Final review practice questions

A patient is prescribed sustained-release oral nitroglycerin capsules for chronic stable angina. The nurse should include which instruction? A."Avoid exercising to help prevent chest pain." B."Place the capsule under the tongue if chest pain occurs." C."Take the capsule as needed before exercise or exertion." D."Sit or lie down if dizziness or lightheadedness occurs."

D."Sit or lie down if dizziness or lightheadedness occurs."

A patient is prescribed the dopamine agonist pramipexole [Mirapex]. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A."The drug should be taken with food to prevent nausea." B."I may experience hallucinations while taking this drug." C."I should rise slowly to prevent dizziness and fainting." D."This drug will stop the progression of Parkinson disease."

D."This drug will stop the progression of Parkinson disease."

The nurse prepares to administer dantrolene [Dantrium] to a patient. Before the administration of the drug, it is most important for the nurse to assess which laboratory value? A.Serum amylase B.Creatinine clearance C.Blood glucose D.Aminotransferases

D.Aminotransferases

A patient is prescribed bethanechol [Urecholine] for urinary retention. If the patient exhibits signs of an overdose, such as increased salivation and sweating, bradycardia, or hypotension, which medication should the nurse administer? A.Acetylcholine [Miochol-E] B.Cevimeline [Evoxac] C.Oxybutynin [Ditropan] D.Atropine [AtroPen]

D.Atropine [AtroPen]

The nurse is caring for a patient with social anxiety disorder. The patient is currently experiencing intense anxiety. The nurse should prepare to administer which medication for the immediate relief of anxiety? A.Fluvoxamine [Luvox] B.Paroxetine [Paxil] C.Sertraline [Zoloft] D.Clonazepam [Klonopin]

D.Clonazepam [Klonopin]

A patient with hyperthyroidism is taking propylthiouracil (PTU). It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for which adverse effects? A.Gingival hyperplasia and dysphagia B.Dyspnea and a dry cough C.Blurred vision and nystagmus D.Fever and sore throat

D.Fever and sore throat

A patient is brought to the emergency department for the treatment of an overdose of alprazolam [Xanax]. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer to this patient? A.Protamine sulfate B.Acetylcysteine [Acetadote] C.Naloxone [Narcan] D.Flumazenil [Romazicon]

D.Flumazenil [Romazicon]

The nurse prepares to administer metoprolol to a patient with chronic stable angina. What is a priority assessment to make before the administration of this medication? A.Temperature B.Urinary function C.Respiratory rate D.Heart rate

D.Heart rate

A patient is receiving dopamine [Inotropin] for the treatment of shock. What would indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? A.Decreased mean arterial pressure B.Gain of 2 kg in 24 hours C.Increased heart rate D.Increased urine output

D.Increased urine output

A postoperative patient who received an intravenous infusion of morphine has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute and is lethargic. Which as-needed medication should the nurse administer to the patient? A.Methadone [Dolophine] B.Nalbuphine [Nubain] C.Tramadol [Ultram] D.Naloxone [Narcan]

D.Naloxone [Narcan]

A patient receives vecuronium [Norcuron] to facilitate mechanical ventilation. Which medication would the nurse administer to reverse muscle paralysis? A.Diazepam [Valium] B.Pralidoxime [Protopam] C.Acetylcysteine [Mucomyst] D.Neostigmine [Prostigmin]

D.Neostigmine [Prostigmin]

Which medication is used to promote gastric ulcer healing by providing a protective barrier? A.Cimetidine B.Misoprostol C.Omeprazole D.Sucralfate

D.Sucralfate

A client with previously well-controlled diabetes mellitus has had fasting blood glucose levels ranging from 180 to 200 mg/dL. The client takes glyburide 5 mg orally daily. In reviewing the client's medication list, the home health care nurse suspects that which newly added medications could be contributing to the elevated blood glucose levels? a. Prednisone b. Ranitidine c. Cimetidine d. Ciprofloxacin

a. Prednisone

A patient who takes orlistat [Xenical] is experiencing increased defecation and oily evacuation. The nurse should instruct the patient to take which supplement? a. Psyllium [Metamucil] b. Iron c. Potassium d. Calcium

a. Psyllium [Metamucil]

A patient develops flushing, rash, and pruritus during an IV infusion of vancomycin [Vancocin]. Which action should a nurse take? a. Reduce the infusion rate. b. Administer diphenhydramine [Benadryl]. c. Change the IV tubing. d. Check the patency of the IV.

a. Reduce the infusion rate.

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving fluoxetine [Prozac] for depression. Which adverse effect is most likely associated with this drug? a. Sexual dysfunction b. Dry mouth c. Orthostatic hypotension d. Bradycardia

a. Sexual dysfunction

A nurse should teach a patient to observe for which side effects when taking ampicillin? a. Skin rash and loose stools b. Reddened tongue and gums c. Digit numbness and tingling d. Bruising and petechiae

a. Skin rash and loose stools

A nurse is preparing to give an oral dose of drug X to treat a patient's high blood pressure. After giving the drug, the nurse finds that it reduces the blood pressure without serious harmful effects, but it also causes the patient to have nausea and a headache. Based on this information, which property of an ideal drug is this drug lacking? A. Effectiveness B. Safety C. Selectivity D. Ease of administration

C. Selectivity

A patient is taking orlistat [Xenical] for weight loss. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of medication teaching? A."I may experience headache, dry mouth, and restlessness." B."I can expect to lose 5 to 10 lb per month." C."I will take a multivitamin 2 hours after breakfast" D."I will increase fat intake to prevent gas, bloating, and diarrhea."

C."I will take a multivitamin 2 hours after breakfast"

The nurse is caring for a patient with bipolar disorder (BPD) who is taking lithium [Lithobid]. Which abnormal laboratory value is most essential for the nurse to communicate to the healthcare provider because this patient is taking lithium? a. Sodium level of 128 mEq/L b. Prothrombin time of 8 seconds c. Blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL d. Potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L

a. Sodium level of 128 mEq/L

A patient is experiencing symptoms of the "fight-or-flight" response. Which autonomic process stimulates this response? a. Sympathetic system b. Predominant tone of the organs c. Baroreceptor reflex d. Parasympathetic system

a. Sympathetic system

Which manifestations should a nurse investigate first when monitoring a patient who is taking levothyroxine [Synthroid]? a. Tachycardia b. Tremors c. Insomnia d. Irritability

a. Tachycardia

The nurse is caring for a patient with epilepsy who is on anticonvulsant therapy and is also breast-feeding. Which patient teaching instruction should minimize the risk to the baby? a. "Give the dose just before breast-feeding." b. "Avoid drugs that have a long half-life." c. "Discontinue the drug until you have stopped breast-feeding." d. "Increase your fluid intake."

b. "Avoid drugs that have a long half-life."

The nurse has given medication instructions to a client receiving phenytoin. Which statement indicates that the client has an adequate understanding of the instructions? a. "Alcohol is not contraindicated while taking this medication." b. "Good oral hygiene is needed, including brushing and flossing." c. "The medication dose may be self-adjusted, depending on side effects." d. "The morning dose of the medication should be taken before a serum medication level is drawn."

b. "Good oral hygiene is needed, including brushing and flossing."

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has been prescribed metformin. Which client statement indicates the need for further teaching? a. "It is okay if I skip meals now and then." b. "I need to constantly watch for signs of low blood sugar." c. "I need to let my health care provider know if I get unusually tired." d. "I will be sure to not drink alcohol excessively while on this medication."

b. "I need to constantly watch for signs of low blood sugar."

The nurse is providing education to a client with type 2 diabetes about starting insulin glargine to help with improved glycemic control. Which statement made by the client indicates understanding? a. "It has a distinct peak." b. "It can be given intravenously." c. "It has a decreased risk for hypoglycemia." d. "I don't have to perform fingerstick glucose monitoring."

c. "It has a decreased risk for hypoglycemia."

A patient has an international normalized ratio [INR] that is elevated to an unsafe level. A nurse administers vitamin K, expecting which therapeutic result? a. Increase in red blood cell [RBC] b. Decrease in pulse pressure c. Decrease in bleeding tendency d. Increase in mental alertness

c. Decrease in bleeding tendency

The nurse plans to closely monitor for which clinical manifestation after administering Furosemide (Lasix)? a. Decreased pulse b. Decreased temperature c. Decreased blood pressure d. Decreased respiratory rate

c. Decreased blood pressure

The health care provider has prescribed regular insulin 6 units and NPH insulin 20 units subcutaneously to be administered every morning. How should the nurse prepare to administer insulin? a. Shake the NPH insulin vial to distribute the suspension. b. Administer regular insulin and NPH insulin in separate syringes. c. Draw up the regular insulin first and then the NPH insulin in the same syringe. d. Draw up the NPH insulin first and then the regular insulin in the same syringe

c. Draw up the regular insulin first and then the NPH insulin in the same syringe.

The nurse is planning care for a patient with signs of acute adrenal insufficiency. What is the priority nursing diagnosis? a. Altered comfort b. Altered nutrition c. Fluid volume deficit d. Activity intolerance

c. Fluid volume deficit

A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism is taking levothyroxine. The client returns to the clinic 1 week after beginning the medication and tells the nurse that the medication has not helped. What is the appropriate nursing response to the client? a. A higher dosage is required. b. The medication may need to be changed. c. Full therapeutic effect may take 1 to 3 weeks. d. Full therapeutic effect may take up to 4 months.

c. Full therapeutic effect may take 1 to 3 weeks.

