Final!!!!!

Advances in physical abilities

physical development

A step-by-step pattern that consistently follows one after another, as in development

sequence

Development that includes the areas of relationships and feeling

social-emotional development

Your "artifacts" will make this..

Portfolio

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, when teens make moral decisions based on principles, such as justice and individual conscience, they are at the level of _____ morality.

Postconventional

In which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development do young children learn to recognize symbols and learn concepts?

Preoperational

Often a step before getting into a college's Teacher Education Program

Proficiency Test

Differences in learning based on abilities, interests, or experiences

learning diversity

People who learn best by performing hands-on or physical activities

Kinesthetic-tactile learners

Preferred methods of absorbing and processing information

Learning styles

When students experience and then reflect on their learning, ______ learning occurs.

experiential

Learning that takes place when students actually experience and then reflect on their learning

experiential learning

Not the "head teacher" of the class but still paid.

Paraprofessional

Personal incentive or drive to succeed

motivation

Preconceived generalizations about certain groups of people

Stereotypes

Piaget believed that children learn through continuous exposure to_______. A) All of the other options are correct B) experimentation C) firsthand experiences D) discovery

A) All of the other options are correct

Every child comes to school with a unique combination of experiences, expectations, and abilities. Therefore, which of the following statements is NOT true? A) Students must conform to an established educational system B) It is up to the schools to make every child feel comfortable in the school C) This presents challenges for both teacher and the learner D) The variety of backgrounds adds to the learning environment

A) Students must conform to an established educational system

When you student teach, this person will mentor you.

Cooperating Teacher

Sequenced according to class...also sequenced within the class according to the order of what will be taught when.

Curriculum

Explanations based on research about why people act and behave the way they do and how they change over time

Developmental theories

Students who are learning English while mastering the content of their regular classes

English language learners

A particular racial, national, or cultural group, including that group's customs, beliefs, values, and often language and religion

Ethnicity

A child with a strong _____ intelligence thinks philosophically and learns best through seeing the "big picture" of human existence

Existential

A child with strong ____ intelligence is likely to think in three dimensions

Existentialist

List the 4 steps to becoming a teacher in order

High School Preparation, College Preparation and Teacher Training, Classroom Experiences and Student Teaching, Gaining Certification

Placing students with special needs into a regular class with a requirement that they will benefit from the classes, even if they are not able to keep up academically with class requirements

Inclusion

A written educational plan developed for a specific student with disabilities

Individualized Education Program

A child with a strong _________ intelligence would prefer group activities, discussions, and group projects

Interpersonal

A child with strong _____ intelligence would prefer journaling, reflection exercises, self-paced work, and personal projects

Intrapersonal

Which type of learner would learn best by physically placing numbers on a map to learn the sequence of Civil War battles?

Kinesthetic-tactile

Placing students with special needs who show the ability to keep up with the curriculum in a regular class

Mainstreaming

Howard Gardner's theory that individuals have a broad range of types of intelligence, each to a different degree

Multiple intelligences

Not a public school but not a religious one either.

Nonsectarian

Which of the following is a basic principle of human development? A) Two children in the same family will develop at the same rate B) Everyone progresses at the same rate C) Normal growth patterns are relatively predictable D) Most skills develop in isolation

Normal growth patterns are relatively predictable

Should show an increase based on number of years experienced

Salary Schedule

Associated with elementary classes and severe special needs classes.

Self Contained Classroom

Which of the following behaviorists is known for identifying the basic principle of operant conditioning? A) Pavlov B) Vygotsky C) Bandura D) Skinner

Skinner

Part of this will be your student teaching experience

Teacher Education Program

To tap into individual student strengths, the teacher should do all of the following except ____. A) Help individual learners understand their strengths and how to use them B) Allow more student choice in ways to explore a given topic C) Help all learners by providing practice in intelligence areas that might be weak D) Tell students exactly what is to be done and how to do it

Tell students exactly what is to be done and how to do it

Behaviors like all complex traits, involve multiple genes that are affected by a variety of environmental factors

True

How a person interprets a media message and its effects depend on things unique to that person's life.

True

Lack of proper nutrition affects cognitive development, limiting learning and productivity.

True

Physical development is very rapid during the first years of life.

True

School administrators set the overall tone for a school regarding diversity

True

Schools and businesses are mandated to provide an environment free of bias

True

A theory based on the belief that individuals' behavior is determined by forces in the environment that are beyond their control

behaviorism

All of the actions or processes involving thought and knowledge

cognition

The way people change and improve in their ability to think and learn throughout life

cognitive development

Taking new knowledge and interacting with it by forming a hypothesis, testing it, and making decisions on whether or not to add it to one's learning

constructivism

The gradual increase in skills and abilities that occurs over a lifetime

development

Students that require special educational modifications and, perhaps, other services that align with their abilities and potential

exceptional learners

The theory that states that people tend to repeat behaviors that have a positive result or are reinforced

operant conditioning

Future teachers should study developmental theories because _____. A) theories help teachers understand what students are doing and why B) theories will help teachers diagnose their students C) the theories are proven facts D) teachers must select a theory for their own classroom

A) theories help teachers understand what students are doing and why

In teaching, modifications to the environment, learning strategies, or materials that are made to help students with particular special needs succeed in the classroom.

