C) decline

The product life cycle is the way that ________ over time. A) the supply of a product changes in predictable patterns B) technological developments alter the design of particular products C) demand for a product changes in predictable patterns D) technological developments create new design challenges

C) demand for a product changes in predictable patterns

Labor productivity is most commonly used to A) calculate the total cost of production. B) set wage standards per unit of production. C) draw efficiency comparisons between different organizations. D) define recruiting parameters for new candidates.

C) draw efficiency comparisons between different organizations.

Total factor productivity is a measure of an organization's A) responsiveness. B) process design standard. C) efficiency. D) raw material usage.

C) efficiency.

In many ways, a major part of leadership effectiveness, including encouraging and supporting creativity among subordinates and helping leaders develop a vision for their organizations, is A) creative thinking. B) consideration. C) emotional intelligence. D) transactional thinking.

C) emotional intelligence.

Todd directs a team of creative writers for an advertising firm. He tells Sabrina, another team director, that she needs to be aware that creative writing creates a lot of strong feelings because motivation and inspiration can be very inconsistent. Todd has always done a fabulous job leading creative teams because he recognizes the thoughts and feelings involved in the process. Todd has a high degree of A) creative thinking. B) consideration. C) emotional intelligence. D) transactional thinking.

C) emotional intelligence.

A factory supervisor gives the responsibility to a production worker to reject any parts that that worker feels do not measure up to the required quality standards. This is an example of A) transformation. B) transaction. C) empowerment. D) directive leadership.

C) empowerment.

At SureFit, Inc., a company that manufactures steel gaskets, most of the employees belong to a union. Recently, many employees have been complaining about the pay discrepancy between the top managers and lower-level employees. To address this situation, the union would most likely want to A) go on strike and thereby demand a cafeteria-style benefit plan. B) enter into collective bargaining with SureFit's managers to ensure better job security. C) enter into collective bargaining with SureFit's managers to correct the pay structure. D) go on strike and thereby demand that all of SureFit's manager are fired.

C) enter into collective bargaining with SureFit's managers to correct the pay structure.

A multimode application software package that allows a company to link and coordinate the entire set of functional activities and operations necessary to move products from the initial design stage to the final customer stage is called a(n) ________ system. A) decision support B) e-commerce C) enterprise resource planning D) artificial intelligence

C) enterprise resource planning

Debbie has been the marketing head at Perfect Finish Painters for the last seven years. Her marketing plans are well formulated and executed. Based on her knowledgeable and proficient background, many colleges in the region invite Debbie for a paper presentation on marketing. These invites stem from her ________ power. A) coercive B) empowerment C) expert D) consideration

C) expert

Linda is a dentist at a large practice. Unlike some of the other dentists at her practice, she is constantly reading dental journals and actively participating in dental discussion forums. She also attends at least three training events per year. She is better informed than any of the other dentists in her practice, and everyone who works there knows it and seeks her out for advice. Linda has a high level of ________ power. A) coercive B) empowerment C) expert D) consideration

C) expert

The type of power that is based on the specialized knowledge and skills of the leader is ________ power. A) legitimate B) referent C) expert D) coercive

C) expert

Helena, the new CEO for SpiderCast, a manufacturer of netting and rope, anonymously walked through her main facility and heard some workers complaining about having to do a meaningless job. What is the best way for Helena to respond to what she heard? A) punish the workers for not being team players B) put the workers into more important positions C) explain to the workers how their jobs are critical to the company's success D) ignore the comments, realizing that most workers complain as a way to relieve stress

C) explain to the workers how their jobs are critical to the company's success

Of the four basic types of communication media in an organizational environment, impersonal written communication is the least rich. The other three are (in order of media richness, from most rich to least rich): A) face-to-face communication, personally addressed written communication, and spoken communication electronically transmitted. B) spoken communication electronically transmitted, face-to-face communication, and personally addressed written communication. C) face-to-face communication, spoken communication electronically transmitted, and personally addressed written communication. D) spoken communication electronically transmitted, personally addressed written communication, and face-to-face communication.

C) face-to-face communication, spoken communication electronically transmitted, and personally addressed written communication.

In production process, a mainframe computer assembly line is an example of a ________ facilities layout. A) product B) process C) fixed-position D) flexible manufacturing

C) fixed-position

In the production process, assembly of a mainframe computer would most likely use a ________ layout. A) flexible B) process C) fixed-position D) product

C) fixed-position

The members of a particular group are getting to know one another and attempting to reach an understanding of how each of them should act within the group. This stage of group development is known as A) storming. B) norming. C) forming. D) adjourning.

C) forming.

What type of group helps satisfy employees' needs for interpersonal interaction and can provide needed social support in times of stress? A) interest B) formal C) friendship D) virtual

C) friendship

The people in the best position to identify opportunities for improving efficiency are A) top-level managers. B) staff managers. C) functional-level managers. D) workers.