A nurse is educating a patient about sildenafil [Viagra]. The nurse should instruct the patient that which adverse effect would be a priority for the patient to report to his prescriber? a. Flushing b. Diarrhea c. Hearing loss d. Dyspepsia

c. Hearing loss

A nurse is providing teaching regarding acarbose. The nurse should tell the client that which expected side or adverse effect(s) may occur with this medication? a. Tachycardia b. Hypoglycemia c. Tinnitus and decreased hearing d. Abdominal distention and diarrhea

d. Abdominal distention and diarrhea

Octreotide acetate is prescribed for a client with acromegaly. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which side or adverse effect is associated with the administration of this medication? a. Polyuria b. Hypotension c. Constipation d. Abdominal pain

d. Abdominal pain

Which statements about hydrocortisone are correct? a. It is a synthetic steroid identical to cortisol. b. It is a preferred drug for adrenocortical insufficiency. c. It has glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid actions. d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which action should a nurse take when preparing to administer vitamin D to a patient diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism? a. Assess deep tendon reflexes. b. Give the vitamin with 8 ounces of milk. c. Hold the vitamin and consult the prescriber. d. Determine whether the patient takes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

c. Hold the vitamin and consult the prescriber.

What is an adverse effect of the vasodilator, Minoxidil? a. Ototoxicity b. Edema of the hands and feet c. Hypertrichosis d.Renal Toxicity

c. Hypertrichosis

A nurse administers naloxone [Narcan] to a postoperative patient experiencing respiratory sedation. What undesirable effect would the nurse anticipate after giving this medication? a. Drowsiness b. Tics and tremors c. Increased pain d. Nausea and vomiting

c. Increased pain

The antiretroviral medication raltegravir [Isentress] achieves therapeutic effectiveness through which action when administered to a patient infected with HIV? a. It blocks the entry of HIV into CD4 T cells. b. It increases protease enzyme activity. c. It inhibits the enzyme integrase. d. It destroys reverse transcriptase.

c. It inhibits the enzyme integrase.

Which of the following is true regarding Aztreonam [Azactam]? a. It is a broad spectrum antibiotic b. It must be administer orally (PO) c. It is only effective against gram-negative aerobic bacteria d. It is a fifth generation cephalosporin

c. It is only effective against gram-negative aerobic bacteria

A patient who takes cromolyn for exercise-induced bronchospasm should follow which approach for maximum therapeutic effectiveness? a. It should be used infrequently because of systemic adverse effects. b. One 10-mg tablet should be taken at least 2 hours before exercising. c. It should be administered by inhalation 15 minutes before anticipated exertion. d. It should be used as a quick-relief agent if exercise triggers asthma symptoms.

c. It should be administered by inhalation 15 minutes before anticipated exertion.

Betaxolol hydrochloride eye drops have been prescribed for a client with glaucoma. Which nursing action is most appropriate related to monitoring for side and adverse effects of this medication? a. Assessing for edema b. Monitoring temperature c. Monitoring blood pressure d. Assessing blood glucose level

c. Monitoring blood pressure

A patient is taking fludrocortisone [Florinef]. A nurse should recognize that the patient is at risk for developing an electrolyte imbalance if the patient reports which symptom? a. Syncope b. Weight loss c. Muscle weakness d. Numbness and tingling

c. Muscle weakness

The nurse teaches a patient with allergic rhinitis that oral antihistamines are not effective in reducing which symptom? a. Nasal itching b. Runny nose c. Nasal congestion d. Sneezing

c. Nasal congestion

A client with cardiac disease has begun taking propranolol, and the nurse provides information to the client about the medication. The nurse should tell the client to contact the health care provider (HCP) if which symptoms develop? a. Insomnia and headache b. Nausea and constipation c. Night cough and dyspnea d. Drowsiness and nightmares

c. Night cough and dyspnea

A nurse monitors for which adverse cardiovascular effects in a male patient taking testosterone [Androderm]? (Select all that apply.) a. Postural hypotension b. Atrial fibrillation c. Pedal edema and weight gain d. Prolonged QT interval

c. Pedal edema and weight gain

Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to what? a. Soy products b. Peanuts c. Penicillins d. Opioids

c. Penicillins

What is the primary difference between the selective estrogen receptor modulators tamoxifen and raloxifene? a. Raloxifene does not protect against breast cancer. b. Raloxifene does not produce hot flashes. c. Raloxifene does not increase the risk for uterine cancer. d. Raloxifene does not increase the risk for thromboembolism.

c. Raloxifene does not increase the risk for uterine cancer.

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy receives lactulose. The nurse expects which therapeutic outcome if the medication is having the desired effect? a. Less ascitic fluid b. Normal serum sodium level c. Reduced ammonia level d. Release of glycogen stores

c. Reduced ammonia level

A patient who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is receiving trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [Bactrim]. Which response should a nurse expect if the medication is achieving the desired effect? a. Increase in CD4 T cells b. Increased appetite and weight gain c. Resolution of pneumonia d. Decrease in joint pain

c. Resolution of pneumonia

A client is taking the prescribed dose of phenytoin to control seizures. Results of a phenytoin blood level study reveal a level of 35 mcg/mL (140 mcmol/L). Which finding would be expected as a result of this laboratory result? a. Hypotension b. Tachycardia c. Slurred speech d. No abnormal finding

c. Slurred speech

A patient with hypertensive emergency is admitted to the hospital. Which medication should the nurse be prepared to administer to this patient? a. Minoxidil [Loniten] b. Hydralazine [Apresoline] c. Sodium nitroprusside [Nipride] d. Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate [BiDil]

c. Sodium nitroprusside [Nipride]

Why does the nurse monitor the patient closely when administering a drug with a low therapeutic index? a. The average lethal dose of the drug is much higher than the therapeutic dose. b. The dose required to produce a therapeutic response in 50% of patients is low. c. The highest dose needed to produce a therapeutic effect is close to the lethal dose. d. There is a low variability of responses to this drug.

c. The highest dose needed to produce a therapeutic effect is close to the lethal dose.

The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. Which medication(s) will the nurse expect to be prescribed to hasten recovery from the exacerbation? a. Carbamazepine and phenytoin by mouth b. Lioresal by mouth and diazepam intravenously c. Phenytoin intravenously, then tapered to oral route d. Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide intravenously

d. Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide intravenously

A patient is to begin taking nitrofurantoin [Macrodantin]. The nurse should teach the patient that which manifestation should be the priority to report to the healthcare provider? a. Headache and drowsiness b. Brown-colored urine c. Nausea and vomiting d. Muscle weakness and tingling

d. Muscle weakness and tingling

When assessing a patient who takes finasteride [Proscar], a nurse should monitor for which adverse effect? a. Hair loss b. Increased libido c. Ejaculatory dysfunction d. Muscle weakness

c. Ejaculatory dysfunction

The nurse identifies which of the following laxatives as having the added response of ridding the body of ammonia? A.Polyethylene glycol B.Lactulose C.Lubiprostone D.Mineral oil

B.Lactulose

The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperkalemia. Which assessment is priority? a. Lung b. Kidney c. Cardiac d. Abdomen

c. Cardiac

The nurse cares for a patient with myasthenia gravis. Before administering pyridostigmine [Mestinon], it is most important for the nurse to take which action? A.Assess the patient's ability to swallow a sip of water. B.Cleanse the patient's skin before applying the transdermal patch. C.Ask whether the patient has an allergy to aspirin. D.Give the patient food or milk to prevent stomach upset.

A.Assess the patient's ability to swallow a sip of water.

A patient is experiencing chemotherapy-induced nausea. Which prescribed medication would be most effective for this patient? A.Ondansetron [Zofran] B.Prochlorperazine [Compazine] C.Dexamethasone [Decadron] D.Promethazine [Phenergan]

A.Ondansetron [Zofran]

A patient asks a nurse, "Why should I switch to fexofenadine [Allegra] for my allergies when I've taken diphenhydramine [Benadryl] for so long?" Which response should the nurse make? A. "You'll have much less risk of cardiac problems." B. "There is not nearly as much drowsiness and sedation." C. "The biggest benefit is that the cost is so much lower." D. "The dosing is more convenient, because you take it once a week."

B. "There is not nearly as much drowsiness and sedation."

The nurse administers 100 mg of drug X by mouth. After the drug moves through the hepatic system, very little active drug is left in the general circulation as a result of what? A. Therapeutic range B. First-pass effect C. Biologic half-life D. Plasma protein binding

B. First-pass effect

The nurse is preparing to give a medication for pain. The label states that the drug is "lipid soluble." Based on the nurse's knowledge of lipid-soluble drugs, how quickly would the nurse expect to observe the effects of the drug? A. Slowly B. Rapidly C. Unpredictably D. Variably

B. Rapidly

The nurse is teaching a patient about the use of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) to treat influenza. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates teaching has been effective? A. Taking this medication is the only thing I can do to treat my flu symptoms B. This medication is only effective if taken within 48 hours of symptom onset C. Tamiflu can be used as an alternative to the influenza vaccination D. This medication is only effective for the pediatric population

B. This medication is only effective if taken within 48 hours of symptom onset

When planning interventions for pain control in a patient with gouty arthritis, the nurse should assess for pain in which joints? a. Hands b. Feet c. Shoulders d. Neck

b. feet

A client received 20 units of Humulin N insulin subcutaneously at 08:00. At what time should the nurse plan to assess the client for a hypoglycemic reaction? a. 10:00 b. 11:00 c. 17:00 d. 24:00

????? apparently C based off the internet

The nurse prepares to give a drug that will prevent receptor activation. Which term would describe this drug? A. Antagonist B. Selective C. Agonist D. Potent

A. Antagonist

A patient asks the nurse why a vitamin with folic acid is needed during pregnancy. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A."Folic acid prevents a birth defect called spina bifida." B."You should talk to your healthcare provider." C."Vitamins with folic acid prevent sprue during pregnancy." D."Without folic acid, the fetus may develop cerebral palsy."

A."Folic acid prevents a birth defect called spina bifida."

A patient with angina pectoris is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin. Which statement made by the patient indicates understanding of the medication teaching? A."I may experience a headache as a side effect." B."The chest pain should be relieved within 20 minutes." C."I should swallow the tablet and drink a glass of water." D."I should take this medication in the morning before breakfast."

