Final Org. Comm

A press secretary's job to communicate an organization's message is a clear example of ventriloquism.

True.

A solution-oriented path of small-group decision making does not involved any activity related to problem definition or analysis.

True.

According to the dual capacity model, the choice of communication channel will depend on both of these factors.

True.

According to the prescriptive approach to culture, successful companies can be identified in terms of their cultures.

True.

Anticipatory socialization primarily involves the process of learning about certain occupations before entering the organization.

True.

Blake and Mouton suggest that all managers should adopt a team management approach.

True.

Control in a System IV organization is exercised at all levels of the organization.

True.

Deal and Kennedy argued that business success could be enhanced through the development of a "strong" culture.

True.

Dixon is experiencing perceived conflict if he is thinking about his incompatible working relationship with his supervisor but he has not mentioned this concern to anyone.

True.

Equivocality is likely to be high in highly competitive business environments.

True.

In viewing conflict from a cultural perspective, a negotiator would want to consider the conflict "scripts" that exist within a particular change.

True.

Managers will choose a rich communication medium when dealing with highly ambiguous tasks.

True.

Perceived conflict involves at least one of the parties in the conflict realizing his/her goals are incompatible with the other party's goals

True.

Social constructionists argue that reality is an objective thing.

True.

Standpoint feminists believe that remedies for female subordination should come from within the system.

True.

Structuration theory argues that the social world is generated through the agency of active participants.

True.

The Hawthorne Studies were motivated by the classical approach to organizing and led to the human relations approach to organizing.

True.

The Hawthorne research team was initially interested in how changes in the work environment would impact productivity of factory workers.

True.

Systems theory originated with the study of ____. a. organizations b. sociology c. biology d. communication e. machine

c. biology

This type of framing describes a subject in familiar terms. a. spin b. stories c. catchphrases d. metaphors

c. catchphrases

According to McGregor, which of the following characterize the assumptions of a Theory X manager? a. workers are lazy b. workers dislike responsibility c. workers are not very bright d. all of the above e. a and b

d. all of the above

Investigating communication in the workplace by finding optimal ways to set up a communication network of systems for employees who telecommute represents a ____ approach to communication. a. psychological b. elliptical c. phenomenological d. cybernetic

d. cybernetic

When people make personal financial decisions, they often rely on ____. a. rational principles b. a normative model of decision c. bounded rationality d. heurisitics

d. heurisitics

"Be self-managing to reach organizational goals" would be a message that would represent which paradox of participation? a. structure b. power c. agency d. identity

d. identity

All of the following are typical problems identified with the change process except ____. a. unrealistic expectations b. lack of meaningful participation c. purpose of the program was not clear d. management support

d. management support

Which of the Hawthorne Studies found that the social group's influence on worker behavior exceeded leverage exerted by the formal organizational power structure? a. relay assembly test room study b. interview program c. bank writing room study d. illumination study

c. bank writing room study

Which of the following is not a prototype management style as discussed by Blake and Mouton? a. country club b. team c. benevolent-authoritative d. impoverished

c. benevolent-authoritative

Groupthink refers to a mode of thinking where a group is more concerned with high quality decision making than cohesiveness.

False: a group is more concerned with the cohesiveness than their high-quality decision making.

According to Fayol, an effective organization is loosely structured where no one really knows their place.

False: an organization can be effective only when the interests of the whole take precedence over the interests of individuals.

Communication in classical organizations tends to flow horizontally through the hierarchy.

False: communication flows vertically.

In the consultative organization, managers have the explicit goal of exploiting workers.

False: in the consultative organization, before decisions are made, employees are consulted and their views are taken into consideration.

If an organization exists in a diverse and complex environment, a team-based management approach is not appropriate.

False: it is appropriate.

In Weick's view of organizing, responding to highly equivocal information requires the use of assembly rules.

False: it requires the use of communication cycles.

The concept of exchange is central to transformational leadership.

False: it's central to transactional leadership.

Systematic soldiering was Taylor's way of breaking up the social interaction in work groups that often led to slowed production.

False: selecting specific jobs for specific employees would break up social interactions that often led to systematic soldiering.

The main difference between the accommodating and the avoidance conflict management styles is the level of concern for self.

False: the main difference is the level of concern for others.

In distributive bargaining, the parties are working with a "fixed pot" from which each wants to create a win-win situation.

False: the only possible outcomes are win-lose situations.

If a mediator is attempting to secure information and clarify misunderstandings, he or she is using directive tactics.

False: they are using non-directive tactics.

In a hegemonic relationship, the controlled group accepts, but does not actively participate in, the control process.

False: they do actively participate.

Organizations today rarely follow Taylor's idea about fitting the job to the individual.