C) functional-level managers.

When a manager studies the résumé of a job applicant to determine the work history and education of the applicant, this is known as the process of A) gathering data. B) induction interviewing. C) gathering background information. D) situational interviewing.

C) gathering background information.

Aklilu oversees the contract department at a major university. He has noticed that he spends much of his time checking over his subordinates' work and authorizing them to submit contracts. Oftentimes, since the contracts are specialized by academic department and external agency, his employees have to explain to him what he is signing or authorizing. What should Aklilu do to improve efficiency and reduce the time he and his employees spend on these tasks? The process of giving all employees the authority to make decisions and be responsible for their outcomes is known as ________. A) hire another manager to help him watch his team more closely B) implement harsher punishments whenever a typo or other mistake occurs in a contract C) give his employees the authority to make more contract-related decisions themselves D) restrict his employees' ability to make wording decisions so he can reduce errors

C) give his employees the authority to make more contract-related decisions themselves

Gender-based research on leader behaviors has found that A) male and female managers tend to differ significantly in their effectiveness as leaders. B) female managers engage in more consideration and initiating structure behaviors than male managers. C) male and female managers do not differ significantly in their tendencies to perform different leader behaviors. D) women engage in more consideration than men, while men engage in more participative behaviors.

C) male and female managers do not differ significantly in their tendencies to perform different leader behaviors.

Steve manages a non-profit that provides housing assistance for low-income families. Whenever things do not go as he had planned, he calls employees into this office, curses at them, beats on his table, and says they are making him look bad. The leadership trait Steve is lacking is A) dominance. B) honesty. C) maturity. D) tolerance for stress.

C) maturity.

Ahmed is a project manager for an electronics company that manufactures digital camera sensors. When he is tasked with overseeing the development of a new sensor that is both larger and more energy efficient, he assembles a cross-functional team of talented and creative people from the engineering, design, marketing, finance, and information technology departments. Despite the high caliber of people working on the team, the level of innovation it is achieving is lower than Ahmed believes is possible. In order to increase the team's ability to innovate, Ahmed's best course of action would be to A) act as a sounding board for the team's concerns and step in to reprimand any members who are impeding the group's progress. B) supervise the team and steer it in the direction he feels it needs to go, specifically, sensors that absorb solar power. C) give the team room to come up with its own sensor designs, while providing guidance and resources as needed. D) organize the team members into pairs that focus on one aspect of the new sensors and require each pair to submit weekly progress reports.

C) give the team room to come up with its own sensor designs, while providing guidance and resources as needed.

Which of the following will typically lead to making the highest profits? A) higher prices and higher costs B) lower prices and lower costs C) higher prices and lower costs D) lower prices and higher costs

C) higher prices and lower costs

The set of activities in which managers engage to predict the future human resource needs of their organization is known as A) human appraisal development. B) human resource management. C) human resource planning. D) human appraisal strategy.

C) human resource planning.

Many employees at a company are complaining about the benefits that receive. However, there is little consensus about how to improve this situation. To address this problem, the human resources manager would most likely decide to A) readjust the pay structure. B) increase the bonuses given to employees. C) implement a plan that uses a cafeteria-style structure. D) provide more generous pension plans.

C) implement a plan that uses a cafeteria-style structure.

A JIT inventory system is likely to result in A) a buffer stock of inventory. B) additional inventory holding costs. C) increased inventory turnover. D) decreased service levels.

C) increased inventory turnover.

A manufacturing organization using a JIT system can achieve major cost savings as a result of ________ inventory holding costs. A) decreasing inventory turnover and decreasing B) increasing inventory turnover and increasing C) increasing inventory turnover and decreasing D) decreasing inventory turnover and increasing

C) increasing inventory turnover and decreasing

Strategic human resource management has the objective of developing the four building blocks of competitive advantage: efficiency, quality, responsiveness to customers, and A) effectiveness. B) creativity. C) innovation. D) value.

C) innovation

A group of college professors from the Jackson Business School meets once a week for lunch to discuss the college's accreditation efforts. This is an example of a(n) A) formal group. B) virtual team. C) interest group. D) command group.

C) interest group.

The stock of materials, inputs, and parts an organization has on hand at a particular time is called its A) total assets. B) intangible assets. C) inventory. D) material assets.

C) inventory.

The total amount of raw materials and component parts that an organization has on hand is known as A) material supply. B) in-stock goods. C) inventory. D) raw stock.

C) inventory.

Deviance is functional for a group when A) a group member gets punished for not acting consistently with the group norm. B) a group member gets away with not acting consistently with the group norm on more than one occasion. C) it causes group members to evaluate norms that may be ineffective but are taken for granted by the group. D) it causes a group member to get suspended or expelled from the group.