A."I may experience a headache as a side effect."

A child is prescribed iron replacement therapy. The nurse is teaching a parent about prevention of accidental iron poisoning in children. The nurse should intervene if the parent makes which statement? A."There is not an antidote for an iron overdose." B."Iron should be kept in childproof containers." C."Early signs of iron poisoning include nausea and vomiting." D."Iron is most often the cause of poisoning death in children."

A."There is not an antidote for an iron overdose."

A patient is receiving an intravenous infusion of heparin to treat a pulmonary embolism. What laboratory value will the nurse monitor to evaluate treatment with this medication? A.Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) B.Prothrombin time (PT) C.Platelet count D.Hemoglobin and hematocrit

A.Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

A patient with which condition would most likely be prescribed a glucocorticoid in low doses for replacement therapy? A.Addison's disease B.Rheumatoid arthritis C.Systemic lupus erythematosus D.Cushing's syndrome

A.Addison's disease

A nurse administers quinidine sulfate to a patient with atrial fibrillation. The nurse should assess the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing knowing that quinidine sulfate has what effect on the ECG? A.Prolongation of the QT interval B.Prolongation of the PR interval C.Narrowing of the QRS complex D.Tall, peaked T waves

A.Prolongation of the QT interval

A patient is prescribed NPH insulin. Which statement should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? A.The insulin will have a cloudy appearance in the vial. B.The onset of action is rapid. C.The patient should not mix Lantus with short-acting insulin. D.The patient will have no risk of allergic reactions with this insulin.

A.The insulin will have a cloudy appearance in the vial.

N-acetyl-para-aminophenol is an example of which type of drug name? A) Proprietary B) Chemical C) Generic D) Trade

B) Chemical

The nurse instructs a patient about taking levothyroxine. Which statement by the patient indicates the teaching has been effective? A."To prevent an upset stomach, I will take the drug with food." B."If I have chest pain or insomnia, I should call my doctor." C."This medication can be taken with an antacid." D."The drug should be taken before I go to bed at night."

B."If I have chest pain or insomnia, I should call my doctor."

The nurse teaches a patient about eszopiclone [Lunesta]. Which statement by the patient indicates that the teaching has been effective? A."I should take the drug 1 hour before bedtime." B."The drug may leave a bitter taste in my mouth." C."I may experience amnesia with prolonged use." D."My body may build up a tolerance to this drug."

B."The drug may leave a bitter taste in my mouth."

A patient with Cushing's syndrome is prescribed an antibiotic, ketoconazole 600 mg/day, before an adrenalectomy. The patient asks the nurse why an antibiotic is needed. Which response by the nurse is best? A."The medication will prevent an abdominal infection after surgery." B."The medication will block the adrenal gland from producing steroids." C."You have a urinary tract infection that must be treated before surgery." D."It is essential to prevent skin infection in patients undergoing surgery."

B."The medication will block the adrenal gland from producing steroids."

A patient with hemophilia reports mild joint pain. Which over-the-counter medication should the nurse recommend to this patient? A.Ibuprofen [Motrin] B.Acetaminophen [Tylenol] C.Enteric-coated aspirin D.Ginkgo biloba

B.Acetaminophen [Tylenol]

A patient who takes oxybutynin [Ditropan] for an overactive bladder takes an over-the-counter antihistamine for hay fever symptoms. What symptoms should the nurse watch for that would indicate toxicity? A.Cool and moist skin, confusion, and bradycardia B.Dry mouth, increased temperature, and blurred vision C.Hallucinations, increased salivation, and diaphoresis D.Hypothermia, increased respiratory rate, and pupil constriction

B.Dry mouth, increased temperature, and blurred vision

After an intramuscular injection of penicillin, a patient develops severe difficulty breathing and a swollen tongue. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer? A.Dopamine [Inotropin] B.Epinephrine [Adrenalin] C.Norepinephrine [Levophed] D.Pseudoephedrine [Sudafed]

B.Epinephrine [Adrenalin]

A patient plans to stop taking prescribed clonidine to treat hypertension because of the side effect of dry mouth. Which action by the nurse is best? A.Tell the patient that dry mouth is not caused by clonidine. B.Give the patient hard candy or gum to relieve the symptom. C.Instruct the patient to stop taking the medication immediately. D.Advise the patient to take a reduced dose of the medication.

B.Give the patient hard candy or gum to relieve the symptom.

A patient receives a dose of epoetin alfa [Epogen] 3 times a week. What laboratory value will the nurse monitor to determine the therapeutic benefit of this medication? A.White blood cell count B.Hemoglobin C.Serum potassium D.Platelet count

B.Hemoglobin

The nurse administers a medication to a patient that stimulates the function of the parasympathetic nervous system. The nurse should assess the patient for which intended effect? A.Reduced esophageal motility B.Improved bladder emptying C.Dilation of the pupils D.Decreased gastric secretions

B.Improved bladder emptying

A patient is prescribed metformin. Which statement about metformin does the nurse identify as true? A.Metformin increases absorption of vitamin B12. B.Metformin can delay the development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals. C.Metformin causes patients to gain weight. D.Metformin use predisposes patients to alkalosis.

B.Metformin can delay the development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals.

A patient is receiving a drug that blocks alpha1-adrenergic receptors. Which adverse effect, if experienced by the patient, is of most concern to the nurse? A.Nasal congestion B.Orthostatic hypotension C.Inhibition of ejaculation D.Reflex tachycardia

B.Orthostatic hypotension

A 22-year-old female patient is prescribed isotretinoin for severe acne vulgaris. What statement will the nurse include in patient teaching? A.Vitamin A supplements can be used with this medication. B.Pregnancy must be avoided while taking this medication. C.Oral contraceptives must not be used with this medication. D.The most common adverse effect of this medication is depression.

B.Pregnancy must be avoided while taking this medication.

A patient is prescribed lovastatin [Mevacor]. The nurse will teach the patient to take the medication at which time? A.With any meal B.With the evening meal C.1 hour before breakfast D.2 hours after a meal

B.With the evening meal

A patient with cancer is receiving morphine for pain control. The patient calls the nurse to report that the morphine is no longer controlling his pain. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. "Increasing the dose of morphine will make you so sleepy that you will not be able to function." B. "This means that you have developed a psychological addiction to morphine." C. "You have developed a tolerance to morphine and will need a higher dose." D. "It is recommended that we wait to increase the morphine until the pain is more severe."

C. "You have developed a tolerance to morphine and will need a higher dose."

A client has been started on long-term therapy with rifampin. The nurse should provide which information to the client about the medication? A. Should always be taken with food or antacids B. Should be double-dosed if 1 dose is forgotten C. Causes orange discoloration of sweat, tears, urine, and feces D. May be discontinued independently if symptoms are gone in 3 months

C. Causes orange discoloration of sweat, tears, urine, and feces

The caregiver of a patient with hemophilia is learning how to administer clotting factor VIII at home. Which statement, made by the caregiver, indicates understanding of the instructions? A."I will inject the solution into the fatty tissue of the abdomen." B."An aspirin should be taken first to prevent clotting." C."I will watch for hives, difficulty breathing, and facial swelling." D."I will give the clotting factors once or twice a month."

C."I will watch for hives, difficulty breathing, and facial swelling."

A patient with depression has been prescribed fluoxetine [Prozac]. Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the medication teaching? A."Disorientation and hallucinations are common." B."The drug may enhance my interest in sex." C."It may take 3 to 4 weeks before my mood is elevated." D."I can stop this medication when I feel less depressed."

C."It may take 3 to 4 weeks before my mood is elevated."

The nurse identifies which patient as being at the highest risk for slow drug metabolism? A.A 2-year-old boy who is prescribed an oral antibiotic. B.A 14-year-old girl who takes four prescription drugs. C.A 56-year-old man who has chronic hepatic disease. D.A 76-year-old woman who has an elevated temperature.

C.A 56-year-old man who has chronic hepatic disease.

A patient with irritable bowel syndrome is prescribed alosetron [Lotronex]. Before this drug is administered, it is most important for the nurse to do what? A.Assess for abdominal bruits. B.Check serum potassium and sodium levels. C.Ask the patient about any problems with constipation. D.Mix the powder in 8 ounces of fruit juice.

C.Ask the patient about any problems with constipation.

An older patient with skin cancer and hypertension is prescribed levodopa/carbidopa [Sinemet] to treat Parkinson disease. Which action by the nurse is best? A.Give the medication if the patient's blood pressure is normal. B.Administer the medication as prescribed. C.Ask the patient about the type of skin cancer. D.Hold the medication if the patient is more than 65 years old.

C.Ask the patient about the type of skin cancer.

