Final Study Guide (Test 4)
A(n) _____ approach to therapy combines and integrates multiple perspectives. biomedical insight behavioral eclectic
B
According to the textbook, "deinstitutionalization was made possible by the introduction of medications that reduced some symptoms of severe psychological disorders." In other words, advances in _____ therapy paved the way for deinstitutionalization. psychodynamic biomedical insight behavioral
B
Criminal behaviors are MOST closely associated with _____ personality disorder. narcissistic antisocial schizotypal borderline
B
Insanity is a _____ term. psychological legal medical psychiatric
B
Mrs. Parker visits a neighbor's home for the first time. The house is cluttered and poorly kept. Mrs. Parker does not consider that her neighbor may be juggling two jobs, a lengthy commute, and the demands of child care. Instead, she simply concludes that her neighbor is a slob. Mrs. Parker is illustrating the: false consensus effect. fundamental attribution error. self-serving bias. just-world hypothesis.
B
The ABC model is a feature of _____ therapy, developed by _____. cognitive; Aaron Beck rational emotive behavioral; Albert Ellis cognitive; Albert Ellis rational emotive behavioral; Aaron Beck
B
The _____ model explains psychological disorders from a biological standpoint, focusing on genes, neurochemical imbalances, and problems in the brain. cognitive medical behavioral evolutionary
B
Which statement is TRUE of psychological disorders? Their symptoms are usually the result of spiritual experiences. Their symptoms are not typical in the general population. Their symptoms are mere departures from cultural norms. The behaviors associated with them do not interfere with daily life.
B
Cam is seeking help for his alcohol abuse. He consults a behavior therapist, who might recommend: systematic desensitization. a token economy. aversion therapy. flooding.
C
Dramatic mood swings are characteristic of a condition known as _____ disorder. dissociative identity obsessive-compulsive bipolar major depressive
C
During the Nuremberg trials in the 1960s, Nazi officers argued that they were "just following orders," in an attempt to shift responsibility for the deaths of millions of Jews to their superiors. Findings from which researcher would support this defense? Asch Ajzen Milgram Sternberg
C
Learning theorists propose that specific phobias are acquired largely through: operant conditioning. observational learning. classical conditioning. latent learning.
C
Which choice MOST accurately expresses the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia in the general population? about 5% less than 0.1% less than 1% about 2%
C
_____ is more colloquially known as "talk therapy." Behavior therapy Psychodynamic therapy Psychotherapy Biomedical therapy
C
_____ therapies are a type of psychotherapy aimed at increasing awareness of self and the environment. Reintegration Aversion Insight Biomedical
C
_____, a _____ theorist, developed person-centered therapy. Albert Ellis; humanistic Albert Ellis; cognitive Carl Rogers; humanistic Carl Rogers; cognitive
C
What proportion of people with borderline personality disorder diagnoses are women? nine tenths two thirds one half three quarters
D
_____ entails a combination of exposure therapy and an anxiety hierarchy. Aversion therapy Flooding A token economy Systematic desensitization
D
A(n) _____ is a negative attitude about a group of individuals based on a characteristic they share, such as a psychological disorder. stigma schema appraisal bias
A
An incomplete sense of self and feelings of emptiness are associated with _____ personality disorder. borderline antisocial schizotypal narcissistic
A
Martina knows little about politics and is not especially interested in the outcome of political races. Martina would MOST likely be persuaded by a campaign messaging relying on the _____ route to persuasion. central primary peripheral compliance
A
People may be more willing to grant a large favor if they have already granted a smaller one. This is the _____ technique. foot-in-the-door false consensus door-in-the-face self-serving
A
Research indicates that people with panic disorder may have an unusually small: amygdala. hypothalamus. hippocampus. thalamus.
A
Since they provide relief from intrusive, unwanted obsessions, compulsions are maintained by: negative reinforcement. negative punishment. positive punishment. positive reinforcement.
A
Stan is focused on cleaning his home, which he does for several hours each day. In particular, the fringe on his rugs must be straight on both sides in all five rooms. This takes considerable time, and Stan often repeats his rug-straightening behavior 10 to 12 times each day. This is an example of a(n): obsession. compulsion. hallucination. delusion.
A
The "3 Ds" of psychological abnormality do NOT include: depression. dysfunction. deviance. distress.
A
The first version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders was published in: 1952. 1973. 1947. 1994.
A
The goal of advertising is to encourage people to view products or services favorably, and, ideally, to purchase them. Advertising's objective, therefore, is: persuasion. obedience. conformity. compliance.
A
The overall approach of the DSM-5 is BEST described as: behavioral. psychodynamic. humanistic. atheoretical.
A
Which statement is TRUE? Major depression is more prevalent among women than men. Major depression is equally prevalent among men and women. Major depression is much more prevalent among men than women. Major depression is somewhat more prevalent among men than women.
A
With respect to schizophrenia, a lack of motivation is to _____ symptoms as abnormal motor behavior is to _____ symptoms. negative; positive positive; negative primary; secondary secondary; primary
A
A research assistant is debriefing her participants. The research assistant is: randomly assigning the participants to conditions. telling participants that their participation is voluntary. telling participants about any deception used in the study. deceiving her participants.
C
Aaron Beck was originally trained as a _____ therapist, but he eventually established _____ therapy. behavior; cognitive psychoanalytic; person-centered psychoanalytic; cognitive behavior; person-centered
C
Abusing alcohol is against one's best interests. Alcohol abuse is therefore considered: atypical. maladaptive. distressing. deviant.
C
Blanche is extremely interested in politics and believes an upcoming election is very important to the future. Blanche would MOST likely be persuaded by a campaign message relying on the _____ route to persuasion. secondary peripheral central primary
C
A small request is more often granted after a larger one is first refused. This is the _____ technique. self-serving foot-in-the-door false consensus door-in-the-face
D
Aidan is sweating and nauseous. His heart is racing, and he feels as if he might die. Aidan is suffering from: social anxiety disorder. specific phobia. generalized anxiety disorder. panic disorder.
D
Bipolar I disorder is to bipolar II disorder as _____ is to _____. dysthymia; hypomania mania; hypomania hypomania; mania dysthymia; major depression
D
In the context of the key elements of a therapeutic alliance, _____ listening is the ability to pick up on the content and emotions behind words in order to understand a client's perspective, often by echoing the main point of what the client says. discriminative appreciative casual active
D
Sally dreads making presentations at work; she feels intensely afraid that her coworkers are evaluating her negatively. She is also apprehensive when she visits restaurants because she believes the other diners are scrutinizing her. Sally seems to suffer from: social phobia. panic disorder. specific phobia. generalized anxiety disorder.
D
The MOST common hallucinations in schizophrenia are: kinesthetic. olfactory. visual. auditory.
D
Todd is attracted to his therapist. His attraction reflects the feelings he had toward his mother when he was a young boy in the midst of the Oedipal conflict. Todd's experience illustrates: resistance. repression. free association. transference.
D