C) it causes group members to evaluate norms that may be ineffective but are taken for granted by the group.

In measuring the total factor productivity of an organization, an example of a measure of the amount of energy consumed in output production is the number of A) units produced. B) hours worked. C) kilowatt-hours consumed. D) employees required.

C) kilowatt-hours consumed.

According to Fiedler, the extent to which subordinates trust and are loyal to their superior is known as ________ relations. A) empowerment B) task-oriented C) leader-member D) initiating structure

C) leader-member

The process by which one person exerts influence over others and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities is known as ________. A) empowerment B) time management C) leadership D) change management

C) leadership

Managers face contemporary challenges such as managing HIV-positive employees, dealing with employees with substance abuse problems, and eliminating sexual harassment. These arise out of the ________ environment of business. A) economic B) social C) legal D) political

C) legal

Mick, the divisional manager at Howard Aeronautics, has to consult with Lucas when it comes to the hiring procedures of the company because Lucas is a senior human resources manager. Lucas enjoys the privileges of ________ power. A) reward B) referent C) legitimate D) coercive

C) legitimate

One of the major advantages of a JIT system is that it A) helps identify sources of defects in outputs. B) ensures production lines have required inputs. C) lets organizations spot defective inputs quickly. D) eliminates inventory holding costs.

C) lets organizations spot defective inputs quickly.

When there is high conformity and low deviance in a group, the group's performance is likely to be A) high because the group is well balanced. B) low because the group cannot control its members' behaviors. C) low because the group fails to change dysfunctional norms. D) high because the group is satisfied.

C) low because the group fails to change dysfunctional norms.

In the transmission phase of the communication process, the information that a sender wants to share is known as the A) feedback. B) text. C) message. D) data.

C) message.

Close ties between the members of the group typically are formed during which stage of group development? A) forming B) adjourning C) norming D) storming

C) norming

Hashimodo Technologies has enjoyed enormous success with its ID Touch Phone, which spurred brisk sales by first-time buyers for several years. Today, brand-name recognition is over 80 percent, and sales remain strong because existing users continue to purchase replacements. The CEO, Mr. Matsui, believes that in light of its profitability, improvements on the ID Touch Phone should remain the focal point of the company's efforts in coming years. However, his son Jiro, still just a junior manager, takes issue with this and says that Hashimodo should put all the resources it can into new product development, even if doing so results in losses for the next few quarters. Most likely Jiro is A) right, because the ID Touch Phone is clearly obsolete, and its sales are likely to diminish in the near future. B) wrong, because the company cannot afford to shift its focus from its winning number-one product. C) right, because the ID Touch Phone has reached a point where its customer base is no longer expanding. D) wrong, because the company cannot afford to experience several quarters of losses.

C) right, because the ID Touch Phone has reached a point where its customer base is no longer expanding

Microsoft Corporation interviews dozens of highly qualified programmers before deciding on which ones to hire. This is the HRM process of A) recruitment. B) expansion. C) selection. D) appraisal.

C) selection.

Angela took over as manager of a group of warehouse order-pickers about a month ago. While the employees' performance is satisfactory, she has noticed that the group seems to squash any new ideas about how they might do their work more effectively. What should Angela do to increase tolerance for deviance? A) take steps, such as weekly group lunches, to increase the cohesion of the group B) order the group to accept at least half of the new ideas that are proposed C) set up an incentive system for employees' suggestions about procedure changes D) create competition between members of the group

C) set up an incentive system for employees' suggestions about procedure changes

When interviewers present a job applicant with a scenario that is likely to occur on the job and ask the applicant how he or she would respond, this type of question is known as a(n) ________ interview question. A) unstructured B) ad hoc C) situational D) personality

C) situational

The difference between a blog and a social networking site is that A) unlike blogs, social networking sites make it possible for users to post information, comments, and opinions to which others can respond. B) unlike social networking sites, blogs give users the ability to reach large numbers of readers around the world with a variety of information, comments, and opinions. C) social networking sites enable every user to be a potential sender and receiver of information, while blogs are more limited. D) blogs provide users with the ability to interact in real time with readers around the world, and to share ideas with them, while social networking sites do not.

C) social networking sites enable every user to be a potential sender and receiver of information, while blogs are more limited.

Appraisals that are dependent on managers' perceptions of traits, behaviors, or results are called ________ appraisals. A) 360-degree B) calculative C) subjective D) objective

C) subjective

The type of behavior that is similar to "consideration" of the behavior model is ________ behavior. A) initiating B) directive C) supportive D) participative

C) supportive

The best explanation for the difference between operating system software and application software is that operating system software A) is developed for a specific purpose, and application software tells the hardware how to run. B) has to be operated by certified professionals, whereas anyone can use application software. C) tells the hardware how to run, and application software is developed for a specific purpose. D) can run on its own, whereas application software requires an operating system.