A patient has been diagnosed with a STEMI. Which medications does the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? A.Beta blocker, angiotensin II receptor blocker, and oxygen B.Aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and diuretics C.Aspirin, beta blocker, oxygen, morphine, and nitroglycerin D.Heparin, nitroprusside, morphine, and calcium channel blocker

C.Aspirin, beta blocker, oxygen, morphine, and nitroglycerin

A patient has used a topical glucocorticoid preparation daily for several years. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for which adverse effect of long-term topical glucocorticoid therapy? A.Shedding of dry scales B.Open and closed comedones C.Atrophy of dermal and epidermal layers D.Cancerous lesions

C.Atrophy of dermal and epidermal layers

The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common type of laxative abused by the general public? • A.Magnesium hydroxide [Milk of Magnesia] B.Docusate sodium [Colace] C.Bisacodyl [Dulcolax] D.Polyethylene glycol [MiraLax]

C.Bisacodyl [Dulcolax]

The nurse cares for a patient who is receiving lithium. Which medication, if prescribed by the healthcare provider, should the nurse question? A.Levothyroxine [Synthroid] B.Sulindac [Clinoril] C.Furosemide [Lasix] D.Propranolol [Inderal]

C.Furosemide [Lasix]

Which patient does the nurse identify as most likely needing an increased dose of warfarin [Coumadin] to have the same anticoagulant effect? A.Patient taking acetaminophen [Tylenol] for back pain B.Patient taking cimetidine [Tagamet] to prevent gastric ulcers C.Patient taking oral contraceptives to prevent pregnancy D.Patient taking prednisone [Deltasone] for rheumatoid arthritis

C.Patient taking oral contraceptives to prevent pregnancy

A patient who is diagnosed with BPD is prescribed lithium. To monitor for lithium toxicity, the nurse should observe the patient for which signs and symptoms? A.Insomnia, increased appetite, and abdominal distention B.Dry cough, hyperactive reflexes, and hypertension C.Polydipsia, slurred speech, and fine hand tremors D.Constipation, asterixis, and generalized edema

C.Polydipsia, slurred speech, and fine hand tremors

A patient is prescribed a medication that lowers the arterial blood pressure. The nurse should assess for which response by the body to restore the blood pressure? A.Orthostatic hypotension B.Fluid retention C.Reflex tachycardia D.Increased natriuresis

C.Reflex tachycardia

The nurse is caring for a patient with migraine headaches. Which assessment best indicates that sumatriptan [Imitrex] is exerting the desired therapeutic effect? A.The patient experiences decreased frequency of migraine headaches. B.The patient does not experience any more migraine headaches. C.The patient reports the termination of the migraine headache after the drug is administered. D.The patient experiences decreased nausea associated with the migraine headache.

C.The patient reports the termination of the migraine headache after the drug is administered.

Which manifestations does the nurse associate with tardive dyskinesia? A.Pacing and squirming, with an uncontrollable need for motion B.Mask-like face with drooling, tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait C.Twisting, worm-like movements of the tongue and face D.Sudden high fever, sweating, and blood pressure fluctuations

C.Twisting, worm-like movements of the tongue and face

A patient with BPD is prescribed lithium. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates the need for further teaching? A."I can take the medication with milk or a snack." B."I will call my doctor if I feel hyperactive." C."I should drink at least 8 to 10 glasses of water every day." D."I will reduce my salt intake while taking this medication."

D."I will reduce my salt intake while taking this medication."

Which patient would the nurse expect to have the highest risk for postural hypotension? A.A patient who is prescribed a drug that acts primarily on the arterioles B.A patient who is prescribed a drug that blocks the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system C.A patient who is prescribed a drug that triggers the baroreceptor reflex D.A patient who is prescribed a drug that promotes venous vasodilation

D. A patient who is prescribed a drug that promotes venous vasodilation

You have received an order to administer Amphotericin B to patient X. Which other medication orders for the same patient would you question? A. Tylenol B. Aminoglycosides C. Metoprolol D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which adverse effect can result if tetracycline is administered to children younger than 8 years of age? A. Drug-induced neurotoxicity B. Delayed growth development C. Gastrointestinal (GI) and rectal bleeding D. Permanent discoloration of the teeth

D. Permanent discoloration of the teeth

A woman who had been taking an antibiotic for a UTI calls the nurse practitioner to complain of severe vaginal itching. she also had noticed a thick, white vaginal discharge. the nurse practitioner suspects that A. this is an expected response to antibiotic therapy B. the UTI has become worse instead of better C. a superinfection has developed D. the UTI is resistant to the antibiotic

D. the UTI is resistant to the antibiotic

The nurse teaches a patient about bupropion [Wellbutrin]. Which statement by the patient indicates that more teaching is indicated? A."I can take the drug with food to reduce nausea." B."This drug will increase my interest in sex." C."I may experience decreased appetite and weight loss." D."I had a serious head injury 3 years ago."

D."I had a serious head injury 3 years ago."

A patient in the emergency department is diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The patient has been prescribed 325 mg of aspirin. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A.Administer the medication to the patient if a headache develops. B.Administer the medication with a full glass of water. C.Instruct the patient to let the tablet dissolve under the tongue. D.Tell the patient to chew the tablet thoroughly.

D.Tell the patient to chew the tablet thoroughly.

Which statement should the nurse include when teaching a patient about sunscreens? A.The relationship between SPF and protection against sunburn is linear. B.PABA-containing products are safe for people allergic to thiazides. C.Sunscreens can claim to be waterproof or sweatproof. D.The intensity of UVB radiation is greatest between the hours of 10:00 am and 4:00 pm.

D.The intensity of UVB radiation is greatest between the hours of 10:00 am and 4:00 pm.

A patient is prescribed insulin glargine [Lantus]. Which statement should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? A.The insulin will have a cloudy appearance in the vial. B.The insulin should be injected twice daily (before breakfast and dinner). C.The patient should mix Lantus with the intermediate-acting insulin. D.The patient will have less risk of hypoglycemic reactions with this insulin.

D.The patient will have less risk of hypoglycemic reactions with this insulin.

A patient is prescribed cimetidine [Tagamet®] and aluminum hydroxide [Maalox®] for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. What should the nurse teach the patient to do? A.Drink an 8-ounce glass of water when taking these medications. B.Take the medications together to enhance their effectiveness. C.Take the Tagamet 2 hours before the Maalox. D.Wait at least 1 hour between administration of the two medications.

D.Wait at least 1 hour between administration of the two medications.

A patient tells the nurse that he would like to start taking orlistat [Xenical]. It is most important for the nurse to obtain the patient's current medication list to determine if the patient is also prescribed which drug? A.Digoxin B.Furosemide [Lasix] C.NPH insulin D.Warfarin [Coumadin]

D.Warfarin [Coumadin]

T or F. first-ass effect means most of the drug is activated by the liver, so it must be administered orally.

False

Which statement should the nurse include when teaching a patient about rifampin [Rifadin]? a. "A harmless side effect will be a red-orange discoloration of body fluids." b. "Oral contraception is the preferred method of birth control when using rifampin." c. "Take vitamin B6 to relieve numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes." d. "Treatment length for the medication is 3 times/day for an 8-week period."

a. "A harmless side effect will be a red-orange discoloration of body fluids."

The nurse determines that the client needs further instruction about prescribed thyroid replacement medication if which statement is made? a. "I should expect full therapeutic effect from the medication within 3 to 5 days." b. "I should take my medication in the morning about 1 hour before eating breakfast." c. "I need to make sure that I store the medication in the dark container I received it in." d. "I should check with my health care provider before taking any over-the-counter medications."

a. "I should expect full therapeutic effect from the medication within 3 to 5 days."

Which statement is most appropriate for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching plan for a 30-year-old woman beginning a new prescription of clonidine [Catapres]? a. "If you stop taking this drug abruptly, your blood pressure might go up very high." b. "You will need to have your blood drawn regularly to check for anemia." c. "Take this medication first thing in the morning to reduce nighttime wakefulness." d. "This medication often is used to manage hypertension during pregnancy."

a. "If you stop taking this drug abruptly, your blood pressure might go up very high."

A teaching plan for a patient who is taking lispro [Humalog] should include which instruction by the nurse? a. "Inject this insulin with your first bite of food, because it is very fast acting." b. "The duration of action for this insulin is about 8 to 10 hours, so you'll need a snack." c. "This insulin needs to be mixed with regular insulin to enhance the effects." d. "To achieve tight glycemic control, this is the only type of insulin you'll need."

a. "Inject this insulin with your first bite of food, because it is very fast acting."

The nurse is teaching a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who is scheduled to start a treatment regimen that includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and glucocorticoids. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. "It will take at least 3 to 5 months for the DMARD to produce effects." b. "In large doses, the NSAIDs will stop most of the disease process." c. "Remission is achieved quickly, and usually the medications can be stopped." d. "The glucocorticoid will need to be taken for at least 2 years."

a. "It will take at least 3 to 5 months for the DMARD to produce effects."

A patient is scheduled to take 10 units of Humulin N at 1100. When is the patient most susceptible for hypoglycemia? a. 1900 b. 1300 c. 1130 d. 1500

a. 1900

Order: Ampicillin 1 gram PO every 6 hours. Supply: Ampicillin 250 mg/capsules How many capsules/dose? a. 4 capsules b. 0.25 capsules c. 5 capsules d. 1 capsule

a. 4 capsules

Which statements about the anticholinergic drug scopolamine are true? (Select all that apply.) a. A side effect is sedation. b. It is used for motion sickness. c. A side effect is nausea and vomiting. d. It is used for preanesthetic sedation. e. It causes CNS excitation.

a. A side effect is sedation. b. It is used for motion sickness d. It is used for preanesthetic sedation.

A client with hyperthyroidism has been given methimazole. Which nursing considerations are associated with this medication? Select all that apply. a. Administer methimazole with food. b. Place the client on a low-calorie, low-protein diet. c. Assess the client for unexplained bruising or bleeding. d. Instruct the client to report side and adverse effects such as sore throat, fever, or headaches. e. Use special radioactive precautions when handling the client's urine for the first 24 hours following initial administration.

a. Administer methimazole with food. c. Assess the client for unexplained bruising or bleeding. d. Instruct the client to report side and adverse effects such as sore throat, fever, or headaches.

A nurse teaches a patient who takes an MAOI about important dietary restrictions. Which foods will the nurse caution the patient to avoid? a. Aged cheese and sherry b. Grapefruit and other citrus juices c. Coffee, colas, and tea d. Potato and corn chips

a. Aged cheese and sherry

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient who has Addison's disease and is taking hydrocortisone [Cortef]. Which of these outcomes should receive priority in the plan? a. At times of stress, the patient increases the glucocorticoid dose. b. The patient wears a Medic Alert bracelet at all times. c. The patient carries an injectable form and an oral form of glucocorticoid. d. The patient divides the daily dose, taking two-thirds of it in the morning and one-third in the afternoon.

a. At times of stress, the patient increases the glucocorticoid dose.

