Final Inspection Test
Another term for leading edge ribs is:"Nose" ribs or what?
"False" ribs.
Some landing gear systems have lights that are on while the gear are in transition and extinguish when the gear are up and locked. How can the pilot or maintenance technician verify the system is working correctly - that is, receive positive confirmation the gear is, in fact, up and locked, and not merely a burned-out lightbulb?
A "Push-to-test" feature
What landing gear warning device(s) is/are incorporated on retractable landing gear aircraft?
A horn or other aural device and a red warning light.
Pratt truss.
A type of truss with parallel chords, all vertical members in compression, and all diagonal members in tension. The diagonals slant toward the center
What is (are) the difference(s) between a 100-hour inspection and an Annual inspection?
A&P mechanics can sign off 100 hour inspections and it requires an IA to sign off an Annual Inspection. Who may perform the work; otherwise the scope and detail are identical.
What are the criteria that determine whether or not an aircraft must have a "100-Hour Inspection?"
If an aircraft is flown for Hire If an aircraft is used for flight instruction provided by the instructor.
What is evident regarding the inspection of a stressed-skin metal wing assembly known to have been critically loaded?
If genuine rivet tipping has occurred, groups of consecutive rivet heads will be tipped in the same direction.
A characteristic of a "Dynafocal" engine mount is what?
It is designed so the bolts "point" towards the CG of the engine.
On the gear warning and position indicating system, what do green lights indicate?
Landing gear down and locked (safe to land).
Which part of a semi-monocoque fuselage prevents tension and compression from bending the fuselage?
Longerons and stringers
The purpose for a "Conformity Inspection / check" is what?Why might one need to refer to CAR 3 or FAR 23 while conducting a "Conformity Inspection / check?"
Make sure the aircraft has Required Equipment (14 CFR 91.205) Equipment List Minimum Equipment List (MEL) Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL)
An annual inspection was conducted on March 15, signed off per the appropriate regulation, and a list of discrepancies was given to the owner. An appropriately rated A&P mechanic (not the inspector) completed the last maintenance action to correct the discrepancies on April 15. The next annual inspection is due when?
March 31, the following year.
What do mechanics have to adhere by while working on light-sport aircraft?
Mechanics performing maintenance (as defined by 14 CFR 1.1) on Light-Sport (LSA) aircraft must still adhere to the maintenance record ("logbook") entry requirements of 14 CFR Part 43
When must a mechanic adhere to a checklist?
Only if it is an inspection, otherwise no.
What are reasons for using chemical milling?
Ability to produce material that will accept stresses better because there are no tooling marks and therefore no stress risers have been set up. Ability to produce material that will accept stresses better because it has not under gone significant thermal deviation in the manufacturing process.
The name of the unit that converts hydraulic pressure into linear motion to move components is the what?
Actuator assembly.
For aircraft operated under part 91, what difference is there, if any, between the record entry requirements for maintenance (e.g., repair or alteration) and the record entry requirements for inspections (beyond the description of the work performed and the type and extent of inspection)?
Aircraft total time is required to be included only in the inspection entry.
What is correct regarding an aircraft that is found to be unairworthy after an annual inspection, due to an item requiring a major repair (assuming approved data is used to accomplish the repair)?
An appropriately rated mechanic may accomplish the repair, and an IA may approve the aircraft for return to service.
A Minimum Equipment List (MEL) is what?
An approved, aircraft-specific document that is referred to for inoperative equipment in place of 14 CFR 91.213(d).
Which statement is true regarding the requirements for maintenance record format?
Any format that provides record continuity and includes the required information may be used.
Ultimate Stress Point
Any movement beyond this will cause destruction of the material.
Yield Point
Any movement beyond this will cause permanent deformation of the material.
Which of the following is one of the processes whereby a metal is dimensioned, cut, or formed without the use of "conventional" tooling - such that no tooling marks are left?
Chemical milling
What happens if an AD is issued?
Compliance with an applicable AD is mandatory and must be recorded in the maintenance records.
The stress on the upper skin of an aircraft wing in flight is typically:
Compression
What are the two basic components of airworthiness - that is, what is the definition of "Airworthy?"
Conformity to Type Design & In a condition safe for operation.
Based on the lecture about the AD note numbering system:AD 87-20-02 R3 was originally issued ____ and subsequently revised _____.