C) tells the hardware how to run, and application software is developed for a specific purpose.

Steffie has requested a week's leave to be with her ill mother, even though doing this would result in a loss of pay. However, her manager refuses to grant her the leave. By doing this, the manager is violating A) the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. B) Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. C) the Family and Medical Leave Act. D) the Equal Pay Act.

C) the Family and Medical Leave Act.

You are the manager of human resources for OpenSpaces, Inc., a land survey company that often surveys rugged, mountainous terrain. Your company has an opening for a land surveyor. For this job, a candidate needs a college degree in surveying. However, you also want to find out if candidates have certain qualities that will help them excel at the job. The position requires extensive math, good communication skills, and stamina. Considering all of these elements, you focus on ________ to determine which candidate to hire. A) the interview process, paper-and-pencil personality tests, and paper-and-pencil ability tests B) references, paper-and-pencil personality tests, and physical ability tests C) the interview process, paper-and-pencil ability tests, and physical ability tests D) references, the interview process, and paper-and-pencil ability tests

C) the interview process, paper-and-pencil ability tests, and physical ability tests

Which of the following alerts managers that sometimes they do not need to exert influence over subordinates and thus can free up their time for other important activities? A) Fiedler's contingency model B) House's path-goal theory C) the leader substitutes model D) the leadership effectiveness theory

C) the leader substitutes model

A plastic toy manufacturer gets orders from customers with different size, material, and thickness requirements, forcing the workers to frequently change the equipment. Flexible manufacturing will be ideal in this case because A) large numbers of the same type may be produced. B) cheaper raw material may now be used. C) the time required to set up equipment is reduced. D) customers will now agree to use caps of the same size.

C) the time required to set up equipment is reduced.

A computer system that is designed to handle a large volume of routine and recurring transactions is called a(n) ________ system. A) decision support B) artificial intelligence C) transaction-processing D) operations information

C) transaction-processing

Reece walks around to each office in his complex and explains to all of his employees how they are a crucial part of the company's overall success. Reece demonstrates ________ leadership. A) consideration B) empowerment C) transformational D) transactional

C) transformational

Larry interviews a series of job applicants and asks each applicant whatever he feels like asking without trying to ask all of the applicants the same questions. This is known as a(n) ________ interview. A) structured B) realistic job C) unstructured D) situational

C) unstructured

The process where job hunters come to an organization and inquire about employment possibilities is referred to as A) outsourcing. B) job placement contacts. C) walk-ins. D) insourcing.

C) walk-ins.

Under a JIT inventory system, parts and supplies arrive at the organization A) prior to work-scheduling. B) two weeks prior to being needed. C) when needed. D) twice a week.

C) when needed.

Pedro has been promoted to a position where he will be responsible for hiring employees for leadership roles in his firm. In which situation would Pedro most likely benefit most from hiring a man rather than a woman? A) when he needs an effective leader B) if he needs a manager with great interpersonal skills C) when some workers need to be harshly reprimanded D) if he wants tasks to be clearly organized

C) when some workers need to be harshly reprimanded

Verbal communication is the use of ________ to encode a message. A) words in the spoken form only B) symbolic language, such as facial expressions, C) words, whether written or spoken, D) symbolic language, such as style of dress,

C) words, whether written or spoken,

The difference between verbal and nonverbal communication is that nonverbal communication does not use A) messages. B) a medium. C) words. D) a language.

C) words.

A fixed-position production layout would be particularly recommended if A) there are no self-managed teams. B) the product is easily moved on a conveyor belt. C) you are making jet airlines or gas turbines. D) products have simple, lightweight parts.

C) you are making jet airlines or gas turbines.

Karen is a manager in a large restaurant chain, and she wants to use situational interview questions while interviewing server candidates. As a result, Karen decides to ask A) "What do you think are your strengths and weaknesses as a server?" B) "What was a challenge you faced during your last job as a server?" C) "What do you like most about being a server? What do you like least?" D) "What would you do if a customer wanted to be seated away from small children?"

D) "What would you do if a customer wanted to be seated away from small children?"

Which of the following describes the product layout? A) It is efficient only when products are created in large quantities. B) Workers move from workstation to workstation. C) A conveyor belt is usually not used. D) Assembling a product is easily achieved in this layout.

D) Assembling a product is easily achieved in this layout.

