Final Exam Part 4
The action potential is measured in millivolts (mV) and is ranged from: (pp. 308-309)
-65mV to +40mV
A sensory neuron is also referred to as a/an ________ neuron.
Afferent
Alcohol is primarily metabolized in the_________.
CNS
The part of the body that integrates the information it receives from all over the body in order to make decisions is called the.
CNS
Consciousness resides primarily in the
Cerebrum
The action potential changes the charge inside the axon from positive to negative.
False
The central nervous system consists only of the brain.
False
The parasympathetic system is called the "housekeeper system" because it keeps us alert and ready for "fight or flight
False
The two halves of the brain, the left brain and the right brain, are NOT connected and share no communication
False
True or false. Schwann cells are the main neurons of the spinal cord.
False
When the axon is conducting an impulse, the oscilloscope records a constant membrane potential, equal to about -65mV.
False
Withdrawal from drugs is a safe procedure and does NOT cause any long term physical harm.
False
Alcohol is primarily metabolized in the
Liver,where it disrupts glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
The active ingredient in marijuana is____________.
THC
A motor neuron has short dendrites and a long axon.
True
A nerve fiber obeys the all-or-none law
True
A person does not become physically dependent on marijuana.
True
Derived from Latin, afferent means "running to" and efferent means "running away from"
True
MPPP is an analogue of the narcotic fentanyl.
True
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) lies outside the central nervous system (CNS)
True
The subconscious brain relays messages to and from the spinal cord.
True
True or false. High doses of cocaine can cause death from cardiac and respiratory arrest.
True
A refractory period is___________.
a brief time when a neuron is unable to conduct an impulse
The active ingredient in cocaine is____________.
a plant alkaloid from the Erythroxylum cocoa shrub
Called "ice," methamphetamine is ______________.
a pure, crystalline hydrochloride salt
Which of the following is NOT a neurotransmitter?
acetylcholinesterase
An axon can be stimulated to conduct a nerve impulse by ___________.
all of the above
Which of the following are examples of areas of the cerebral cortex that have been mapped in detail?
all of the above
Which of the following is/are type(s)of neurons?
all of the above
The biological effects of excess alcohol include(s) ____________.
all the above
Which of the following are characteristic of the sympathetic system?
all the above
Which of the following is/are characteristic of the parasympathetic system?
all the above
The sensory neurons that come from internal organs send impulses to the CNS where actions
are especially important to the maintenance of homeostasis
The PNS nerves are part of either the somatic system or the
autonomic system
An axon conducts nerve impulses _________ the cell body.
away from
Which of the following are created by Schwann cells?
both 1 and 2
The central nervous system consists of the
brain and spinal cord
The nicotinein cigarette smoke_________.
causes an excess of dopamine which leads to drug dependence
Axoplasm is the ________ .
cytoplasm of the axon
Which of the following are parts of neurons?
dendrite, axon, and cell body
Cocaine affects the mood by interfering with the uptake of ________ from synaptic clefts.
dopamine
Heroin works by binding to receptors meant for the body's own opioids, called ________.
endorphins
Acetylcholine and norepinephrine are excitatory or inhibitory according to the type of receptor at the ________ membrane.
postsynaptic
As the action potential swings down,
potassium ions move out of the axon
As the potassium ions move out of the axon, the oscilloscope records a ________.
repolarization
An interneuron has _____________.
short dendrites and a long or short axon
Depolarization of the axomembrane is recorded as the gates open, allowing ________ to flow into the axon.
sodium ions
The "sodium-potassium pump" pumps ___________.
sodium ions out and potassium ions in
Schwann cells are one of several types of ________ cells in the nervous system.
neuroglial
Neuroglial cells support and provide nutrition for the ________.
neurons
Nerve impulses create a change in voltage which is measured by and can be seen on a(n) ________.
oscilloscope
The pattern that appears on the oscilloscope screen is caused by rapid ________.
polarity changes
In humans, transmission of nerve impulses across a synaptic cleft is carried out by ________.
neurotransmitter molecules
Acetylcholine and norepinephrine are two well-known _________.
neurotransmitters
The biological effects of excess alcohol include(s)
All the Above
Like sensory and motor neurons, an interneuron also has one other name by which it is called: ______________.
Association
A motor neuron is also referred to as the association neuron
False
A nerve impulse is the way a sensory neuron receives information.
False
A sensory neuron has a short dendrite and a long axon.
False
Cerebrospinal fluid is found only in the brain.
False
Humans have 12 pairs of spinal nerves.
False
Methamphetamine is derived from poppies and must be imported into this country.
False
Methamphetamine is different from cocaine in that its effects are temporary.
False
Nerve impulses go from sensory neurons in sense organs directly to the muscles and glands that respond.
False
Nerves are structures that contain many short fibers joined end-to-end.
False
Schwann cells produce layers of membrane containing myelin, which provides nutrition for the dendrites.
False
Sensory nerve cells act as the decision-making cells for certain stimuli
False
The resting potential indicates that the inside of the neuron is ________ compared to the outside.
negative
Neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across a cleft to the post-synaptic membrane, where they bind with a receptor in a ________ .
lock-and-key manner
The ______contains centers for heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure.
medulla oblongata
The brain and spinal cord are protected by membranes known as the
menigines
The function of the cerebellum is
muscle coordination
The somatic nervous system includes mixed nerves that serves the
musculoskeletal system and the exterior sense organs, including those i
What are the main divisions of the nervous system?
the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system
When a person needs more of a drug to feel the same high, it is called ________.
tolerance
A dendrite conducts nerve impulses ________ the cell body.
toward
The medulla oblongata contains reflex centers for
vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccuping, and swallowing
