"First Aid- Chapter 19: Heat-Related Illnesses and Cold-Related Emergencies"

A person suffering from hypothermia needs to be moved gently. Why? Sudden movement can cause a heart arrhythmia. Sudden movement can cause a seizure. Sudden movement can result in muscle rigidity and spasm. Sudden movement can warm the person too quickly. The victim could experience shock.

Sudden movement can cause a heart arrhythmia.

True or false: A person can develop a heat-related illness or cold-related emergency solely when extreme temperatures occur.

False

True or false: The surrounding air must be below freezing before hypothermia can occur.

False

Which of the following would least likely affect the body's ability to maintain its temperature? Intense activity Low humidity level Brisk wind Extreme air temperature

Low humidity level

The body loses the majority of heat through which mechanism? Convection Conduction Evaporation Radiation

Radiation

If exposed to the same conditions, which person would be at greatest risk for a heat-related illness or cold-related emergency? A 28-year-old female office worker who drinks coffee throughout the day A 52-year-old woman who takes a diuretic A 33-year-old male construction worker working outside A 70-year-old male with diabetes and heart disease

A 70-year-old male with diabetes and heart disease

Exertional heat exhaustion can usually be reversed by ____ resting in a cool place drinking a sports drink loosening clothing and applying cool towels All of the above B & C

All of the above

Which of the following are signs or symptoms of dehydration? Fatigue and weakness Headache and irritability Nausea and dizziness Excessive thirst and dry lips and mouth All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following precautions can you take to avoid developing a heat-related illness or a cold-related emergency? Avoid being outdoors in the hottest or coldest part of the day. Change your activity level according to the temperature. Drink large amounts of fluids before, during and after activity. Do not drink fluids containing caffeine or alcohol. All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following would you identify as indicating frostbite? Glassy stare Waxy, discolored skin Impaired judgment Apathy All of the above

Waxy, discolored skin

Hypothermia can occur when body temperature drops below: 80° F. 95° F. 98.6° F. 90° F.

95° F.

A person begins to feel cooler when a breeze moves over the skin. Which mechanism is involved? Evaporation Radiation Convection Conduction

Convection

Which of the following might be a sign of exertional heat exhaustion? Cool, moist, pale skin Severe muscle contractions High body temperature Slow, irregular heartbeat

Cool, moist, pale skin

Which of the following would be a factor that a person could control to help prevent heat-related illnesses or cold-related emergencies? Humidity level Wind Air temperature Clothing worn

Clothing worn

The normal body temperature is: 39° C. 35° C. 98.6° F. 96.8° F.

98.6° F.

Frostbite most commonly occurs in the ________ Fingers Toes Ears Nose All of the above

All of the above

True or false: Most heat-related illnesses are self-correcting if care is not given.

False

True or false: The best way to care for frostbite is by vigorously rubbing the area of the body you think might be affected.

False

Exercise-associated muscle cramps: Occur in the involuntary muscles of the body. Happen primarily after the body temperature is unusually high. Usually occur in the muscles of the arms and neck. Involve painful spasms of skeletal muscles.

Involve painful spasms of skeletal muscles.

Which of the following would lead you to suspect that a person is experiencing worsening dehydration? Dizziness Increased perspiration Headache Lack of tears

Lack of tears

When you have to work outside on a hot, summer day, you should wear: Dark-colored, polyfiber clothing. Light-colored, heavy-weight clothing. Dark-colored, woolen clothing. Light-colored clothing.

Light-colored clothing.

You are walking past a construction site on a hot day when you notice one of the workers staggering about. The man is sweating profusely and tells you that he feels weak and dizzy. Which action would be most appropriate for you to do first? Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. Rapidly cool the person by immersing them in cold water. Move the person to a cooler environment. Douse them with cold-water-soaked towels.

Move the person to a cooler environment.

Excess heat is removed from the body when blood vessels: Near the skin dilate, bringing more warm blood to the surface. Near the lungs dilate, bringing more warm gases out through the lungs. Near the skin constrict, keeping blood from being warmed at the surface. Near the heart constrict, reducing blood flow and bodily activity.