Art has the leadership attribute of dominance, Barney has the attribute of honesty, Carlos has the attribute of maturity, and Devin has the attribute of stress tolerance. Erma is going to have to either restructure her coal gasification facility or close it down due to uncertainty in the energy market. According to the trait model, which of the four leaders mentioned above should she hire to lead her facility through the upcoming transition? A) Art B) Barney C) Carlos D) Devin

D) Devin

Morgan manages a consumer loan center. Corporate has recently instituted new rules that have unintentionally doubled the workload on Morgan's employees. Morgan sees many of his people crying, sighing, and putting their heads down in frustration. Morgan knows he needs to help by using the most effective leadership style he can. In this situation, how should Morgan lead his employees? A) He should assign tasks, set goals, and demonstrate how to do the tasks required for each job. B) He should let the employees brainstorm to decide just how much work they should do. C) He should set even more challenging goals and tell employees he is confident that they can do it. D) He should let them know he understands their frustration, making sure they get help if they need it.

D) He should let them know he understands their frustration, making sure they get help if they need it.

From the 1850s until the 1960s, the only real management information system was the organizational hierarchy. Which of the following best describes this system? A) Managers used the railroads to travel to headquarters on a semiannual basis in order to report in to company leadership regarding the activities of employees. B) A multi-tiered structure of reporting levels and system checks provided for a regular flow of information between managers and employees. C) Telegraph lines connected offices in various cities, making it possible for railroad superintendents and other leadership to receive real-time information. D) Reports went up the management chain, then decisions were made at the top and relayed back down the chain to employees.

D) Reports went up the management chain, then decisions were made at the top and relayed back down the chain to employees

Which of the following statements captures the essence of synergy? A) Think outside the box. B) There is no 'I' in team. C) Actions speak louder than words. D) The whole is more than the sum of its parts.

D) The whole is more than the sum of its parts.

A manager engages in personality testing by requiring all job applicants to complete A) the tasks that they would do if they were hired. B) a quiz that indicates numerical or reading comprehension skills. C) feats of dexterity and stamina that would be unsafe to practice on the job. D) a questionnaire that indicates whether they are an extrovert or introvert.

D) a questionnaire that indicates whether they are an extrovert or introvert.

For years, the Louie Parola car dealership has been dividing its advertising budget between the top four television stations in the city. Now, the company managers, Jan, Lucian, and Alejandro, are considering various scenarios for redistributing the company's advertising dollars in order to capture various new markets. What will help Jan, Lucian, and Alejandro make the best possible decision? A) a market analysis performed by an outside company that knows the area, but has little experience with car dealerships B) an information system that gives them raw data on sales, costs, and profits for automobile dealerships and other companies that have advertised with each station. C) the type of software that can perform functions akin to watching and learning, so it can quickly respond to car buyers' feedback without requiring the three managers' input D) a set of models based on demographics, viewership, and other data so that they can run and compare a variety of scenarios using different advertising options

D) a set of models based on demographics, viewership, and other data so that they can run and compare a variety of scenarios using different advertising options

To take advantage of the potential for synergy in groups, managers should A) create groups of similar individuals. B) be strongly directive with the group. C) reward individual performance. D) appoint members with complementary skills.

D) appoint members with complementary skills.

When a company implements after-sales service and support CRM software, salespeople A) have more time to focus on increasing sales because the system does customer support for them. B) have instant access to a record of everything that occurred during online customer interactions. C) are required to manually track and document every customer's case history and preferences. D) are in a much better position to respond to customers' needs and build customer loyalty.

D) are in a much better position to respond to customers' needs and build customer loyalty.

Freddy carved his first bow and arrow set when he was five years old. Since then, he has handcrafted bows that he has used to win world archery championships, and it is generally accepted that his bows perform better than any other bows on the market. Recently, he was hired as a production supervisor to help a small archery company design equipment. Given Freddy's background, what would be the best way for him to execute his leadership role? A) punish workers who do not follow his instructions on carving B) remind employees that he is one of the best, so he knows what he is saying C) explain how different carving techniques work to help his workers create better products D) ask employees how they would structure the bow-making process and strive to serve them

D) ask employees how they would structure the bow-making process and strive to serve them

What can a manager do to discourage social loafing in a group? A) create large groups with a high degree of diversity B) focus on recognizing the group's performance as a whole C) downplay individual contributions by splitting bonuses equally among all team members D) assign tasks to group members and hold them accountable for their performance

D) assign tasks to group members and hold them accountable for their performance

An employee will most likely seek a lateral move when he or she wants to A) get closer to his or her ultimate goal, which is to become the CEO of the company. B) have more influence on the development of a new product he or she has been working on. C) receive a higher salary to afford a summer home on the ocean. D) be transferred to a branch office in another location to be closer to family.

D) be transferred to a branch office in another location to be closer to family.

Integrity and honesty help managers become effective leaders by helping them A) understand complex issues and solve problems. B) make good decisions and discover ways to increase efficiency and effectiveness. C) deal with uncertainty and make difficult decisions. D) behave ethically and earn their subordinates' trust and confidence.

D) behave ethically and earn their subordinates' trust and confidence.

Personal computers and laptops, connected through Ethernet in a network, are known as A) servers. B) customers. C) satellites. D) clients.