False: they do follow it.

Withhold and uphold is the most effective strategy to communicate change.

False: underscore and explore is the most effective strategy.

Dual Capacity Model

Proposes that every organizational medium has both "data-carrying capacity" that is analogous to media richness, and "symbol-carrying capacity" that involves additional meaning an individual might have for a particular medium.

Channel Expansion Theory

Richness perceptions depend on an individual's personal experience with a specific medium.

When active participants engage in agency, they will ____ follow the rules of guiding interactions. a. always b. never c. sometimes d. enthusiastically

a. always

Phase models of small-group decision making assume that ____. a. decisions are made through a rigid and unitary sequence of group activities b. groups reach decisions through a variety of decision paths c. a subgroup must engage in the devil's advocacy role for sound decisions to be made d. effective decisions take the group through higher level needs where satisfaction is achieved

a. decisions are made through a rigid and unitary sequence of group activities

Tempest, a new employee at Litter and Kibbles Pet Supplies, arrived at work this morning at 9 AM only to find that all the other employees had been working since 6 AM. She was not aware that the workday at this company began at such an early hour. Tempest has just experienced which phases of socialization? a. encounter b. role routinization c. anticipatory socialization d. unrealistic job preview e. metamorphosis

a. encounter

Three people were fired at ABC Corporation. Eugene was fired because he was incompetent. Rita was fired because she was unethical. Kayla was fired because of economic conditions. This illustrates the systems property of ____. a. equifinality b. negative entropy c. feedback d. requisite variety

a. equifinality

Which of the Hawthorne Studies found that employees were more interested in talking about their feelings and attitudes rather than the work itself? a. interview program b. relay assembly test room study c. bank wiring room study d. illumination study

a. interview program

Distributive bargaining is characterized by which of the following? a. maximizing joint gains b. compromises c. open sharing of information d. variable-sum issues

a. maximizing joint gains

The container metaphor points our that ____. a. organizational communication occurs within the container of an organization b. organizational communication flows out of the container of an organization c. organizational communication pours into the container of an organization d. organizational communication cannot be contained.

a. organizational communication occurs within the container of an organization

Jasprit is the new manager of Burger Barn. During his first meeting with his employees, he emphasized his many years of experience as a manager of fast food to assure the employees he knows what he is doing in a time of change. His message could most easily be studied through a ____ approach to communication. a. rhetorical b. phenomenological c. sociocultural d. cybernetic

a. rhetorical

In order to fulfill the requirements of her new job, Jade must attend a seminar on desk-top publishing. Through this seminar, she will learn _____ information. a. role-related b. overt c. cultural d. anticipatory

a. role-related

Feminists who work to enhance the opportunity for a variety of marginalized voices to be heard within societal dialogue are called ____. a. standpoint feminists b. radical feminists c. liberal feminists d. postmodern feminists

a. standpoint feminists

Disseminating a standardized form to a broader public represents which degree of separation in the scaling up process? a. 1st b. 6th c. 2nd d. 3rd

b. 6th

Eleni works as a conflict arbitrator for the federal government. Her role differs from a management/ union mediator because a. Eleni is only able to facilitate disputes b. Eleni can make a binding decision about the conflict c. Eleni has no decision power d. Eleni can only be hired by nonunion shops

b. Eleni can make a binding decision about the conflict

Taylor would like to sign up for an organizational communication class, and she wants to decide who is the single best instructor in the department from which to take the class. Taylor's decision-making process would be best characterized as ____. a. a rational model b. an optimizing model c. an emergent model d. a multiple sequence model

b. an optimizing model

George has always thought that he and Tina had the perfect marriage. Every time they disagree, he pushes for his side, and she wants him happy, so he always gets his way. George uses a ____ style of conflict resolution and Tina uses ____ style. a. competitive/avoidance b. competitive/accommodative c. collaborative/avoidance d. collaborative/ accommodative

b. competitive/accommodative

What are the three key components of Putnam and Poole's definition of conflict? a. incompatible goals, escalation, and negotiation b. incompatible goals, interdependence, and interaction c. interaction, congruent goals, and transaction d. latent, perceived, and manifest

b. incompatible goals, interdependence, and interaction

The flow of communication most concerned with organizational identity is ____ a. member negotiation flow b. institutional positioning flow c. self-structuring flow d. activity coordination flow

b. institutional positioning flow

Although she couldn't tell a woofer from a tweeter, Jacky had a great deal of power at Hear It Here Stereo Shop because her family had owned the business for many years. What type of authority does Jacky have? a. charismatic power b. legitimate power c. legal power d. rational power