What are the primary regulatory systems of arterial pressure? (Select all that apply.) a. Autonomic nervous system b. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system c. Renal system d. Pulmonary system e. P450 enzyme system

a. Autonomic nervous system b. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system c. Renal system

Which medication is indicated for suppression of cough? a. Benzonate [Tessalon] b. Guaifenesin [Mucinex] c. Acetylcysteine [Mucomyst] d. Fluticasone furoate [Veramyst]

a. Benzonate [Tessalon]

A patient is taking Nifedipine and develops reflex tachycardia. Which medication should you expect the provider to prescribe? a. Beta blockers b. Antihistamines c. Diuretics d.NSAIDs

a. Beta blockers

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. Laboratory studies are performed and the serum calcium level is 12.0 mg/dL (3 mmol/L). Which medication should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for the client? a. Calcitonin b. Calcium chloride c. Calcium gluconate d. Large doses of vitamin D

a. Calcitonin

A client has begun using a methylxanthine bronchodilator. What beverage should the nurse plan to teach the client to avoid while taking this medication? a. Coffee b. Orange juice c. Mineral water d. Cranberry juice

a. Coffee

A client is receiving phenobarbital sodium. Which finding on the nursing assessment would indicate that the client is experiencing a common side or adverse effect of this medication? a. Drowsiness d. Hypocalcemia c. Blurred vision d. Seizure activity

a. Drowsiness

The nurse is teaching a client with hyperthyroidism about the prescribed medication, propylthiouracil. The nurse determines that teaching has been successful if the client states to report which symptom to the health care provider (HCP)? a. Fever b. Fatigue c. Excitability d. Nervousness

a. Fever

A nurse teaches a patient who takes daily low-dose aspirin for protection against myocardial infarction and stroke to avoid also taking which medication? a. Ibuprofen [Motrin] b. Zolpidem [Ambien] c. Loratadine [Claritin] d. Diphenhydramine [Benadryl]

a. Ibuprofen [Motrin]

The nurse is preparing to give a drug to stimulate activation of adrenergic receptors. Which effects indicate sympathetic stimulation? a. Increase in heart rate b. Constriction of pupils c. Atrioventricular block d. Sinus bradycardia

a. Increase in heart rate

The nurse is monitoring a client receiving levothyroxine sodium for hypothyroidism. Which findings indicate the presence of a side effect associated with this medication? Select all that apply. a. Insomnia b. Weight loss c. Bradycardia d. Constipation e. Mild heat intolerance

a. Insomnia b. Weight loss e. Mild heat intolerance

A client experiencing spasticity as a result of spinal cord injury has a new prescription for dantrolene. Before administering the first dose, the nurse checks to see if which baseline study has been done before? a. Liver Function studies b. Renal function studies c. Otoscopic examination d. Blood glucose measurements

a. Liver Function studies

A client experiencing spasticity as a result of spinal cord injury has a new prescription for dantrolene. Before administering the first dose, the nurse checks to see if which baseline study has been done? a. Liver function studies b. Renal function studies c. Otoscopic examination d. Blood glucose measurements

a. Liver function studies

Which product did the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ban in the United States because of the serious adverse effects of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death? a. Ma huang (Ephedra) b. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) c. St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) d. Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens)

a. Ma huang (Ephedra)

The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient experiencing a new episode of hypertension. Which medication does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for this patient? a. Methyldopa [Aldomet] b. Propranolol [Inderal] c. Captopril [Capoten] d. Valsartan [Diovan]

a. Methyldopa [Aldomet]

A nurse gives a medication that inhibits acetylcholinesterase. How would this drug affect autonomic activity? a. Parasympathetic activity would increase. b. Parasympathetic signals would be depressed. c. Sympathetic activity would increase. d. Respiratory centers would be depressed.

a. Parasympathetic activity would increase

The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of the drug oprelvekin [Neumega] in a patient undergoing cancer chemotherapy. Which finding is most indicative that this drug is having its intended effect? a. Platelet count of 150 × 103/mm3 b. Hemoglobin level of 13.2 g/dL c. White blood cell count of 5500/mm3 d. Total lymphocyte count of 1000/mm3

a. Platelet count of 150 × 103/mm3

Which skeletal muscle relaxant is also the drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia? a. Baclofen [Lioresal] b. Dantrolene [Dantrium] c. Diazepam [Valium] d. Tizanidine [Zanaflex]

b. Dantrolene [Dantrium]

After completing a course of ciprofloxacin [Cipro] for a skin infection, the patient says, "I took the whole bottle of pills, but my infection hasn't gotten any better." Which additional information should the nurse recognize as most significant? a. The patient takes antacids on a daily basis. b. The medication was stored in a cool, dry area. c. The patient did not use sunscreen while taking the ciprofloxacin [Cipro]. d. The patient took two doses of diphenhydramine [Benadryl] while on ciprofloxacin [Cipro] therapy.

a. The patient takes antacids on a daily basis.

Which of the following are correct recommendations about hormone replacement therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. There are benefits to using HRT short term to reduce vasomotor symptoms. b. Postmenopausal women should avoid smoking, exercise regularly, and control hypertension. c. Estrogen/progestin therapy (EPT) is preferred as the primary treatment to prevent loss of bone mass. d. Estrogen and progesterone should be used only to prevent cardiovascular events. e. Treatment with HRT for longer than 5 years increases the risk for pulmonary embolus and stroke.

a. There are benefits to using HRT short term to reduce vasomotor symptoms. b. Postmenopausal women should avoid smoking, exercise regularly, and control hypertension. d. Estrogen and progesterone should be used only to prevent cardiovascular events.

The client with an ovarian cancer is receiving Tamoxifen (Nolvadex). Which of the following indicates a serious adverse effect of this medication? a. Thromboembolism b. Osteoporosis c. Seizures d.Hypokalemia

a. Thromboembolism

When evaluating the effects of probenecid, the nurse should monitor which laboratory result? a. Uric acid level b. Sodium level c. Hemoglobin d. Blood pH

a. Uric acid level

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving atropine. Which is a therapeutic indication for giving this drug? a. Use as a preanesthesia medication b. Treatment of tachycardias c. Prevention of urinary retention d. Reduction of intraocular pressure in glaucoma

a. Use as a preanesthesia medication

The nurse is preparing to administer eye drops. Which interventions should the nurse take to administer the drops? Select all that apply. a. Wash hands. b. Put gloves on. c. Place the drop in the conjunctival sac. d. Pull the lower lid down against the cheekbone. e. Instruct the client to squeeze the eyes shut after instilling the eye drop. f. Instruct the client to tilt the head forward, open the eyes, and look down.

a. Wash hands. b. Put gloves on. c. Place the drop in the conjunctival sac. d. Pull the lower lid down against the cheekbone.

The nurse is teaching a client how to mix regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe. Which action, if performed by the client, indicates the need for further teaching? a. Withdraws the NPH insulin first b. Withdraws the regular insulin first c. Injects air into NPH insulin vial first d. Injects an amount of air equal to the desired dose of insulin into each vial

a. Withdraws the NPH insulin first

What is the drug of choice for preventing mother to infant transmission of HIV? a. Zidovudine (ZDV) [Retrovir] b. Raltegravir [Isentress] c. Enfuvirtide [Fuzeon] d. Maraviroc [Selzentry]

a. Zidovudine (ZDV) [Retrovir]

Which statement by the patient taking fexofenadine would require further teaching? a. "This medication will help with my seasonal allergies." b. "I will take this medication in the morning with my juice and breakfast." c. "I know that I don't have to be as concerned about sleepiness with this medication as I used to be with other allergy medications." d. "I will take this medication as directed on the package, and as needed."

b. "I will take this medication in the morning with my juice and breakfast."

Which statement by the patient taking fexofenadine would require further teaching? a."This medication will help with my seasonal allergies." b. "I will take this medication in the morning with my juice and breakfast." c. "I know that I don't have to be as concerned about sleepiness with this medication as I used to be with other allergy medications." d. "I will take this medication as directed on the package, and as needed."

b. "I will take this medication in the morning with my juice and breakfast."

A client is seen in the clinic for complaints of thirst, frequent urination, and headaches. After diagnostic studies, diabetes insipidus is diagnosed. Desmopressin is prescribed. The client asks why this medication was prescribed. Which is a correct statement by the nurse? a. "It relieves the headaches." b. "It increases water reabsorption." c. "It stimulates the production of aldosterone." d. "It decreases the production of the antidiuretic hormone."

b. "It increases water reabsorption."

Which statement by a patient indicates understanding of a nurse's teaching about fluticasone nasal spray [Flonase]? a. "I'll gradually stop taking this so I don't have any problems with withdrawal." b. "This drug will help prevent the inflammation and irritation from my allergies." c. "I'll have to be more careful about not falling, because my bones may break more easily." d. "I realize that I only need to take this when my symptoms are really bad."

b. "This drug will help prevent the inflammation and irritation from my allergies."

Which instruction should a nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient who is to start taking tetracycline? a. "You may stop taking the pills when you begin to feel better." b. "Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors." c. "You'll have to come back to the clinic for a weekly blood work." d. "Take the medication with yogurt or milk so you won't have nausea."

b. "Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors."