D) clients.

Vanderbilt Imperial Hotels is a luxury chain with facilities and resorts at some forty locations across the United States. Every day, its housekeeping staff changes enough sheets to cover several baseball stadiums, its bell staff transports a volume of luggage that would fill a few jumbo jets, and its wait staff serves prodigious quantities of food. Yet as important as all this physical work is, the whole chain would break down without management making sure that each location has the resources it needs to meet the challenges of each day. This is an example of the fact that management needs information in order to A) make effective decisions. B) control the activities of the organization. C) monitor the marketplace. D) coordinate the company's activities.

D) coordinate the company's activities.

In which of the following teams are the expertise and knowledge in different organizational departments brought together in the skills and knowledge of the team members? A) top management team B) task force C) self-managed work team D) cross-functional team

D) cross-functional team

Active Appliances, an electrical appliance firm, forms a group to design a new software application. This group consists of a systems designer, a programmer, and a user representative. This is an example of a(n) A) informal team. B) ad hoc committee. C) cross-cultural team. D) cross-functional team.

D) cross-functional team.

Management writers recommend that an organization should define its business in terms of its A) technology. B) company vision. C) branding. D) customer needs.

D) customer needs.

The process by which the receiver interprets and tries to make sense of the message is known as A) encoding. B) unscrambling C) feedback. D) decoding.

D) decoding.

The attempt by managers to estimate the qualifications and the number of employees an organization will need, given its goals and strategies, is the process of A) supply modeling. B) outsource modeling. C) resource forecasting. D) demand forecasting.

D) demand forecasting.

Command groups are also known as A) cross-cultural groups. B) self-managed work groups. C) friendship groups. D) departments.

D) departments.

A problem associated with total factor productivity is that A) some inputs cannot be factored in. B) the calculation is too cumbersome. C) it focuses on specific inputs. D) each input is measured in different units.

D) each input is measured in different units.

A leader's level of emotional intelligence may play a particularly important role in leadership A) creativity. B) moods. C) pay. D) effectiveness.

D) effectiveness.

The stages of the product life cycle are A) design, growth, maturity, and obsolescence. B) embryonic, growth, and decline. C) design, maturity, and obsolescence. D) embryonic, growth, maturity, and decline.

D) embryonic, growth, maturity, and decline.

In the communication process, a common understanding is assured in the ________ phase. A) sending B) filtering C) encoding D) feedback

D) feedback

The responsibilities of a member of a self-managed work team are generally those of ________ in a non-self-managed work team. A) assembly line workers B) non-managerial employees C) top-level managers D) first-line managers

D) first-line managers

A manager's evaluation of a subordinate's work that occurs twice a year and is based on measures of performance dimensions of that subordinate's job is known as a(n) ________ appraisal. A) controlled B) structured C) objective D) formal

D) formal

Kasim is preparing for an important meeting, and tells his assistant, Toni, that he needs information regarding the company's recent financial performance. This information must be of the highest possible quality and usefulness, he says. To meet his requirement, what should Toni provide him with? A) receipts, bills of lading, check stubs, and other documentation to account for each sale and expenditure B) spreadsheets containing detailed data on sales and profits day by day C) a white paper in which she lays out the company's overall financial picture D) graphs showing revenues and profits for the past four quarters

D) graphs showing revenues and profits for the past four quarters

A group of managers spend a great deal of time ensuring that they agree on important issues instead of working toward an accurate assessment of the situation. This scenario describes A) a fundamental attribution error. B) self-serving bias. C) lack of synergy. D) groupthink.

D) groupthink.

In the product life cycle, many consumers are entering the market and buying the product for the first time and demand increases rapidly in the ________ stage. A) acceleration B) maturity C) demand D) growth

D) growth

Sam works for a large international manufacturing company. Managers at the company often assign team projects. Sam likes the group projects because he knows he will be team up with employees who will work hard on the projects, thus allowing him to do a minimal amount of work. He will undoubtedly miss some of his group's meetings. What can managers at the company do to help groups deal with workers like Sam? A) assign groups so that good workers are only grouped with good workers B) require group members to discipline other members when they "loaf" C) assign more members to groups so there are more people to pick up the slack D) help groups identify the potentially valuable contributions of each member

D) help groups identify the potentially valuable contributions of each member

What leadership attribute helps managers deal with the many demands they face? A) dominance B) self-confidence C) maturity D) high energy

D) high energy

Kevin, a middle manager, calls an impromptu meeting to discuss the progress of product development with his subordinates and plans to ask for suggestions to improve their performance. By doing this, Kevin is implementing a(n) ________ appraisal. A) 360-degree B) peer C) structured D) informal

D) informal

The head of a group who emerges naturally from within the group is called a(n) A) interim manager. B) organizational leader. C) team captain. D) informal leader.