Near the skin dilate, bringing more warm blood to the surface.

Frostbite refers to freezing: Deep within the affected tissue. On a superficial level. Primarily in the extremities. Of body tissues.

Of body tissues.

A sign of hypothermia that is present in the early stages of the condition but which may disappear as hypothermia progresses is ________. Glassy stare Waxy, discolored skin Impaired judgment Apathy Shivering

Shivering

If the body's initial reaction to cold does not work, which of the following occurs next? Coughing Exercising Sweating Shivering

Shivering

True or false: Exercise-associated muscle cramps are an early indication that the body's normal temperature-regulating mechanism is not working efficiently.

True

Which body temperature would suggest the possibility of heat stroke? 104.4° F 102.5° F 101.4° F 103.2° F

104.4° F

It is a typical late-fall day and your father has been outside for a good part of the day working in the yard. When he enters the house, he is visibly shivering and appears to be somewhat confused and disoriented. His clothing is soaked (apparently from working with the garden hose). Which of the following would be appropriate to do first? Have your father drink a warm liquid. Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. Replace your father's wet clothing with dry clothing. Gradually rewarm your father's body.

Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number.

You find your older adult neighbor sitting on the front steps of his house. He is awake and alert. He tells you that he accidentally locked himself out. Your neighbor has been outside in the cold and snow for several hours and tells you that he can't feel his feet anymore. Which of the following would you suspect? Frostbite Stroke Hypothermia Seizure Hyperthermia

Frostbite

Care for a person suffering from an exercise-associated muscle cramp includes: Giving the person a sports drink. Vigorously massaging the affected muscle(s). Having the person take a salt tablet. Rapidly transporting the person to a hospital. Covering them with a blanket to maintain body heat.

Giving the person a sports drink.

Your next-door neighbor has been working outside all day on a project in her backyard. When you go over to visit her, you find her sitting outside on a lawn chair. Your neighbor seems to be disoriented and has rapid, shallow breathing. Her skin is also moist, bright red and hot to the touch. Which of the following might you suspect? Heat stroke Exertional heat exhaustion Exercise-associated muscle cramps Dehydration

Heat stroke

Which statement best describes the difference between heat stroke and exertional heat exhaustion? Heat stroke is the most common form of heat-related illness. Exertional heat exhaustion is considered a life-threatening situation. Exertional heat exhaustion occurs when the body's cooling mechanisms are overwhelmed. Heat stroke can result in death if the body is not cooled.

Heat stroke can result in death if the body is not cooled.

Certain people are at greater risk for heat-related illnesses and/or cold-related emergencies. Identify the one that is least likely to be at risk. Those who work or exercise strenuously in a warm, hot and humid or cold environment. Those with pre-existing health problems. Those who use medications to eliminate water from the body. Those who do not maintain adequate hydration. Middle age adult.

Middle age adult.

A person suffering from heat stroke may not be sweating. Not sweating can result in: Ineffective body cooling and a rapidly rising body temperature. Low levels of bodily fluids causing tremors or convulsions. Heart and kidney failure as a result of fluid retention. The more serious condition of exertional heat exhaustion.

Ineffective body cooling and a rapidly rising body temperature.

Which of the following would be most appropriate to do when giving care to a person with minor frostbite of the toes? Secure the toes closely against one another. Bandage the entire foot from ankle to toes tightly with a clean dressing. Rewarm the toes gently using skin-to-skin contact. Gently warm the toes in a container of hot water. Gently warm the toes in a container of cool water.

Rewarm the toes gently using skin-to-skin contact.

A person is experiencing dehydration. The person is awake and able to swallow. You give them a sports drink. Which of the following would you tell the person to do? Sip at a slow pace. Drink the full glass over 30 seconds. Take a sip to moisten your mouth and then spit it out. Gargle with the drink and then swallow.

Sip at a slow pace.