b. legitimate power

Gail has been working as a seamstress for 20 years, but her job is soon going to be changed drastically as the plant she works in becomes automated. According to Marxist theory, Gail may become alienated when this happens because ____. a. management has control over the modes of production b. management has control over the means of production c. management has control over the production rewards d. management has control over the production quotas

b. management has control over the means of production

The state reached as the "completion" of the socialization process is called ____. a. anticipatory socialization b. metamorphosis c. encounter d. individualization

b. metamorphosis

Dora is very appreciative that her employer provides gloves to protect her hands from the dangerous chemicals she uses in her work. According to Maslow, what need level is Dora concerned with? a. physiological needs b. safety needs c. belonging needs d. esteem needs e. financial needs

b. safety needs

The Theory of Scientific Management sought to eliminate... a. rate busting and social interactions b. uneven works and systematic soldiering c. piecework pay and time and motion studies d. centralization and financial rewards

b. uneven works and systematic soldiering

The four key components of Deal and Kennedy's "strong cultures" are ____. a. rites/rituals, heroes, the gangplank, and assumptions b. values, heroes, rites/rituals, and the cultural network c. episodes, autonomy, stories, and rites/rituals. d. artifacts, decision-making style, values, and network configuration

b. values, heroes, rites/rituals, and the cultural network

According to Putnam and Kolb, a feminist view of conflict is based on ____. a. mutual gain b. settlement c. co-construction through collaboration d. information exchange

c. co-construction through collaboration

The "match" of the leadership style to the characteristics of the situation is addressed in which of the following theories? a. trait theories of leadership b. style theories of leadership c. contingency theory of leadership d. none of the above

c. contingency theory of leadership

Communication is enacted at which phase in the conflict process? a. felt conflict b. latent conflict c. manifest conflict d. perceived conflict

c. manifest conflict

Open systems are characterized by ____, or the ability to sustain themselves and grow. a. participation b. requisite variety c. negative entropy d. cultural diversity

c. negative entropy

Fayol's Theory of Classical Management is prescriptive theory because it... a. describes the way an organization actually functions b. lays out the features of an "ideal type" organization c. prescribes the way an organization ought to run d. explains how components in an organization influence each other

c. prescribes the way an organization ought to run

With this type of authority, power rests not in the individual but rather in the expertise that has created a system of rules and norms. a. traditional authority b. charismatic authority c. rational-legal authority d. closed authority

c. rational-legal authority

Horace manages a fast food restaurant and never worries too much about treating his employees well, because he knows the local high school is full of students willing to work for minimum wage. What principal of the "machine metaphor" does Horace's attitude exemplify? a. specialization b. predictability c. replaceability d. abusiveness

c. replaceability

Human relations principles argue that... a. satisfaction of higher-order needs leads directly to productivity b. productivity leads directly to satisfaction of higher-ordered needs c. satisfaction of higher-ordered needs leads directly to job satisfaction d. work factors directly impact job satisfaction

c. satisfaction of higher-ordered needs leads directly to job satisfaction

Allie works for a large manufacturing firm and enjoys the feeling of being a "cog" in the machine and being able to leave work behind when she leaves the plant. When she is forced to participate in a new workplace democracy program, she thinks, "If this is democracy, how come they can make me go to those meetings?" What paradox of participation does Allie illustrate? a. the paradox of agency b. the paradox of identity c. the paradox of power d. the paradox of structure

c. the paradox of power

The managerial strategy for communicating about change where the management focuses on fundamental issues related to change success and allows employees the creative freedom to explore various possibilities is ____. a. identify and reply b. tell and sell c. underscore and explore d. spray and pray

c. underscore and explore

Esmeralda started a new job putting peanuts into small bags to sell outside of the baseball park. She found that she has a knack for the job and started working fast so she could earn a lot of money. Her coworkers quickly tried to convince her to slow down, as they knew management might start paying them only a penny per bag instead if they realized how easy the job was. Esmeralda is an example of ______ and the coworkers form of communication is an example of ______. a. initiatives and incentives/rate-busting b. rate-buster/ scientific management c. systematic soldiering/scientific management d. rate-buster/systematic soldiering

d. rate-buster/ systematic soldiering

If a newcomer tries to see how far he or she can deviate from an organizational rule and observe the subsequent reaction, the ____ information seeking tactic is being used. a. overt questions b. indirect questions c. surveillance d. testing limits

d. testing limits

According to the Montreal School of CCO, substance and meaning represents which part of the "co-orientation" process? a. conversation b. separation c. formalization d. text

d. text

Jamon is a manager in a human resources organization. He has a message for Bob who works on the assembly line. What channel is he likely to use to get the message to Bob? a. face-to-face b. telephone c. memo d. email f. any of the above

f. any of the above