Final Exam Study Guide
FCS field -
determines errors by comparing the CRC values.
A network team is comparing topologies for connecting on a shared media. Which physical topology is an example of a hybrid topology for a LAN?
extended star
Which two ICMP messages are used by both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols? (Choose two.) route redirection protocol unreachable neighbor solicitation router solicitation router advertisement
protocol unreachable route redirection
What routing table entry has a next hop address associated with a destination network?
remote routes
What are three responsibilities of the transport layer? (Choose three.) -multiplexing multiple communication streams from many users or applications on the same network -identifying the applications and services on the client and server that should handle transmitted data -formatting data into a compatible form for receipt by the destination devices -meeting the reliability requirements of applications, if any -directing packets towards the destination network -conducting error detection of the contents in frames
-multiplexing multiple communication streams from many users or applications on the same network -identifying the applications and services on the client and server that should handle transmitted data -meeting the reliability requirements of applications, if any
What are two roles of the transport layer in data communication on a network? (Choose two.) -providing frame delimiting to identify bits making up a frame -providing the interface between applications and the underlying network over which messages are transmitted -performing a cyclic redundancy check on the frame for errors -tracking the individual communication between applications on the source and destination hosts -identifying the proper application for each communication stream
-tracking the individual communication between applications on the source and destination hosts -identifying the proper application for each communication stream
Some of the Destination Unreachable codes for ICMPv4 are as follows:
0 - Net unreachable 1 - Host unreachable 2 - Protocol unreachable 3 - Port unreachable
Which destination address is used in an ARP request frame?
FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
What does a router do when it receives a Layer 2 frame over the network medium?
de-encapsulates the frame
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a unicast, multicast, or broadcast address?
destination IPv4 Address
What is the role of an IPS (intrusion prevention system)?
detecting and blocking of attacks in real time
What layer is responsible for routing messages through an internetwork in the TCP/IP model?
internet
Which two functions are primary functions of a router? (Choose two.) -packet forwarding -domain name resolution -path selection -microsegmentation -flow control
packet forwarding path selection
Which two commands could be used to check if DNS name resolution is working properly on a Windows PC? (Choose two.) ping cisco.com nslookup cisco.com nbtstat cisco.com net cisco.com ipconfig /flushdns
ping cisco.com ns lookup cisco.com
Which command can an administrator issue on a Cisco router to send debug messages to the vty lines?
terminal monitor
Routers are responsible for encapsulating a frame with the proper format for the physical network media they connect. At each hop along the path, a router does the following:
-Accepts a frame from a medium -De-encapsulates the frame -Determines the best path to forward the packet -Re-encapsulates the packet into a new frame -Forwards the new frame appropriate to the medium of that segment of the physical network
Some of the Destination Unreachable codes for ICMPv6 are as follows:
0 - No route to destination 1 - Communication with the destination is administratively prohibited (e.g., firewall) 2 - Beyond scope of the source address 3 - Address unreachable 4 - Port unreachable
Explain straight-through, rollover, and crossover.
A straight-through cable is commonly used to interconnect a host to a switch and a switch to a router. A crossover cable is used to interconnect similar devices together like switch to a switch, a host to a host, or a router to a router. If a switch has the MDIX capability, a crossover could be used to connect the switch to the router; however, that option is not available. A rollover cable is used to connect to a router or switch console port.
What statement describes the function of the Address Resolution Protocol?
ARP is used to discover the MAC address of any host on the local network. When a PC wants to send data on the network, it always knows the IP address of the destination. However, it also needs to discover the MAC address of the destination. ARP is the protocol that is used to discover the MAC address of a host that belongs to the same network.
Which three fields are used in a UDP segment header? (Choose three.) Checksum Sequence Number Length Acknowledgement Number Source Port Window Size
Checksum Length Source Port
Which three protocols operate at the application layer of the TCP/IP model? (Choose three.) ARP DHCP FTP UDP TCP POP3
DHCP FTP POP3
Which protocol supports Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) for dynamic assignment of IPv6 addresses to a host?
DHCPv6 SLAAC uses ICMPv6 messages when dynamically assigning an IPv6 address to a host.
What three application layer protocols are part of the TCP/IP protocol suite? (Choose three.) DNS NAT FTP DHCP PPP ARP
DNS FTP DHCP DNS, DHCP, and FTP are all application layer protocols in the TCP/IP protocol suite. ARP and PPP are network access layer protocols, and NAT is an internet layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Mnemonic for application data starting from the application layer. Dan's Singular Picket Fence Broke
Data Segment Packet Frame Bits
A web client is receiving a response for a web page from a web server. From the perspective of the client, what is the correct order of the protocol stack that is used to decode the received transmission?
HTTP, TCP, IP, Ethernet 1. HTTP governs the way that a web server and client interact. 2. TCP manages individual conversations between web servers and clients. 3. IP is responsible for delivery across the best path to the destination. 4. Ethernet takes the packet from IP and formats it for transmission.