A nurse is administering a daily dose of tobramycin at 1000. At which time should the nurse obtain the patient's blood sample to determine the trough level? a. 8:00 AM b. 9:00 AM c. 11:30 AM d. 12:00 PM

b. 9:00 AM

The nurse is caring for a group of patients who are all receiving anticholinergic drugs. In which patient is an anticholinergic drug contraindicated? a. A 60-year-old woman with an overactive bladder (OAB) b. A 72-year-old man with glaucoma c. A 45-year-old woman with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) d. A 26-year-old man being prepared for surgery today

b. A 72-year-old man with glaucoma

About which patient should the nurse notify the healthcare provider immediately? a. A patient who takes digoxin [Lanoxin] 0.125 mg orally daily with a serum digoxin level of 0.8 ng/mL b. A patient who takes oral spironolactone [Aldactone] 25 mg daily and enalapril [Vasotec] 5 mg daily with a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L c. A patient who takes digoxin [Lanoxin] 0.25 mg orally daily with a serum potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L d. A patient who takes oral lisinopril [Zestril] 5 mg daily and digoxin 0.125 mg daily with a serum digoxin level of 0.5 ng/mL

b. A patient who takes oral spironolactone [Aldactone] 25 mg daily and enalapril [Vasotec] 5 mg daily with a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L

A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 1000 units/hour. The nurse determines that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect based on which results? a. Prothrombin time of 12.5 seconds b. Activated partial thromboplastin time of 60 seconds c. Activated partial thromboplastin time of 28 seconds d. Activated partial thromboplastin time longer than 120 seconds

b. Activated partial thromboplastin time of 60 seconds

A client in the hospital emergency department who received nitroglycerin for chest pain has obtained relief but now complains of a headache. The nurse should interpret that this client is most likely experiencing which condition? a. An allergic reaction to nitroglycerin b. An expected medication side effect c. An early sign of tolerance to the medication d. A warning that the medication should not be used again

b. An expected medication side effect

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in maintaining blood pressure. Which compound in this system is most powerful at raising the blood pressure? a. Angiotensin I b. Angiotensin II c. Angiotensin III d. Renin

b. Angiotensin II

Before administering intravenous (IV) penicillin, the nurse should do what? a. Flush the IV site with normal saline. b. Assess the patient for allergies. c. Review the patient's intake and output record. d. Determine the latest creatinine clearance result.

b. Assess the patient for allergies.

The nurse is preparing to administer an antihypertensive drug (drug that lower BP). The nurse assesses the patient's BP at 110/70. What action should the nurse take at this time? a. Administer the medication because the antihypertensive medication is prescribed. b. Assess the patient's baseline blood pressure and the blood pressure before and after the last dose of this medication to determine if the medication should be administered. c. Call the prescriber, report the current BP, and ask if the medication should be administered. d. Withhold the medication because the patient's BP is too low to administer and antihypertensive drug.

b. Assess the patient's baseline blood pressure and the blood pressure before and after the last dose of this medication to determine if the medication should be administered.

The nurse prepares to administer the antidote to a patient in cholinergic crisis. Which medication does the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider to order? a. Neostigmine [Prostigmin] b. Atropine c. Pralidoxime [DuoDote] d. Dobutamine [Dobutrex]

b. Atropine

Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient being started on levodopa/carbidopa [Sinemet] for newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease? a. Take the medication on a full stomach. b. Change positions slowly c. The drug may cause the urine to be very dilute. d. Carbidopa has many adverse effects.

b. Change positions slowly

1. A patient is prescribed amoxicillin and tetracycline to treat peptic ulcer disease. The nurse will instruct the patient that these medications will do what? a. Prevent GI infections that cause gastric bleeding. b. Destroy the bacteria in the stomach that are causing ulceration. c. Reduce gastric acid production and alkalize the stomach fluids. d. Reduce the secretion of pepsin in the stomach.

b. Destroy the bacteria in the stomach that are causing ulceration.

The nurse is preparing to give a drug that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system. Which patient response is an expected outcome of this drug? a. Wheezing decreases due to bronchodilation. b. Heart rate decreases to 60 beats/min. c. Diarrhea stool count decreases. d. Oxygenation improves because of bronchodilation.

b. Heart rate decreases to 60 beats/min

A nurse caring for a patient who is taking the prostaglandin analog latanoprost [Xalatan] documents which finding as an adverse effect? a. Tachycardia and hypertension b. Heightened brown pigment of the iris c. Headache, dry mouth, and altered taste d. Ocular stinging and conjunctivitis

b. Heightened brown pigment of the iris

The nurse assesses a patient who takes ibuprofen (Advil) on a regular basis. Which finding does the nurse know is an adverse effect of ibuprofen (Advil) therapy? a. Hives b. Hematemesis c. Dysmenorrhea d. Jaundice

b. Hematemesis

A patient who is receiving ceftriaxone has all of these medications ordered. The nurse monitors the patient for an adverse effect related to an interaction with which medication? a. Regular insulin b. Ampicillin [Polycillin] b. Ibuprofen [Advil] c. Bisacodyl [Dulcolax]

b. Ibuprofen [Advil]

In assessing a patient with a vitamin A deficiency, the nurse should determine whether the patient has which manifestation? a. Tender, bleeding gums b. Impaired night vision c. Disturbed sleep patterns d. Excessive sweating

b. Impaired night vision

A patient is taking black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) for relief of menopausal symptoms. The nurse should caution her about adverse interactive effects with which conventional medication? a. Docusate sodium [Colace] b. Insulin c. Furosemide [Lasix] d. Aspirin

b. Insulin

The nurse develops a care plan for a patient in the continuation phase of treatment for active tuberculosis (TB). The care plan includes teaching about which medication regimen? a. Pyrazinamide and ethambutol b. Isoniazid and rifampin c. Ethambutol and isoniazid d. Rifampin and ethambutol

b. Isoniazid and rifampin

A nurse develops a plan of care for a patient who has an outbreak of recurrent genital herpes and is taking oral acyclovir [Zovirax]. Which outcome should be included? a. Minimal scarring from lesions b. Less frequent eruption of lesions c. Prevention of transmission to contacts d. Complete eradication of the virus

b. Less frequent eruption of lesions

The nurse is caring for a female patient receiving sumatriptan [Imitrex]. Which concept guides the nursing care of this patient? a. Coronary vasospasm is a common problem with this drug. b. Many patients experience symptoms of chest pressure or heavy arms. c. Sumatriptan increases the risk of nausea and vomiting with migraines. d. Sumatriptan is considered safe to use during pregnancy.

b. Many patients experience symptoms of chest pressure or heavy arms.

A patient who takes multiple antibiotics starts to experience diarrheal stools. The nurse anticipates administration of which antibiotic if a stool sample tests positive for Clostridium difficile? a. Rifaximin [Xifaxan] b. Metronidazole [Flagyl] c. Daptomycin [Cubicin] d. Gemifloxacin [Factive

b. Metronidazole [Flagyl]

A patient is taking daptomycin [Cubicin]. The nurse should obtain a creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level when the patient shows what? a. Increased urination and urinary urgency b. Muscle pain and weakness c. Abdominal bloating and diarrhea d. Headache and visual disturbances

b. Muscle pain and weakness

To achieve therapeutic effectiveness, a nurse teaches a patient with chronic asthma to use an inhaled glucocorticoid medication according to which schedule? a. Only in an emergency b. On a continuing, daily basis c. To abort an asthma attack d. 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off

b. On a continuing, daily basis

Androgens are prescribed for a patient with anemia. The nurse is aware that the action of the androgen in this patient is what? a. Iron replacement b. Promoting synthesis of erythropoietin c. Prevention of blood loss d. Increase in bone formation

b. Promoting synthesis of erythropoietin

A nurse administers pilocarpine [Pilocar] eye drops to a patient who has glaucoma. The nurse would expect an increase in which outcome if the medication is having the desired effect? a. Aqueous inflow b. Pupillary constriction c. Aqueous production d. Pupillary dilation

b. Pupillary constriction

A nurse is monitoring a patient who takes etanercept [Enbrel] for rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should obtain the results of which laboratory test when evaluating for adverse effects? a.Arterial blood gases (ABGs) b. Skin test for tuberculosis c. Electrocardiogram (ECG) d. 24-hour urine collection for creatinine clearance

b. Skin test for tuberculosis

The development of a new infection as a result of the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic is referred to as what? a. Resistant infection b. Superinfection c. Nosocomial infection d. Allergic reaction

b. Superinfection

Acarbose is prescribed to treat a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which instruction should the nurse provide when teaching the client about this medication? a. Take the medication at bedtime. b. Take the medication with the first bite of each regular meal. c. The medication will be used to treat symptoms of hypoglycemia. d. Headache and dizziness are the most common side effects of this medication.

b. Take the medication with the first bite of each regular meal.

The nurse has just administered the first dose of haloperidol [Haldol] to a patient with schizophrenia. Which finding, if present, is the most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider before administering the next dose of medication? a. Dry mouth b. Temperature of 101°F c. BP of 104/72 mm Hg d. Drowsiness

b. Temperature of 101°F

Why does the FDA recommend that patients with asthma who use a LABA to control their asthma only use one that is combined with a glucocorticoid? a. The additive effects of LABAs and glucocorticoids make combination drugs more effective. b. There is an increased risk of asthma related death in patients who take LABAs alone. c. LABAs can decrease the adverse effects associated with taking glucocorticoids. d. Glucocorticoid administration can increase the absorption of LABAs.

b. There is an increased risk of asthma related death in patients who take LABAs alone.

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving propranolol [Inderal]. Which clinical finding is most indicative of an adverse effect of this drug? a. A heart rate of 100 beats/min b. Wheezing c. A glucose level of 180 mg/dL d. Urinary urgency

b. Wheezing

The nurse is preparing to give a medication for pain. The label states that the drug is "lipid soluble." How soon should the nurse expect to observe the effects of the drug? a. Slowly b. Rapidly c. Unpredictably d. Variably

b. rapidly

Which statement by a patient does not indicate a need for further teaching by the nurse about the administration of alendronate [Fosamax]? a. "I'll need to take my Fosamax with a glass of orange juice each morning to increase the medication absorption." b."I'll need to make sure I stand or sit for at least 30 minutes after taking my Fosamax." c. "I can break the pill in half or crush it if I have difficulty swallowing it." d. "It's not uncommon to develop heartburn while taking Fosamax, so I should not be overly concerned."

b."I'll need to make sure I stand or sit for at least 30 minutes after taking my Fosamax."

