BIOL 2274 - Chapter 7 Review
The thoracic cage consists of __________ pairs of ribs.
12
The thoracic cage consists of how many pairs of ribs?
12
Standard number of bones in the appendicular skeleton?
126
Total number of true ribs?
14
Total number of carpals?
16
Total number of metacarpals and metatarsals?
20
Standard number of bones in the adult?
206
How many total ribs does a person normally have?
24
Total number of vertebrae?
33 (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 4 coccygeal)
The vertebral column consists of __________ major curvatures.
4
Number of vertebrae fused together that result in the sacrum?
5
Total number of phalanges?
56
Total number of ossicles?
6
Number of tarsals in one extremity?
7
The vertebral column typically consists of __________ cervical vertebrae, __________ thoracic vertebrae, and __________ lumbar vertebrae.
7, 12, 5
The vertebral column consists of __________ cervical vertebrae, __________ thoracic vertebrae, __________ lumbar vertebrae, __________ sacrum and __________ coccygeal bone.
7, 12, 5, 1, 1
How many cranial bones are in the skull?
8
Number of carpals in one extremity?
8
Number of cranial bones?
8
Standard number of bones in the axial skeleton?
80
Select all that apply. Identify the functions of the hyoid bone. A. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of swallowing B. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of the tongue C. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of speech D. Protects the larynx E. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of mastication
A. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of swallowing B. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of the tongue C. Provides a point of attachment for muscles of speech
Select all that apply. What are the components of the thoracic cage? A. Sternum B. Thoracic vertebrae C. Scapula D. Clavicle E. Ribs
A. Sternum B. Thoracic vertebrae E. Ribs
Select all that apply. The structures that are given protection by the axial skeleton are the: A. Abdominal organs B. Brain C. Organs within the thorax D. Muscles of the legs E. Spinal cord
B. Brain C. Organs within the thorax E. Spinal cord
Select all that apply. Which of the following bones are a part of the forearm? A. Tibia B. Radius C. Ulna D. Humerus
B. Radius C. Ulna
Which of the following is found inferior to the maxilla and has a posterior articulation with the temporal bone? A. Parietal B. Palatine Bone C. Mandible D. Zygomatic E. Sphenoid
C. Mandible
Which of the following bones is paired? A. Occipital B. Vomer C. Temporal D. Sphenoid E. Mandible
C. Temporal
Which of the following statements concerning the vertebrae is TRUE? A. The first cervical vertebra is called the axis. B. The spinal cord protects the vertebral column. C. Thoracic vertebrae have long, thin spinous processes. D. The sacral vertebrae are superior to the lumbar vertebrae. E. Lumbar vertebrae are generally smaller than thoracic vertebrae.
C. Thoracic vertebrae have long, thin spinous processes.
Which of the following bones forms part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity? A. Vomer B. Sphenoid C. Nasal D. Inferior nasal conchae E. Frontal
D. Inferior nasal conchae
Which of the following facial bones is correctly matched with its function? A. Temporal - is part of the orbit B. Zygomatic - provides attachment point for temporalis muscle C. Vomer - forms the hard palate D. Maxilla - possesses sockets for teeth E. Inferior nasal conchae - contain nasolacrimal canals
D. Maxilla - possesses sockets for teeth
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton? A. Scapula B. Clavicle C. Radius D. Rib E. Hipbone
D. Rib
The thumb and big toe are similar in that: A. both contain carpal bones. B. each have three metatarsals. C. both are composed of sesamoid bones. D. both have two rather than three phalanges. E. both have three rather than two phalanges.
D. both have two rather than three phalanges.
Which of the following anatomical features of bones is correctly matched with its function? A. Tubercle - lining of a joint B. Foramen - a depression in a bone C. Body - attachment point for a tendon or ligament D. Sinus - a tunnel in a bone E. Foramen - a hole for a blood vessel
E. Foramen - a hole for a blood vessel
True or False: In general, the bones of the pelvic girdle are thicker, lighter, and longer than those of the upper limb.
False
True or False: The right and left coccyx join each other anteriorly and the sacrum posteriorly to form the pelvic girdle.
False
True or False: The intervertebral discs are pads of hyaline cartilage found between bodies of adjacent vertebrae
False - Fibrocartilage
True or False: The cervical and thoracic regions are concave anteriorly.
False - Posteriorly
True or False: There are typically 5 major curvatures associated with the adult vertebral column.
False The adult vertebral column has 5 regions but only 4 major curvatures.
True or False: The intervertebral foramina are openings where the spinal nerves exit the spinal cord.
True
True or False: The pelvic girdle is attached much more firmly to the body than the pectoral girdle.
True
True or False: There are five regions of the adult vertebral column, and there are four major curvatures.