D) informal leader.

Changes in meaning that occur as information passes through a series of senders and receivers are referred to collectively as A) data corruption. B) information overload. C) data misinterpretation. D) information distortion.

D) information distortion.

When a manager shares information with subordinates in such a way that they become aware of problems and the need for change, and in turn, they take ownership and view problems as challenges, the manager has engaged in A) initiating structure. B) developmental consideration. C) charisma. D) intellectual stimulation.

D) intellectual stimulation.

A group of employees at Swift Motors has initiated a marathon run with the aim of raising funds for the maintenance of a children's park in Chicago. This group can be defined as a(n) ________ group. A) virtual B) formal C) command D) interest

D) interest

When managers attempt to fill open positions with workers who are already working for the organization in some other capacity, they are engaging in ________ recruiting. A) referral B) external C) walk-in D) internal

D) internal

Bart, a construction crew leader, hires only carpenters that have the knowledge and skill to do all of his company's jobs with little or no instruction or direct supervision. Bart's hiring method serves as a type of A) empowerment. B) initiating structure. C) consideration. D) leadership substitute.

D) leadership substitute.

A disadvantage of a JIT system is that it A) increases inventory turnover. B) reduces inventory holding costs. C) ties up much capital in inventory. D) leaves no buffer stock in inventory.

D) leaves no buffer stock in inventory.

Business-to-business (B2B) commerce is best defined as trade that takes place between companies using technology and the Internet for the purpose of A) meeting the demands of various companies along the supply chain. B) enabling companies to gain a competitive advantage. C) consolidating functions into as few companies as possible along the value chain. D) linking and coordinating the value chains of different companies.

D) linking and coordinating the value chains of different companies.

Flexible manufacturing is a technique that attempts to reduce ________ in the production system. A) total manufacturing time B) number of workers needed C) production-line errors D) machine setup costs

D) machine setup costs

A face-to-face communication technique that involves a manager talking informally with employees is known as A) total quality management. B) management by objectives. C) open-book management. D) management by wandering around.

D) management by wandering around.

Who takes part in cross-functional teams? A) subordinates who report to the same supervisor B) members from different cultures C) the CEO, the president, and the heads of departments D) members from different departments

D) members from different departments

Prior to designing a training and development program for managers, a human resource specialist attempts to determine which managers require training and what types of skills and knowledge these managers require to develop. This process is known as A) job validation. B) RJP validation. C) recruitment. D) needs assessment.

D) needs assessment.

A sales manager for a Ford Motor Co. dealer evaluates each one of his sales staff monthly on the basis of the number of new cars sold during the past month. This is a(n) ________ type of appraisal. A) trait B) behavior C) personality D) objective

D) objective

A system that gathers comprehensive data, organizes it, and summarizes it in ways that are useful to managers is known as a(n) ________ system. A) transaction-processing B) e-commerce C) expert or artificial intelligence D) operations information

D) operations information

The term information is best defined as facts that have been A) collected from a variety of sources. B) organized according to source. C) collected using specific methods. D) organized in a meaningful fashion.

D) organized in a meaningful fashion.

Tests that measure the personal characteristics of job applicants that are relevant to successful performance on the job are known as ________ tests. A) ability B) structured interview C) performance D) personality

D) personality

The radical redesign of the way work is done in order to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance is known as A) continuous improvement. B) kanban. C) kaizen. D) process reengineering.

D) process reengineering.

The goal of communication is to A) enable self-expression. B) get things done. C) create a common language. D) reach a common understanding.

D) reach a common understanding.

The greatest benefit of impersonal written communication is the ability to A) ensure a high degree of information richness. B) convey complex information on sensitive topics. C) obtain feedback almost instantaneously. D) reach a large number of receivers.

D) reach a large number of receivers.

The set of activities in which managers generate a pool of qualified candidates for open positions is known as A) selection. B) outsourcing. C) induction. D) recruitment.

D) recruitment.

Ford Motor Company reorganized its procurement process by simplifying and streamlining the process itself and as a result was able to cut the size of the accounts payable department by 95 percent. This is an example of A) retrenchment. B) kanban. C) kaizen. D) reengineering.

D) reengineering.

The power of a leader that comes from the respect and loyalty of subordinates is known as ________ power. A) reward B) legitimate C) coercive D) referent

D) referent

Pierre tries to get along with his subordinates and genuinely likes them and wants them to like him. Which type of leader is Pierre? A) considerate B) task-oriented C) transformational D) relationship-oriented

D) relationship-oriented

The degree to which a test generates a similar score each time it is administered to a job applicant is known as the ________ of the test. A) validity B) recruitment ability C) stability D) reliability

D) reliability

Six Sigma programs A) are a required part of every HR system. B) do not require HR initiatives. C) can be built by employees from the bottom up. D) require top management commitment.