September 1987; three (3) times.
The unit that controls the order of gears and doors opening and closing is the what?
Sequence valve
The name of the unit that automatically transfers control from the normal system to the emergency system (in a hydraulic system) is the what?
Shuttle valve
The principle structural members of wings are what?
Spars
In Stress vs. Strain, How an object responds (changes shape) to an applied force as it increases in intensity is known as what?
Strain
The internal force that opposes an external force is known as what?
Stress
Wing Spar
This is the main support structure of the wing itself
A hydraulic system referred to as a "power pack" system will?
have all hydraulic power components located in one unit.
An aircraft that is due an annual inspection may be flown when?
if a special permit has been issued for the aircraft.
Large airplanes and turbine-powered multiengine airplanes operated under Federal Aviation Regulation Part 91, General Operating and Flight Rules, must be inspected in accordance with what?
in accordance with an inspection program authorized under Federal Aviation Regulation Part 91, Subpart E.
Longitudinal (fore and aft) structural members of a semi-monocoque fuselage are called what?
longerons and stringers.
The cantilever wing uses
no external bracing.
The cantilever wing uses no what?
no external bracing/struts
A typical landing gear position and warning system will provide a warning in the cockpit when the gear is what?
not down and locked and the throttle is retarded
plastic range
permanent deformation occurs after load is removed
During an annual inspection, if a defect is found which makes the aircraft unairworthy, the person disapproving must provide what?
provide a written notice of the defect to the owner.
An aircraft may be flown beyond the 100-hour inspection requirement to reach a place where the inspection can be accomplished,
provided it does not exceed 10 flight hours.
Are cowlings integral to structure or important to operation?
repairable, using approved methods.
Imagine two aircraft: one is strut-braced, or semi-cantilevered, and the other has a full cantilever wing; all other design aspects are comparable or equal. If you were to compare the spars and wing attach bolts of these two aircraft, you would expect the components from the semi-cantilever aircraft to be:
smaller or thinner
The monocoque fuselage relies largely on the strength of what?
the skin or covering.
Gusset Plate
to add strength and rigidity to structures by joining them
"Rip-stop doublers" are something you might expect to find on what kind of aircraft?
Pressurized.
What do service bulletins mean when issued?
Regardless of "Mandatory" status, are not legally required, unless specifically called by another legal document, such as an AD, TCDS, or the Operation Specifications (Op Specs) of the operator.
What three inspections satisfy the requirements for the above-mentioned Inspection (100-hour inspections)?
100-Hour Inspection Annual Inspection Inspection for issuance of Airworthiness Certificate
A certificated mechanic with a powerplant rating may perform the what?
100-hour inspection required by the Federal Aviation Regulations on a powerplant or any component thereof and approve and return the same to service.
Air Taxi operators and air carriers have additional regulations, one of these is something called "Required Inspection Items." Note which section of the FARs deals with this? {e.g. 14 CFR 43.15(c)(2), §91.209(d)(1), etc.}
14 CFR 121.369(b)(2) 14 CFR 125.249(a)(3)(ii) 14 CFR 135.427(b)(2) 14 CFR 91.1427(b)(2)
The "Largest FAR," according to your instructor, is what?
14 CFR 39.13 because it contains every AD
In addition to 14 CFR 43 Appendix D, there are some additional regulations that pertain to 100-hour and Annual inspections?
14 CFR 43.15 14 CFR 43.16 14 CFR 43.13 14 CFR 43.11 91.409, 91.217
Which regulation provides information regarding instrument range markings for an airplane certificated in the normal category?
14 CFR Part 23.
Where would you find the operating conditions that make a100-hour inspection mandatory?
14 CFR Part 91.
The maximum time a 100-hour inspection may be extended is what?
10 hours.
According to your instructor, one way to determine if access/inspection panels are structural is what?
By the number and type of screws/fasteners.
The tension rods that run diagonally between ribs resisting the forces pulling (or pushing) a wing aft are known as what?
Drag wires.
In addition to 100-hour and Annual inspections, there are other inspections/tests/checks that need to be conducted at various intervals.
ELT Check Altimeter/Pitot-Static Transponder Required by an AD VOR Possible: Progressive Inspections, CAMP §91.207 §91.411 + 43 Appendix E §91.413 + 43 Appendix F The AD §91.171 §91.217
What does a progressive inspection provide?