Accommodations

Example of these from our class are your own teacher interview, a teacher observation, a resume, and your philosophy of teaching.

Artifacts

People who learn best by hearing or listening to information

Auditory learners

In which of Erikson's stages of development when must individually seek to figure out who they are as individuals? A) Intimacy vs. Isolation B) Identity vs. Role Confusion C) Industry vs Inferiority D) Initiative vs. Guilt

B) Identity vs. Role Confusion

Which theorist believed that people imitate the behaviors of others regardless of rewards and punishments?

Bandura

Name 5 artifacts that might be in your portfolio

Basic info about yourself, essay focusing on career goals and personal interests, academic recognition, leadership positions, and projects

Which of the following theorists developed the constructivism theory?

Bruner

Which of the following describes mainstreaming? A) A student is included in a classroom with other peers, but is not expected to keep up academically B) A student is placed in a specialized class that provides adapted programs, extra staff, and specialized equipment or learning materials to help the student learn C) A student is included in a classroom with other peers and may have extra learning aids, but receives no treatment as a student with special needs D) A student guides his or her own rate of learning and spends as much time as needed on a particular concept or subject

C) A student is included in a classroom with other peers and may have extra learning aids, but receives no treatment as a student with special needs

Howard Gardner published the theory of multiple intelligences. Which of the following statements is not part of his theory A) Schools typically focus on just a few of the intelligences. B) Individuals have a broad range of types of intelligences, each to a different degree C) All types of intelligences have been explored; there are no more to add to his list D) The more types of intelligences an activity includes, the better students learn

C) All types of intelligences have been explored; there are no more to add to his list

Learning styles are the methods individuals prefer and the way that they learn best. Which of the following is a learning style? A) Visual B) Kinesthetic-tactile C) Auditory D) All of the Above

D) All of the above

Which of the following is an example of social-emotional development? A) All of the other options are correct B) Organizing thoughts to write a paragraph C) Rolling over and crawling D) Dealing with increasing independence

D) Dealing with increasing independence

Different modes of instruction to match a student's preferred mode of learning, disability, or background

Differentiated instruction

'The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act' was renamed the 'Education for All Handicapped Children Act' in the 1990s

False

As a future teacher, it is important to select one developmental theory to use as a model for all of your lessons.

False

Cultural factors have little impact on learning in the classroom setting

False

Jean Piaget is best known for his research on moral development

False

Lecturing is generally considered the most effective teaching method

False

Meeting the needs of individuals requires separate teaching plans for every student

False

Most development is solely physical, cognitive, social, or emotional

False

Most kindergarteners do not have difficulty with maintaining self-control.

False

Most researchers believe that nature rather than nurture plays the more important role in human development

False

Most students learn in different ways but do not have have a preferred learning style.

False

Pavlov's work, while interesting, proves little information for teachers.

False

Students with severe learning disabilities are often enrolled in magnet schools

False

In which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development do children start to master abstract thinking?

Formal operational

Something that might help pay for one to go to college but not a scholarship

Grants

Name the 3 possible requirements to get into a teacher education program

Personal Interviews, Prerequisite Courses, Minimum GPA, Proficiency Tests

A broad range of physical, mental, social and behavioral challenges that impact learning

Special Needs

Educational settings that provide adapted programs, extra staff, and specialized equipment or learning environments or materials to help students with special needs learn.

Special education

Sharing dialogue between teachers and students is called Socratic learning.

True

Students who are considered gifted and talented and students with special needs are both called exceptional learners

True

Teachers who use differentiated instruction often divide students into groups

True

The development of connections between nerve cells in the brain is a key component to cognitive development at all stages of life.

True

When teachers better understand the differences in how students learn, they can be more effectively teach in ways that maximize learning for more students

True

Young children are especially open to kinesthetic-tactile learning

True

Physical skills involving smaller muscles in the body, such as the hands and wrists. Examples include picking up objects, writing, and keyboarding.

fine-motor skills

In the debate of nature versus nurture, nurture refers to environment and nature refers to ______.

genetics

Physical skills involving larger muscles of the body, such as the legs, hips, back, and arms. Examples include jumping, hitting a baseball, balancing on a balance beam, and carrying a heavy object

gross-motor skills

Refers to physical changes in size, such as gains in height and weight

growth

Erikson noted that during elementary school years, children need to develop competency both at school and at home. This task is known as ____.

industry versus inferiority

People who learn best if information is presented in a way that they can see

visual learners