Final!!!!!
Advances in physical abilities
physical development
A step-by-step pattern that consistently follows one after another, as in development
sequence
Development that includes the areas of relationships and feeling
social-emotional development
Your "artifacts" will make this..
Portfolio
According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, when teens make moral decisions based on principles, such as justice and individual conscience, they are at the level of _____ morality.
Postconventional
In which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development do young children learn to recognize symbols and learn concepts?
Preoperational
Often a step before getting into a college's Teacher Education Program
Proficiency Test
Differences in learning based on abilities, interests, or experiences
learning diversity
People who learn best by performing hands-on or physical activities
Kinesthetic-tactile learners
Preferred methods of absorbing and processing information
Learning styles
When students experience and then reflect on their learning, ______ learning occurs.
experiential
Learning that takes place when students actually experience and then reflect on their learning
experiential learning
Not the "head teacher" of the class but still paid.
Paraprofessional
Personal incentive or drive to succeed
motivation
Preconceived generalizations about certain groups of people
Stereotypes
Piaget believed that children learn through continuous exposure to_______. A) All of the other options are correct B) experimentation C) firsthand experiences D) discovery
A) All of the other options are correct
Every child comes to school with a unique combination of experiences, expectations, and abilities. Therefore, which of the following statements is NOT true? A) Students must conform to an established educational system B) It is up to the schools to make every child feel comfortable in the school C) This presents challenges for both teacher and the learner D) The variety of backgrounds adds to the learning environment
A) Students must conform to an established educational system
When you student teach, this person will mentor you.
Cooperating Teacher
Sequenced according to class...also sequenced within the class according to the order of what will be taught when.
Curriculum
Explanations based on research about why people act and behave the way they do and how they change over time
Developmental theories
Students who are learning English while mastering the content of their regular classes
English language learners
A particular racial, national, or cultural group, including that group's customs, beliefs, values, and often language and religion
Ethnicity
A child with a strong _____ intelligence thinks philosophically and learns best through seeing the "big picture" of human existence
Existential
A child with strong ____ intelligence is likely to think in three dimensions
Existentialist
List the 4 steps to becoming a teacher in order
High School Preparation, College Preparation and Teacher Training, Classroom Experiences and Student Teaching, Gaining Certification
Placing students with special needs into a regular class with a requirement that they will benefit from the classes, even if they are not able to keep up academically with class requirements
Inclusion
A written educational plan developed for a specific student with disabilities
Individualized Education Program
A child with a strong _________ intelligence would prefer group activities, discussions, and group projects
Interpersonal
A child with strong _____ intelligence would prefer journaling, reflection exercises, self-paced work, and personal projects
Intrapersonal
Which type of learner would learn best by physically placing numbers on a map to learn the sequence of Civil War battles?
Kinesthetic-tactile
Placing students with special needs who show the ability to keep up with the curriculum in a regular class
Mainstreaming
Howard Gardner's theory that individuals have a broad range of types of intelligence, each to a different degree
Multiple intelligences
Not a public school but not a religious one either.
Nonsectarian
Which of the following is a basic principle of human development? A) Two children in the same family will develop at the same rate B) Everyone progresses at the same rate C) Normal growth patterns are relatively predictable D) Most skills develop in isolation
Normal growth patterns are relatively predictable
Should show an increase based on number of years experienced
Salary Schedule
Associated with elementary classes and severe special needs classes.
Self Contained Classroom
Which of the following behaviorists is known for identifying the basic principle of operant conditioning? A) Pavlov B) Vygotsky C) Bandura D) Skinner
Skinner
Part of this will be your student teaching experience
Teacher Education Program
To tap into individual student strengths, the teacher should do all of the following except ____. A) Help individual learners understand their strengths and how to use them B) Allow more student choice in ways to explore a given topic C) Help all learners by providing practice in intelligence areas that might be weak D) Tell students exactly what is to be done and how to do it
Tell students exactly what is to be done and how to do it
Behaviors like all complex traits, involve multiple genes that are affected by a variety of environmental factors
True
How a person interprets a media message and its effects depend on things unique to that person's life.
True
Lack of proper nutrition affects cognitive development, limiting learning and productivity.
True
Physical development is very rapid during the first years of life.
True
School administrators set the overall tone for a school regarding diversity
True
Schools and businesses are mandated to provide an environment free of bias
True
A theory based on the belief that individuals' behavior is determined by forces in the environment that are beyond their control
behaviorism
All of the actions or processes involving thought and knowledge
cognition
The way people change and improve in their ability to think and learn throughout life
cognitive development
Taking new knowledge and interacting with it by forming a hypothesis, testing it, and making decisions on whether or not to add it to one's learning
constructivism
The gradual increase in skills and abilities that occurs over a lifetime
development
Students that require special educational modifications and, perhaps, other services that align with their abilities and potential
exceptional learners
The theory that states that people tend to repeat behaviors that have a positive result or are reinforced
operant conditioning
Future teachers should study developmental theories because _____. A) theories help teachers understand what students are doing and why B) theories will help teachers diagnose their students C) the theories are proven facts D) teachers must select a theory for their own classroom
A) theories help teachers understand what students are doing and why
In teaching, modifications to the environment, learning strategies, or materials that are made to help students with particular special needs succeed in the classroom.