D) require top management commitment.

Managers in technology-based industries often employ what kinds of teams specifically to create new products? A) top management teams B) cross-cultural teams C) self-managed work teams D) research and development teams

D) research and development teams

"The actions taken to meet the needs of customers" refers to A) a mission statement. B) quality assessment. C) quality control. D) responsiveness.

D) responsiveness.

Teams that are empowered to take responsibility for acting autonomously in order to complete identifiable pieces of work are referred to as A) formal groups. B) research and development teams. C) command groups. D) self-managed work teams.

D) self-managed work teams.

In the transmission phase of communication, the person who wishes to share information with someone else is known as the A) receiver. B) messenger. C) decoder. D) sender.

D) sender.

Alaina is an associate director in a medical research facility. Alaina goes out of her way to help her employees, especially if she knows they are going through a rough time in their personal life. She always shows a strong desire to help and work for the benefit of others. Alaina's style of leading is ________ leadership. A) personal B) professional C) effective D) servant

D) servant

Mathias, who is part of the R&D team at Future Electronics, has been a key player in formulating new ideas and strategies. His contribution has resulted in more clients and higher production rates. Of late, John has not been regularly attending team meetings and even if he does, he leaves midway. John's behavior is an example of A) synergy. B) groupthink. C) conformity. D) social loafing.

D) social loafing.

Since the mid-1990s, many brick-and-mortar stores have seen a decline in sales while many online retailers have prospered. This situation is best identified as an example of the fact that A) when change comes, one can never predict who the winners and losers will be. B) the companies that adapt to the latest IT developments are the ones that win out in the long run. C) advancing IT has provided a great number of jobs in the customer-service industries. D) some companies have benefited from advancing IT, while others have been threatened by it.

D) some companies have benefited from advancing IT, while others have been threatened by it.

A summary of the knowledge, skills, and abilities that are needed to perform a specific job is known as a job A) design. B) hypothesis. C) description. D) specification.

D) specification.

Sophia works as a project manager for a growing software company and oversees a group of 40 people. Recently she has noticed that the team is communicating less effectively than it has in the past, and she has overheard more than one employee confess to feeling that their ideas go unheeded in group meetings. Which of the following actions would best help Sophia turn the situation around? A) requiring each person to contribute at least one new software idea at weekly meetings B) hosting mandatory after-hours game nights where group members are free to vent their frustrations C) assigning a new group leader on a weekly rotating basis so that each member has a chance to lead D) splitting the employees into five distinct groups and giving each smaller group its own workspace

D) splitting the employees into five distinct groups and giving each smaller group its own workspace

The members of a task force have disagreements because some members do not want to do what some of the other members want them to do. This stage of group development is known as A) forming. B) norming. C) performing. D) storming.

D) storming.

Ahmed, a manager, likes to rely on his intuition when dealing with his employees. Because of this, he most likely conducts ________ appraisals. A) result B) behavior C) objective D) subjective

D) subjective

In the United States, the law which requires male and female employees to be paid the same if they perform equal work is A) Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. B) the Comparable Worth Act. C) the Americans with Disabilities Act. D) the Equal Pay Act.

D) the Equal Pay Act.

Which of the following is a characteristic that distinguishes teams from groups? A) more member participation B) the frequency of meetings conducted C) the level of active member participation D) the intensity with which members work together

D) the intensity with which members work together

The information that managers need to make good human resources decisions about how to train, motivate, and reward organizational members can be obtained through A) recruitment and selection. B) the induction process. C) training and development. D) the performance appraisal.

D) the performance appraisal.

Managers promote organizational identity and make the organization the focus of the group's efforts when groups are A) heading in different directions. B) less cohesive. C) at the point of breaking up. D) too cohesive.

D) too cohesive.

Newly hired programmers at Microsoft Corporation join small work teams so that experienced workers can serve as mentors to them while they are adjusting to their new job. This is the HRM process of A) self-managing work teams. B) selection. C) performance appraisal. D) training and development.

D) training and development.

A manager administers a performance test requiring all applicants for a secretarial position to A) solve five math problems without a calculator in a short amount of time. B) take a quiz that measures verbal aptitude. C) role-play a situation in which they deal with a hostile client. D) type a 1,000-word report to determine their error rate and typing speed.

D) type a 1,000-word report to determine their error rate and typing speed.

An increasingly popular medium that offers some of the advantages of face-to-face communication while saving time and money is A) email. B) blogging. C) social networking. D) videoconferencing.

D) videoconferencing.

With technology changing rapidly and more employees working from remote locations, some experts suggest that by the late 2010s, management by wandering around has evolved into management by A) face-to-face communication. B) daily check-in. C) electronically transmitted spoken communication. D) weekly check-in.

D) weekly check-in.