Which two devices would be described as intermediary devices? (Choose two.) retail scanner assembly line robots gaming console IPS wireless LAN controller server
IPS wireless LAN controller
Which is a multicast MAC address?
Multicast MAC addresses begin with the special value of 01-00-5E.
Two network engineers are discussing the methods used to forward frames through a switch. What is an important concept related to the cut-through method of switching?
Packets can be relayed with errors when fast-forward switching is used.
Refer to the exhibit. PC1 issues an ARP request because it needs to send a packet to PC3. In this scenario, what will happen next?
RT1 will send an ARP reply with its own Fa0/0 MAC address. When a network device has to communicate with a device on another network, it broadcasts an ARP request asking for the default gateway MAC address. The default gateway (RT1) unicasts an ARP reply with the Fa0/0 MAC address.
The ICMP messages common to both ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 include: host confirmation, destination (net, host, protocol, port) or service unreachable, time exceeded, and route redirection. What protocols are new to ICMPv6?
Router solicitation, neighbor solicitation, and router advertisement are new protocols implemented in ICMPv6.
If the default gateway is configured incorrectly on the host, what is the impact on communications?
The host can communicate with other hosts on the local network, but is unable to communicate with hosts on the remote network. A default gateway is only required to communicate with devices on another network. The absence of a default gateway does not affect connectivity between devices on the same local network.
During the encapsulation process, what occurs at the data link layer for a PC connected to an Ethernet network?
The physical address is added.
What is the purpose of an ARP request? How does it work?
The purpose of an ARP request is to find the MAC address of the destination host on an Ethernet LAN. The ARP process sends a Layer 2 broadcast to all devices on the Ethernet LAN. The frame contains the IP address of the destination and the broadcast MAC address, FFFF.FFFF.FFFF. The host with the IP address that matches the IP address in the ARP request will reply with a unicast frame that includes the MAC address of the host. Thus the original sending host will obtain the destination IP and MAC address pair to continue the encapsulation process for data transmission.
Which two issues can cause both runts and giants in Ethernet networks? (Choose two.) -electrical interference on serial interfaces -using the wrong cable -malfunctioning NIC -half-duplex operations -CRC errors
a malfunctioning NIC half-duplex operations Because collisions are a normal aspect of half-duplex communications, runt and giant frames are common by-products of those operations. A malfunctioning NIC can also place frames on the network that are either too short or longer than the maximum allowed length. CRC errors can result from using the wrong type of cable or from electrical interference. Using a cable that is too long can result in late collisions rather than runts and giants.
Which three layers of the OSI model are comparable in function to the application layer of the TCP/IP model? (Choose three.) physical session data link network transport presentation application
application presentation session
The OSI model consists of seven layers: Please Do Not Touch Steve's Pet Alligator
application presentation session transport network data link physical
The TCP/IP model consists of four layers:
application transport internet network access.
Which two functions are performed at the LLC sublayer of the OSI Data Link Layer to facilitate Ethernet communication? (Choose two.) -applies source and destination MAC address to Ethernet frame -integrates Layer 2 information between 10 Gigabit Ethernet over fiber and 1 Gigabit Ethernet over copper -places information in the Ethernet frame that identifies which network layer protocol is being encapsulated by the frame -adds Ethernet control information to network protocol data -implements CSMA/CD over legacy shared half-duplex media
applies source and destination MAC address to Ethernet frame adds Ethernet control information to network protocol data
IPv6 does not use ARP. Instead-
it uses neighbor advertisement messages and ICMPv6 neighbor discovery by sending neighbor solicitation.
What are two types of IPv6 unicast addresses (Choose two.) loopback anycast multicast link-local broadcast
loopback link-local
Which two OSI model layers have the same functionality as two layers of the TCP/IP model? (Choose two.) transport session network data link physical
network transport The OSI network layer is equivalent to the TCP/IP internet layer. The OSI data link and physical layers together are equivalent to the TCP/IP network access layer. The OSI session layer (with the presentation layer) is included within the TCP/IP application layer.
What are two services provided by the OSI network layer? (Choose two.) -placement of frames on the media -collision detection -routing packets toward the destination -encapsulating PDUs from the transport layer -performing error detection
routing packets toward the destination encapsulating PDUs from the transport layer
What type of information is contained in a DNS MX record?
the domain name mapped to mail exchange servers
Network information: * local router LAN interface: 172.19.29.254 / fe80:65ab:dcc1::10 * local router WAN interface: 198.133.219.33 / 2001:db8:FACE:39::10 * remote server: 192.135.250.103 What task might a user be trying to accomplish by using the ping 2001:db8:FACE:39::10 command?
verifying that there is connectivity to the internet
To which TCP port group does the port 414 belong?
well-known