Accommodations
Example of these from our class are your own teacher interview, a teacher observation, a resume, and your philosophy of teaching.
Artifacts
People who learn best by hearing or listening to information
Auditory learners
In which of Erikson's stages of development when must individually seek to figure out who they are as individuals? A) Intimacy vs. Isolation B) Identity vs. Role Confusion C) Industry vs Inferiority D) Initiative vs. Guilt
B) Identity vs. Role Confusion
Which theorist believed that people imitate the behaviors of others regardless of rewards and punishments?
Bandura
Name 5 artifacts that might be in your portfolio
Basic info about yourself, essay focusing on career goals and personal interests, academic recognition, leadership positions, and projects
Which of the following theorists developed the constructivism theory?
Bruner
Which of the following describes mainstreaming? A) A student is included in a classroom with other peers, but is not expected to keep up academically B) A student is placed in a specialized class that provides adapted programs, extra staff, and specialized equipment or learning materials to help the student learn C) A student is included in a classroom with other peers and may have extra learning aids, but receives no treatment as a student with special needs D) A student guides his or her own rate of learning and spends as much time as needed on a particular concept or subject
C) A student is included in a classroom with other peers and may have extra learning aids, but receives no treatment as a student with special needs
Howard Gardner published the theory of multiple intelligences. Which of the following statements is not part of his theory A) Schools typically focus on just a few of the intelligences. B) Individuals have a broad range of types of intelligences, each to a different degree C) All types of intelligences have been explored; there are no more to add to his list D) The more types of intelligences an activity includes, the better students learn
C) All types of intelligences have been explored; there are no more to add to his list
Learning styles are the methods individuals prefer and the way that they learn best. Which of the following is a learning style? A) Visual B) Kinesthetic-tactile C) Auditory D) All of the Above
D) All of the above
Which of the following is an example of social-emotional development? A) All of the other options are correct B) Organizing thoughts to write a paragraph C) Rolling over and crawling D) Dealing with increasing independence
D) Dealing with increasing independence
Different modes of instruction to match a student's preferred mode of learning, disability, or background
Differentiated instruction
'The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act' was renamed the 'Education for All Handicapped Children Act' in the 1990s
False
As a future teacher, it is important to select one developmental theory to use as a model for all of your lessons.
False
Cultural factors have little impact on learning in the classroom setting
False
Jean Piaget is best known for his research on moral development
False
Lecturing is generally considered the most effective teaching method
False
Meeting the needs of individuals requires separate teaching plans for every student
False
Most development is solely physical, cognitive, social, or emotional
False
Most kindergarteners do not have difficulty with maintaining self-control.
False
Most researchers believe that nature rather than nurture plays the more important role in human development
False
Most students learn in different ways but do not have have a preferred learning style.
False
Pavlov's work, while interesting, proves little information for teachers.
False
Students with severe learning disabilities are often enrolled in magnet schools
False
In which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development do children start to master abstract thinking?
Formal operational
Something that might help pay for one to go to college but not a scholarship
Grants
Name the 3 possible requirements to get into a teacher education program
Personal Interviews, Prerequisite Courses, Minimum GPA, Proficiency Tests
A broad range of physical, mental, social and behavioral challenges that impact learning
Special Needs
Educational settings that provide adapted programs, extra staff, and specialized equipment or learning environments or materials to help students with special needs learn.
Special education
Sharing dialogue between teachers and students is called Socratic learning.
True
Students who are considered gifted and talented and students with special needs are both called exceptional learners
True
Teachers who use differentiated instruction often divide students into groups
True
The development of connections between nerve cells in the brain is a key component to cognitive development at all stages of life.
True
When teachers better understand the differences in how students learn, they can be more effectively teach in ways that maximize learning for more students
True
Young children are especially open to kinesthetic-tactile learning
True
Physical skills involving smaller muscles in the body, such as the hands and wrists. Examples include picking up objects, writing, and keyboarding.
fine-motor skills
In the debate of nature versus nurture, nurture refers to environment and nature refers to ______.
genetics
Physical skills involving larger muscles of the body, such as the legs, hips, back, and arms. Examples include jumping, hitting a baseball, balancing on a balance beam, and carrying a heavy object
gross-motor skills
Refers to physical changes in size, such as gains in height and weight
growth
Erikson noted that during elementary school years, children need to develop competency both at school and at home. This task is known as ____.
industry versus inferiority
People who learn best if information is presented in a way that they can see
visual learners