True
The head of the femur articulates with the __________ of the hip bone.
acetabulum
The head of the femur forms the hip joint by articulating with the __________.
acetabulum
The cervical region of the spinal column curves __________.
anteriorly
The __________ skeleton consists of bones of the upper limbs, the lower limbs, the pectoral girdle, and the pelvic girdle.
appendicular
The first cervical vertebrae is the __________.
atlas ("yes" movement) (axis is "no" movement)
The __________ skeleton consists of bones of the skull, the auditory ossicles, the hyoid bone, the vertebral column, and the thoracic cage.
axial
The brain and spinal cord are protected by bones of the __________ skeleton.
axial
The solid bony disk of each vertebrae is called the vertebral __________.
body
The axial skeleton protects the __________, the spinal cord, and the vital organs within the thorax.
brain
Bones of the pectoral girdle include the __________ and the __________.
clavicle, scapula
The __________ does NOT form part of the pelvic girdle but it does get included if you list the bones of the PELVIS.
coccyx
The bones of the pelvis are the bones of the pelvic girdle and the __________.
coccyx
Which bones of the skull protect the brain? Cranial or facial?
cranial
The head of the ulna is on its __________ end. Distal or proximal?
distal
Which bones form the nasal septum?
ethmoid and vomer
Andrew is in a car accident and fractures his maxilla. To which group of bones does this belong?
face
What type of ribs? - Inferior 5 ribs - Articulate with thoracic vertebrae, may articulate with costal cartilage but does not directly join with the sternum
false ribs (includes floating ribs)
What part of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bones?
femoral head
The condyles at the proximal end of the tibia articulate with the __________ bone.
femur
Which bone articulates with the condyles at the proximal end of the tibia?
femur
A patient in a skiing accident is told that the lateral side of the ankle joint has been crushed. The bone that has been injured is the __________.
fibula
Certain skull bones and ribs are examples of __________ bones.
flat
The condyles of the tibia are __________.
flat
What type of ribs? - Pairs 11 and 12 - Articulate only with thoracic vertebrae and no other bone type
floating ribs
Bone Features: A hole in a bone
foramen
Bone Features: The general term for a depression on a bone
fossa
Bone Features: A little pit found in a bone
fovea
The axial skeleton contains bones of the __________.
head
The bone that extends from the shoulder to the elbow is the __________.
humerus
A coroner determines the cause of death to be strangulation because this delicate bone is fractured. Which bone is this?
hyoid
The bone in the neck that does not articulate with any other bone is the __________ bone.
hyoid
What bone provides an attachment point for tongue muscles and the neck muscles that elevate the larynx during speech or swallowing?
hyoid
The opening between the pedicles of two successive vertebrae is called the __________ foramen.
intervertebral
The site where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column is the __________ __________.
intervertebral foramen
Which foramen is an opening between the pedicles of two successive vertebrae? They allow passage of the spinal nerves.
intervertebral foramen
The styloid process of the ulna is on the __________ side of its distal end. Medial or lateral?
lateral
Bones of the upper and lower limbs that are longer than they are wide are called __________ bones.
long
The sternum is composed of three parts, which are the __________ that articulates with the clavicles, the __________ that articulates with the ribs, and the xiphoid process.
manubrium, body
What are the 3 parts of the sternum?
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
A developing embryo has __________ vertebrae than an adult. More or fewer?
more
A person who gets hit on the back of the head might suffer injury to which bone?
occipital
The clavicle and scapula make up the __________ girdle.
pectoral
The pelvis includes all of the bones of the __________ girdle and the coccyx.
pelvic
Two hip bones and the sacrum form the __________ girdle.
pelvic
The left and right coxal bones together with the sacrum form the __________ __________.
pelvic girdle
Bone Features: A prominent projection on a bone
process
The bones of the forearm include the __________ and the __________.
radius, ulna
Which bones are included in the pelvic girdle?
right and left coxal bones, sacrum
What bones form the pelvis?
right and left coxal bones, sacrum, coccyx
Wrist bones that are round or nearly cube-shaped are classified as __________ bones.
short
Bone Features: A cavity found in a bone lined with mucous membranes
sinus
What runs through the vertebral foramen?
spinal cord
The bony ridge in the figure is called the __________ of the scapula.
spine
The anterior boundary of the "rib cage" is the __________.
sternum
The components of the thoracic cage are the thoracic vertebrae, __________, and __________.
sternum, ribs
The immovable joints between cranial bones are called __________.
sutures
A person who has cerebrospinal fluid draining from the ear probably has a fracture of the __________ bone.
temporal
The femur is also known as the __________ bone.
thigh
The ribs articulate with the __________ vertebrae.
thoracic
The two bones of the lower leg are the __________ and the __________.
tibia, fibula
What bones make up the lower leg?
tibia, fibula
Those ribs that attach directly to the sternum are referred to as __________ ribs.
true
What type of ribs? - Superior 7 ribs - Articulate with thoracic vertebrae and directly with the sternum
true ribs
Bone Features: A small rounded bump on a bone
tubercle
The head of the ulna articulates with the radius and __________ __________.
wrist bones
The most inferior portion of the sternum is the __________ __________.
xiphoid process
Getting a kiss on the cheek means the __________ bone is involved.
zygomatic