A nurse is teaching a patient who is to start taking an expectorant. The nurse provides the patient with which of these instructions? a. "Restrict cold fluids to promote reduced mucus production." b. "Take the medication once a day only, usually at bedtime." c. "Increase your fluid intake to reduce the viscosity of secretions." d. "Increase your fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation."

c. "Increase your fluid intake to reduce the viscosity of secretions."

A nurse should give which nonmedication instruction to a patient who has peptic ulcers? a. "Reduce your intake of caffeine-containing beverages, such as coffee and colas." b. "Take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug once a day to help with pain." c. "It would be better to eat five or six small meals a day instead of three larger ones." d. "An ulcer diet of bland foods with milk and cream products will speed healing."

c. "It would be better to eat five or six small meals a day instead of three larger ones."

The nurse provides family teaching to the mother of a 13-year-old client with pituitary dwarfism who is on growth hormone therapy. Which statement by the mother indicates that teaching has been successful? a. "My child's growth will be slow and steady." b. "My child will have growth spurts every 2 years." c. "My child will have an immediate increase in growth." d. "My child will have an increase in height in young adulthood."

c. "My child will have an immediate increase in growth."

The nursing student is assigned to care for a client with glaucoma for whom pilocarpine hydrochloride eye drops have been prescribed. The nursing instructor asks the student to describe the action of the eye medication. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of the purpose of this medication? a. "The medication prevents blurred vision by relaxing the muscles of the eyes." b. "The medication dilates the eye to prevent increased pressure from occurring." c. "The medication increases the blood flow to the retina and also will lower the pressure in the eye." d. "The medication blocks responses that are sent to the brain that direct the actions of the muscles in the eye."

c. "The medication increases the blood flow to the retina and also will lower the pressure in the eye."

A patient with asthma is scheduled to start taking a glucocorticoid medication with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). The nurse should give the patient which instruction about correct use of the inhaler? a. "After you inhale the medication once, repeat until you obtain symptomatic relief." b. "Wait no longer than 30 seconds after the first puff before taking the second one." c. "Use a spacer with the inhaler and rinse your mouth after each dose administration." d. "Breathe in through the nose and hold for 2 seconds just before activating the inhaler."

c. "Use a spacer with the inhaler and rinse your mouth after each dose administration."

When providing teaching for a patient starting flucytosine [Ancobon] therapy, the nurse identifies what as the priority concern? a. "You will have weekly blood draws to monitor your liver function." b. "Another very strong medication may be needed in addition to this one." c. "You'll need to report any symptoms of bruising, fever, and fatigue." d. "The dose is 10 pills, so take a few at a time over a 15-minute interval."

c. "You'll need to report any symptoms of bruising, fever, and fatigue."

A client who is receiving digoxin daily has a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L (3 mmol/L) and is complaining of anorexia. The health care provider prescribes a serum digoxin level to be done. The nurse checks the results and should expect to note which level that is outside of the therapeutic range? a. 0.3 ng/mL b. 0.5 ng/mL c. 0.8 ng/mL d. 1.0 ng/mL

c. 0.8 ng/mL

MD writes an order to Amoxicillin 1 gram TID by mouth for 5 days. Pharmacy dispenses you with 150 mg capsule. How many capsules do you administer per dose? a. 3.5 capsules/day b. 6.25 capsules/day c. 7 capsules/day d. none of the above

c. 7 capsules/day

Somatropin, a growth hormone, is prescribed for a client. The nurse reviews the assessment data in the client's health record, knowing that the medication would be contraindicated for which client? a. A child with growth failure b. A child with pituitary dwarfism c. A 20-year-old with growth failure d. A child with growth hormone deficiency

c. A 20-year-old with growth failure

Levothyroxine is prescribed for a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Upon review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is taking warfarin. Which modification to the plan of care should the nurse review with the client's health care provider? a. A decreased dosage of levothyroxine b. An increased dosage of levothyroxine c. A decreased dosage of warfarin sodium d. An increased dosage of warfarin sodium

c. A decreased dosage of warfarin sodium

An antimicrobial medication that has selective toxicity has which characteristic? a. Ability to transfer DNA coding b. Ability to suppress bacterial resistance c. Ability to avoid injuring host cells d. Ability to act against a specific microbe

c. Ability to avoid injuring host cells

The nurse is caring for a group of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Which neurotransmitter level is decreased by as much as 90% in patients with severe AD? a. Norepinephrine b. Serotonin c. Acetylcholine d. Dopamine

c. Acetylcholine

A pregnant 28 year old is experiencing preeclampsia and is prescribed an antihypertensive drug. Given your knowledge of antihypertensives, which drug would you question if prescribed by her provider? a. Labetalol b. Nifedipine c. Aliskiren d.Hydralazine

c. Aliskiren

Glyburide is prescribed for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. What is the most important instruction the nurse should provide to the client? a. Monitor for signs of infection. b. Weigh himself or herself daily. c. Assess for signs of hypoglycemia. d. Observe for lower extremity edema.

c. Assess for signs of hypoglycemia.

The nurse is teaching a patient prescribed captopril [Capoten] for the treatment of hypertension. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Take the medication with food. b. Expect a sore throat and fever. c. Avoid potassium salt substitutes. d. A persistent dry cough may occur. e. Report difficulty in breathing immediately.

c. Avoid potassium salt substitutes. d. A persistent dry cough may occur. e. Report difficulty in breathing immediately.

Which of the following diabetes drugs acts by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver? a. Sulfonylureas b. Meglitinides c. Biguanides d. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

c. Biguanides

Which assessment should a nurse monitor more frequently in a patient who takes both an alpha blocker for BPH and metoprolol [Lopressor]? a. Blood glucose level b. Hemoglobin level c. Blood pressure d. Urine output

c. Blood pressure

Which finding in a patient taking oxymetazoline [Afrin] nasal spray every 2 hours would indicate that the patient has developed an adverse effect? a. Dry mouth and constipation b. Drowsiness and sedation c. Congestion and stuffiness d. Itching and skin rash

c. Congestion and stuffiness

The home health nurse visits a client who is taking phenytoin for control of seizures. During the assessment, the nurse notes that the client is taking birth control pills. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan? a. Pregnancy must be avoided while taking phenytoin. b. The client may stop the medication if it is causing severe gastrointestinal effects. c. There is the potential of decreased effectiveness of birth control pills while taking phenytoin. d. There is the increased risk of thrombophlebitis while taking phenytoin and birth control pills together.

c. There is the potential of decreased effectiveness of birth control pills while taking phenytoin.

A thrombolytic is administered in the hospital emergency department to a client who has had a myocardial infarction. The client's spouse asks the nurse about the purpose of the medication. The nurse bases the response on which fact regarding this medication? a. Thrombolytics suppress the production of fibrin. b. Thrombolytics act to prevent thrombus formation. c. Thrombolytics act to dissolve thrombi that have already formed. d. Thrombolytics have been proved to reverse all detrimental effects of heart attacks.

c. Thrombolytics act to dissolve thrombi that have already formed.

What is the goal of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease? a. To increase the amount of acetylcholine at the presynaptic neurons b. To reduce the amount of dopamine available in the substantia nigra c. To balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the brain d. To block dopamine receptors in presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons

c. To balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the brai

The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed digoxin [Lanoxin] for heart failure. Which finding would require immediate attention by the nurse? a. Potassium level of 3.7 mEq/L b. Digoxin level of 0.7 ng/mL c. Vomiting and diarrhea d. Heart rate of 68 beats/min

c. Vomiting and diarrhea

A nurse should recognize that for maximum therapeutic effects against the influenza virus, oseltamivir [Tamiflu] should be taken when? a. Two days or more after symptom onset b. When lung crackles are present c. Within 12 hours of symptom onset d. Only when fever is above 102°F

c. Within 12 hours of symptom onset

Cortisone acetate is prescribed for a client with adrenal insufficiency. The nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates a need for further instruction? a. "I will limit my sodium intake." b. "I will avoid people with colds." c. "I will eat a good breakfast every day." d. "I will stop the medication when I feel better."

d. "I will stop the medication when I feel better."

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a client who is taking warfarin sodium. Which statement, by the client, reflects the need for further teaching? a. "I will avoid alcohol consumption." b. "I will take my pills every day at the same time." c. "I have already called my family to pick up a MedicAlert bracelet." d. "I will take coated aspirin for my headaches because it will coat my stomach."

d. "I will take coated aspirin for my headaches because it will coat my stomach."

The nurse provides education to the client with hyperthyroidism about potassium iodide before medication administration. The client is scheduled for a subtotal thyroidectomy. Which response by the client indicates understanding? a. "It replaces thyroid hormone." b. "It prevents iodine absorption." c. "It increases thyroid hormone." d. "It suppresses thyroid hormone."

d. "It suppresses thyroid hormone."

The nurse has just administered the first dose of omalizumab to a client. Which statement by the client would alert the nurse that the client may be experiencing a life-threatening effect? a. "I have a severe headache." b. "My feet are quite swollen." c. "I am nauseated and may vomit." d. "My lips and tongue are swollen."

d. "My lips and tongue are swollen."

A patient taking sildenafil [Viagra] asks a nurse what action to take if priapism occurs. Which response should the nurse make? a. "Take an additional half-strength dose of sildenafil." b. "The condition usually resolves in 12 hours or less." c. "Wait until the following day and notify the doctor." d. "Seek emergency help, because permanent damage can occur."

d. "Seek emergency help, because permanent damage can occur."

Which of the following instructions should the nurse NOT give a patient who is prescribed a topical glucocorticoid for a dermatologic disorder? a. "Avoid using any tight-fitting bandages or dressings after applying." b. "Apply in a thin film and gently rub into the affected area." c. "Topical glucocorticoids pose a risk of local infection." d. "Topical glucocorticoids can lead to thickening of the skin at the application site."

d. "Topical glucocorticoids can lead to thickening of the skin at the application site."

