First Test Assignments
The primary functions of performance management include
1. Guiding employee training and development 2. Communicating the employee behavior that is being sought 3. Making decisions related to employees such as pay raises
Fundamental characteristics of action plans include
1. Incorporating specific time limits 2. Being specific about what will be achieved 3. Focusing on results
Reinforcement theory states that you can:
1. Increase desired behaviors by providing pleasing consequences 2. Strengthen desired behaviors by withdrawing a displeasing consequence
The benefits of managing emails well include:
1. Increased teamwork 2. Reduced costs of distributing information
The Darwinian perspective attributes deference sin interpersonal communication styles for:
1. Inherited biological differences between the sexes 2. Different drives, needs, and conflicts between men and women 3. Gender differences associated with reproductive strategies
It is important to recall that the meaning of nonverbal cues:
1. Is different in various cultures 2. Is dependent on context and culture 3. Is subjective
Research has found it is important to use two-way communication and to follow up after disciplinary acts because
1. It is affected by the supervisor's use of apologies and explanations 2. It is perceived differently based on the sex of the person delivering it 3. It is perceived differently based on the cultural characteristics of the person delivering it
Which of the following describe a highly complex situation?
1. It lacks clarity 2. It is difficult to analyze
Two examples of behavior goals are
1. Listen tot others during meetings without interrupting 2. Communicate progress clearly to others in my work group
The negative impacts of social media use by employees at their workplace include:
1. Losing productivity 2. Providing an advantage to a competitor
Social media has eroded privacy and it is important to recognize that your reputation and your employer's can be damaged in the following ways:
1. Loss of employment or business 2. Social stigma 3. Legal action
A recent McKinsey survey revealed that which of the following were more valued as motivators than financial incentives?
1. Lunch with leaders 2. Chances to lead market research 3. Notes from immediate managers
Which of the following are aspects of both effective performance management and employee engagement?
1. Making expectations clear 2. Offering consistent feedback 3. Looking for ways to help employees be successful
Examples of pay for performance rewards include
1. Merit pay 2. Bonuses
The functions of feedback are to
1. Motivate 2. Instruct
As a manager, knowing the types of rewards others value most in an organization can help you to
1. Motivate others using rewards they value 2. Identify employers with whom you fit
The drawbacks for organizations of e-mails that are not managed well include:
1. Neglect of other media 2. Wasted time and effort 3. Increased costs to store, organize, and monitor
Which of the following are reasons that people do not retain what they hear?
1. Noise 2. Personal listening style
Which of the following can be a source of noise?
1. Nonverbal communication 2. A loud environment 3. Handwriting that is hard to read
Managers can support employees goal achievement by
1. Offering needed training 2. Paying attention to employees reward preferences 3. Supplying timely and task-specific feedback
Components of the performance management process includes:
1. Overseeing performance 2. Creating consequences 3. Defining expectations
Total rewards offered by an organization may include:
1. Personal growth opportunities such as training 2. Compensation such as base pay and other monetary incentives 3. Benefits such as health and wellness and retirement funds
Examples of nonverbal communication include:
1. Posture 2. Eye contact 3. Touching
Some examples of intrinsic rewards include:
1. Providing donations to a food cupboard 2. Completing quarterly financial statements without errors
Which of the following should be done to be an effective listener?
1. Put in the effort 2. Focus on message content 3. Be motivated
The factors that affect perceptions of feedback include:
1. Reasonable goals or standards 2. Accuracy of the feedback 3. Fairness of the system
Which of the following are desired outcomes of an organization's reward system?
1. Retain talented people 2. Foster personal growth 3. Attract and motivate talented people
The three common sources of feed back are:
1. Self 2. Others 3. Tasks
List the steps in the communication process in order:
1. Sender encodes a message 2. Message is transmitted through a medium 3. Receiver decodes the message 4. Receiver sends feedback through a medium
Executives and high-level managers are able to get more accurate feedback about their own performance if they
1. Separate feedback form the performance review process 2. Seek it by creating an open, honest environment 3. Collect feedback anonymously
Effective feedback can be see in organization to
1. Share information about work quality 2. Ensure agreement on expectations 3. Give a road map to success
SMART goals are those that include which of the following characteristics?
