Exam 1 CJ 4321
Thinking in terms of recent economic and social changes, which of the following has broadened the scope of areas in which white collar crimes can occur?
Globalization
Cullen, Link, and Polanzi (1982) found that the public's perceptions of the seriousness of white-collar crime increased more than any other crime type in the 1970s. This could be explained by which of the following?
Highly publicized cases of white-collar crime that caused physical harm during the 1970s
...Darren was not informed of this extra fee until after the air duct cleaning was completed. This is an example of
Home repair fraud
Door-to-door scams are common in ______ fraud schemes.
Home repair fraud
Some argue that the very nature of the health care system, with its complex red tape and bureaucratic confusion set up a situation that allows_____ and abuse to occur.
Medical fraud
Which of the following has been identified as a reason why elder abuse occurs?
Stressed offenders commit the offenses because of a stressful interaction with the patient
The lack of standardization in medicine as a science, the stigma of certain diseases, and the level of trust the public gives health care provides can explain the high rates of?
Unnecessary surgeries
Which of the following involves an agent concealing information of important settle policies, which allow people to invest in others life insurance policies?
Viatical Settlement Fraud
The practices of some industries such as tobacco companies are legal. However, many would argue that the products produced by the tobacco industry are dangerous. We would classify the manufacturing and sales of tobacco as which of the following?
White-collar crime
When comparing white collar criminals to conventional offenders, Wheeler and his colleagues (1988) discussed that white-collar criminals were different from conventional criminals in which of the following ways?
White-collar offenders have a college education
Experts estimate the cost from theft in the retail system is as high as _________.
$44 Billion
Of the research strategies identified in the text, which would be most appropriate to study a case in which a model of car was experiencing spontaneous brake failures?
Case Studies
Complaints about auto sales ranked ______ on the 2014 list of top complaints made to attorneys general.
First
In an attempt to address health care fraud the Health Insurance Portability Act of ________ was passed making care fraud a federal offense
1996
It's estimated that there are ________ unnecessary medical produces including surgeries occurring yearly.
7.5 million
When we consider the likelihood of criminal victimization, which of the following is the average person who is more likely to be victimized by?
A businessperson like Bernie Madoff
Employees may engage in retail theft in a variety of ways including
All of the above
Scholars argued that which of the following has been a core challenge with Sutherland's definition of white-collar crime?
All of the above
Why it is essential to objectively study white-collar crime?
All of these above
Which of the following is true about the retail system?
All of these answers are correct
A large retail chain recently created a website that allows employees to anonymously report theft goods, cash, and credit card information committed by other employees. This is an example of:
Awareness Strategies
If you were to open a small retail business where you are employed a few employees to work the cash register, which of the following strategies could be employed to control employee theft?
Awareness strategies
Why is substituting generic drugs for a patient considered a crime?
Because the insurance company gets billed for more expensive medication
At the Sunnydale Coffee Shop, there have been a series of suspected cases of employees giving away free coffee. If you were tasked with preventing future incidents of staff giving away coffee, which of the following would you employ?
Both A and B are correct
Several studies in recent years have identified those with college educations as perceiving white collar crime as equal to or more serious than street crime? Which of the following may explain these findings
Both A and B are correct
What are some of the reasons why we have seen an increase in health care services in the home?
Both A and C are correct
Which of the following is a consequence of white-collar crime?
Both B and C are correct
Which of the following could help researchers overcome the challenges of conducting survey-based research of white-collar crime?
Build a connection with interview subject over time
In Criminal Behavior Systems, Clinard and Quinney Divided white-collar crime into two types. Which of the following best describes their typology?
Corporate crime as crimes by the corporation committed to benefit the corporation and occupational crimes as crime against the corporation
A pharmacist stealing medication from her employer and selling them to friends would be an example of applying which definition of white-collar crime?
Criminal law definition
If Marie, a pharmacist at a local chain drug store, works with several youth in the community to sell oxycontin at local high schools, she is engaging in the practice of:
Delivery of a controlled substance
Few criminologists, criminology text books, and criminal justice textbooks pay ample attention to which of the following due to the level of respect, power, and authority that typically comes with this position?
Doctors
Which of the following is not a strategy used to address crimes against nursing home residents?
Educational Strategies
Who first introduced the concept of white-collar crime?
Edwin Sutherland
Jesilow, Geis, and O'Brien's study of battery testing shops in California found which of the following was related to honesty in this service?
If the shop was smaller
Which of the following are examples of prevention strategies for the restaurant business?
Inventory control, controlled exits, and inspections of employees' belongings
Society's general mistrust of insurance companies has played a role in the _________ number of unnecessary surgeries or medical procedures performed.
Large
...Agnes wants to avoid her car breaking down so she paid for repairs. Why was the mechanic able to fool her so easily?
Most people don't know about their cars
Which is one of the main reasons there are such high rates of theft by workers in restaurants?
Most workers are younger
Which of the following contains three of the five principles of science that are required in the study white-collar crime?
Parsimony, skepticism, relativism
If a doctor bill an insurance company for a surgical procedure she did not provide a patient, it is known as
Phantom Treatments
Which of the following was used in a study by criminologist Sam Wheeler to gain insight into the dynamics of white-collar offenses and how offenders are sentenced in court?
Pre-sentencing reports
Which of the following systems provides advantages to both those who commit white-collar crime and those who seek to prevent and prosecute it?
Technological or cyber systems
Death related to medication errors may be the result of an influx of new physicians in medical practices and residents. This is known as:
The July Effect
Starting with Sutherland's work and continuing to the present, scholars have argued that even though white-collar crime causes harm in a variety of domains including financial and safety, which of the following can undermine the stability of social morale, the economy, and the social relationships?
The violation of trust
What did E.A. Ross believe was the most dangerous more economic losses than the average street criminal
They engage in criminal acts under the cover of responsibility
Studies consistently show that ______ are accused of fraud more than other health care providers.
doctors/physicians
Angela....She repeatedly told her doctor he was in error, but he performed the appendectomy. This is an example of:
medical malpractice
Insurance fraud can occur in the sales/services system as a type of _______ fraud.
repair/Sale
The California Department of Consumer Affairs/Bureau of Auto Repair (BAR) found 42% of collision repair work done in CA was fraudulent. Critics of this study argue:
using vague definitions of fraud