A patient is prescribed Kayexalate. The nurse is reviewing the patient's laboratory reports. What would the nurse expect the patient's potassium level to be prior to administering? a. 2.3 mEq/L b. 3.5 mEq/L c. 4.2 mEq/L d. 5.9 mEq/L

d. 5.9 mEq/L

A client with myasthenia gravis becomes increasingly weaker. The health care provider injects a dose of edrophonium to determine whether the client is experiencing a myasthenic crisis or a cholinergic crisis. The nurse expects that the client will have which reaction if in cholinergic crisis? a. No change in the condition b. Complaints of muscle spasms c. An improvement of the weakness d. A temporary worsening of the condition

d. A temporary worsening of the condition

A nurse prepares to apply timolol [Timoptic] eye drops to a patient who has asthma. Which action should the nurse take when applying the eye drops? a. Give the patient a bronchodilator inhaler before administering the eye drops. b. Keep the patient in an upright sitting position for 3 hours after administration. c. Administer the drops to one eye, wait 30 minutes, and then apply them to the other eye. d. Apply pressure to the inner aspects of the eye during and after administration.

d. Apply pressure to the inner aspects of the eye during and after administration.

A patient reports abdominal bloating and infrequent, small, hard stools after taking psyllium [Metamucil] for 2 weeks. Which is the nurse's priority action? a. Consult the physician about another laxative choice. b. Check the dose, because an increase may be indicated. c. Ask whether the patient is toileting at the same time every day. d. Ask whether the patient is using at least 8 ounces of fluid to prepare the psyllium.

d. Ask whether the patient is using at least 8 ounces of fluid to prepare the psyllium.

A patient in the emergency department reports taking sildenafil [Viagra] and nitroglycerin 1 hour before sexual activity. Which finding should the nurse immediately report to the physician? a. White blood cell (WBC) count of 3200 units/L b. Respiratory rate of 26 breaths per minute c. Body temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) d. Blood pressure (BP) of 70/50 mm Hg

d. Blood pressure (BP) of 70/50 mm Hg

Which symptom is the most indicative of muscarinic poisoning? a. Constipation b. Heart rate of 140 beats/min c. Blood pressure of 180/110 mm Hg d. Blurred vision

d. Blurred vision

For medications that do not have established pediatric doses, the most common method of extrapolating the appropriate dose is based on which measurement? a. Age b. Weight c. Height/length d. Body surface area

d. Body surface area

A nurse is preparing to give a medication that stimulates the beta2 receptors. Which response will the nurse expect from this drug? a. Increased peristalsis b. Constriction of the pupil c. Hypoglycemia d. Bronchodilation

d. Bronchodilation

A cromolyn sodium inhaler is prescribed for a client with allergic asthma. The nurse provides instructions regarding the adverse effects of this medication and should tell the client that which undesirable effect is associated with this medication? a. Insomnia b. Constipation c. Hypotension d. Bronchospasm

d. Bronchospasm

A patient diagnosed with asthma is being treated for hypertension. Which prescribed medication would you question? a. Losartan b. Aliskiren c. Eplerenone d. Captopril

d. Captopril

Vasopressin is prescribed for a client with diabetes insipidus. The nurse should be particularly cautious in monitoring a client receiving this medication if the client has which preexisting condition? a. Depression b. Endometriosis c. Pheochromocytoma d. Coronary artery disease

d. Coronary artery disease

A patient is taking a first-generation H1 blocker for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. It is most important for the nurse to assess for which adverse effect? a. Skin flushing b. Wheezing c. Insomnia d. Dry mouth

d. Dry mouth

The nurse is caring for a patient with anemia related to chronic renal failure. Which agent might be used to treat the anemia? a. Filgrastim [Neupogen] b. Sargramostim [Leukine] c. Oprelvekin [Neumega] d. Epoetin alfa [Procrit]

d. Epoetin alfa [Procrit]

when assessing for drug effects in the older adult, which phase of pharmcokinetics is the greatest concern? a. Absorption b. Distribution c. Metabolism d. Excretion

d. Excretion

A patient is receiving weekly subcutaneous injections of peg-interferon-alfa-2a [Pegasys] for chronic hepatitis C. A nurse teaches the patient that which adverse effect will diminish with continued therapy? a. Black, sticky, tarry stools b. Lower leg muscle weakness c. Dyspnea and wheezing d. Flulike symptoms

d. Flulike symptoms

A patient tells the nurse that she is thinking about becoming pregnant. The nurse teaches the patient that which vitamin should be her priority for supplementation before planning a pregnancy? a. Vitamin B12 b. Riboflavin c. Vitamin D d. Folic acid

d. Folic acid

Metformin is prescribed for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. What is the most common side effect that the nurse should include in the client's teaching plan? a. Weight gain b. Hypoglycemia c. Flushing and palpitations d. Gastrointestinal disturbances

d. Gastrointestinal disturbances

A patient has a blood glucose of 58 and is sweating, cold, and clammy. The patient is conscious. What is your next nursing intervention? a. Recheck the blood glucose in 5 minutes. b. Give the patient 15 grams of a complex carbohydrate. c. No intervention is needed because this is a normal blood glucose. d. Give the patient 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate.

d. Give the patient 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate.

Complete the equation: Cardiac output = Volume of blood ejected at each heartbeat × ____. a. Stroke volume b. Preload c. Afterload d. Heart rate

d. Heart rate

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with acute severe exacerbation of asthma. Which drug should the nurse anticipate will be included in the treatment plan? a. Oral theophylline [Elixophyllin] b. Subcutaneous omalizumab [Xolair] c. Inhaled mometasone furoate [Asmanex] d. High-dose albuterol [Proventil] via nebulizer treatment

d. High-dose albuterol [Proventil] via nebulizer treatment

The nurse caring for a patient taking furosemide (Lasix) is reviewing the patient's most recent laboratory results, which are: sodium, 136 mEq/L; potassium, 3.2 mEq/L; chloride, 100 mEq/L; blood urea nitrogen, 15 mg/dL. What is the nurse's best action? a. Administer Lasix as ordered b. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor c. Begin a 24-hour urine collection d. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician

d. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician

Insulin lispro is prescribed for the client, and the client is instructed to administer the insulin before meals. When should the nurse instruct the client to administer the insulin? a. 45 minutes before eating b. 60 minutes before eating c. 90 minutes before eating d. Immediately before eating

d. Immediately before eating

A home care nurse has observed a client self-administer a dose of an adrenergic bronchodilator via metered-dose inhaler. Within a short time, the client begins to wheeze loudly. The nurse understands that this is the result of which occurrence? a. Insufficient dosage of the medication, which needs to be increased b. Probable interaction of this medication with an over-the-counter cold remedy c. Tolerance to the medication, indicating a need for a stronger type of bronchodilator d. Paradoxical bronchospasm, which must be reported to the health care provider (HCP

d. Paradoxical bronchospasm, which must be reported to the health care provider (HCP

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of heart failure just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The health care provider prescribes an oral hypoglycemic for the client. Which oral hypoglycemic medication prescribed for this client should the nurse question? a. Acarbose b. Glyburide c. Repaglinide d. Pioglitazone

d. Pioglitazone

A patient is receiving amphotericin B. The nurse identifies which medication as useful in preventing adverse effects of amphotericin B? a. Furosemide [Lasix] b. Insulin c. Vitamin K d. Potassium

d. Potassium

Which of the following should I do to succeed on my pharm test tomorrow? a. Stay up until 3 am cramming b. Skip patho lecture tomorrow morning c. Skip breakfast to have more time to study d. Review a few concepts tonight, get a good night's sleep, eat a good breakfast and lunch

d. Review a few concepts tonight, get a good night's sleep, eat a good breakfast and lunch

When preparing discharge instructions for a patient, what should the nurse do? a. Ask the patient which name he or she uses for the drug and only use that name in discharge teaching b. Explain the generic name only so the patient does not become confused c. Explain the trade name only because it is easier for the patient to remember d. Review the prescription written for discharge and include the trade name and generic name in discharge teaching

d. Review the prescription written for discharge and include the trade name and generic name in discharge teaching

The nurse is providing instructions to a client with a diagnosis of Addison's disease regarding the administration of prescribed glucocorticoids. The nurse should provide which instruction to the client? a. To stop the medication if side effects occur b. To avoid taking the medication if nausea occurs c. That minimal side effects will occur with use of this medication d. That an increased dose of medication may be needed during times of stress

d. That an increased dose of medication may be needed during times of stress

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving clozapine [Clozaril]. Which assessment finding is most indicative of an adverse effect of this drug? a. Blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL b. Blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL c. Bilirubin level of 2.5 mg/dL d. White blood cell (WBC) count of 2000/mm3

d. White blood cell (WBC) count of 2000/mm3

Which application instruction is the priority for a nurse to provide to a patient starting to use AndroGel testosterone gel? a. "Apply the gel to clean, dry skin of the shoulders or upper arms." b. "Squeeze the entire packet into your palms and then rub the gel into your skin." c. "Wait about 5 or 6 hours before showering or swimming." d."Wash your hands after applying the gel to prevent transfer to others."

d."Wash your hands after applying the gel to prevent transfer to others."

All of the following are effects of the RAAS system except: a. Increased sympathetic activity b. Tubular sodium chloride reabsorption, Potassium excretion c. Increased aldosterone excretion d.Arteriolar vasodilation, increase in blood pressure e. Increased ADH secretion by pituitary gland

d.Arteriolar vasodilation, increase in blood pressure

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving hydralazine [Apresoline]. The healthcare provider prescribes propranolol [Inderal]. The nurse knows that a drug such as propranolol often is combined with hydralazine for what purpose? a.To reduce the risk of headache b.To improve hypotensive effects c.To prevent heart failure d.To protect against reflex tachycardia

d.To protect against reflex tachycardia