Eliminates the need to comply with the requirement for an Annual Inspection.
"Fail Safe" construction generally means
Failure of any one component or part of a component won't bring the entire aircraft down.
"Fail Safe" construction generally means what?
Failure of any one component or part of a component won't bring the entire aircraft down.
True or False Only a certificated mechanics with an Inspection Authorization may perform a major alteration or major repair on an aircraft.
False
The CG of an aircraft should be ideally placed
Forward of the Center of Lift.
If a flight control surface is improperly balanced, the passing airflow can cause rapid oscillations, which can lead to destructive vibrations. To prevent this, most ailerons have balance weights?
Forward of the hinge points.
What component would you not find a rib?
Fuselage
Some landing gear emergency extension systems are what?
Gravity (free-fall), pressurized gas [bottle], hand pump, mechanical [system]
Thinking in terms of the differences between longerons and stringers are what?
Stringers are generally more numerous and span between individual bulkheads and/or formers, whereas longerons are generally fewer in number, but stronger and span multiple bulkheads or formers.
As an inspector, you know that the "Certification Basis" of an aircraft is important. But you want to make sure that you are looking at the right regulations; in what document can can you look to find where the Certification Basis for a particular aircraft is listed? (i.e. Where can you find the Certification Basis for a particular aircraft, by model or serial number - or both?)
TCDS
The stress on the lower skin of an aircraft wing in flight is typically what?
Tension
Bending, as a stress, is comprised of which two elements?
Tension and Compression
longeron
The main longitudinal strength-carrying member of an aircraft fuselage.
Fracture
The object breaks.
The term for the phenomenon that causes a control surface to oscillate or vibrate in the airflow — generally due to improper balancing — is known as what?
flutter
Why should "re-tread" tires not be used on retractable-gear aircraft?
They can be larger than "new" tires and if they expand, they can get jammed in the wheel well.
True or False A "Ground Loop" happens, in part, because the aircraft's CG is behind its main wheels and the rudder has reduced authority.
True
True or False An aural warning horn sounding while operating the landing gear system is usually a good indication something is unsafe or incorrectly configured.
True
True or False Generally speaking, the "standard" landing gear for helicopters/rotorcraft is a fixed steel skid.
True
True or False The FAA considers "Inspections" as a part of "Maintenance."
True
True or False The majority of most modern, small, GA aircraft employ a semi-monocoque design.
True
True or False? "Monocoque" comes from the French word meaning, "Single shell."
True
Types of ribs
Truss-type, nose, wooden
When is a mechanic responsible for checking AD compliance?
When performing an inspection required under part 91, 125, or 135.
Elastic range
force is applied, but then returns to the original shape.
The FAA breaks down aircraft (airframe) structures into five (5) categories. They are what?
Wings Stabilizers Flight Control Surfaces Fuselage Landing Gear
What is not a good example of torsional forces?
Woodruff key.
Warren truss.
a truss with equilateral triangles
Primary responsibility for compliance with Airworthiness Directives (ADs) is with the what?
aircraft owner or operator.
For an individual (not a repair station) to conduct a complete 100-hour inspection on an aircraft and approve it for return to service requires a mechanic certificate with what?
airframe and powerplant ratings.
In a hydraulic system containing a standpipe in the reservoir, the emergency system will typically be connected to what?
another port placed lower than the standpipe.
During the review of an aircraft's records while performing an airworthiness inspection, you discover that the altimeter has not been inspected and tested within the preceding 24 calendar months. If the aircraft meets all other airworthiness requirements, as the inspector, you should do what?
approve the aircraft for return to service and advise the owner or operator that the aircraft should not be used under instrument flight rules.
Radio equipment installations made in accordance with Supplemental Type Certificate data require approval for return to service by whome?
by the holder of an inspection authorization.
Nose gear centering cams are used in many retractable landing gear systems. The primary purpose of the centering device is to do what?
center the nosewheel before it enters the wheel well.
Butt Rib
closest full-length rib to the fuselage
stringer
connects two bulkheads together
Airworthiness Directives (ADs) are primarily issued to?
correct an unsafe condition
aircraft skin
covering of the internal structure
On all aircraft equipped with retractable landing gear, a means must be provided to
extend the landing gear if the normal operating mechanism fails.