1. Specific 2. Time bound 3. Results oriented
In Asian cultures, eye contact is avoided to demonstrate
1. Submissiveness 2. Deference
When people communicate, they do which of the following?
1. They take part in a process that involves two parties 2. They decipher the information they exchange 3. They process the information they exchange
Tips for handling e-mail effectively include:
1. Using a spell checker 2. Being professional and courteous
Among the "don'ts" of providing feedback are:
1. Using feedback to embarrass or humiliate an employee 2. Providing very complex feedback that is difficult to understanding
Which of the following actions are needed to be empathetic?
1. Using observations about others' feelings in communications with them 2. Noticing others' emotions
Undesirable behavior can be reduced by
1. Using punishment 2. Ignoring it
Although most employers rely on fixed interval reinforcement schedules, some examples of effective variable rewards include:
1. Variable bonuses for achieving major goals 2. Spot rewards 3. Celebrations of milestones
The reinforcement schedules that can produce the strongest behavior that is most resistant to extinction include
1. Variable ratio schedules 2. Variable interval schedules
Researchers estimate that typical listeners only retain 20-50 percent of what they hear because
1. We think faster than people speak 2. We may not be motivated to make the effort to listen 3. Underutilized cognitive processes lead to daydreaming
Which of the following describe the instructional function of feedback?
1. When new behaviors are taught 2. When roles are made more clear
Which of the following describes the instructional function of feedback?
1. When roles are made more clear 2. When new behaviors are taught
Which of the following describe when feedback is motivational?
1. When there is promise of a reward 2. When it is a reward
The antecedents of defensive behavior include words or body language such as:
1. You need to 2. You always
Discussions between two or more people become crucial conversations when:
1. emotions are strong 2. Opinions vary 3. The stakes are high
Rating an employee average on all dimensions is called
Central tendency
Communication can be defined as a transaction that is
Circular
Explain what information can and cannot be shared online and provide an approval process is called
Clarify what is confidential
A significant difference exists between generations in the norms about the use of ____________
Communication
Feedback is only positive or negative when
Compared to a goal
If a target behavior is rewarded every time it occurs, then it is a
Continuous reinforcement schedule
Jordan sells on commission and is paid for every sale. This is an example of a
Continuous reinforcement schedule
Open lines of communication employees can use without retaliation is called
Create safe channels for employees to voice concerns
Trust the person delivering the feedback to be honest is
Credibility of the source
When a message in interpreted, which of the following is taking place?
Decoding
Crossing your legs can send a nonverbal message of
Defensiveness
The first step in the goal-setting process is to
Define clear goals
More of what is desired such as achieving sales goals is
Desired outcome
Body language includes lack of eye contact, slouching, and inattention is called
Detached
Results, behaviors, actions, and nonperformance factors such as equity are examples of
Distribution criteria for rewards
Writing a message, before determining whether to deliver it via Twitter or Facebook, is an example of
Encoding
Make it safe for others to share their opposing views. Find a mutual purpose?
Encourage testing
An example of a project goal is
Finish the productivity reports for the end
Bi-weekly paychecks
Fixed interval
Piece rate pay is
Fixed ratio
Which of the following is added to oral communication because of nonverbal communication?
Flavor
Expectations and norms about communications differ across
Generations
It is important to provide clear guidance on ho to improve performance when:
Giving both positive and negative feedback
Rating an employee high arose all dimensions because they dress well is called
Halo
the physical component of listening is
Hearing
It is important to monitor progress toward goal achievement in order to
Identify problems while pursuing a goal
According to Jim Boomer, a professional service firm consultant, employees will go through the motions, but won't buy into a firm's performance management system:
If senior managers don't also hold themselves accountable for their goals.
An example of an objective goal is
Increase sales by 10%
Involving employees in the design, selection, and assessment of reward systems:
Increases their effectiveness as motivators
Which of the following exemplifies a performance goal?
Increasing sales by 10% in a period
Effective feedback includes which of the following?
Information
Media that is more rich results in which of the following outcomes?
Information is better communicated
Fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval are four subcategories of ___________ reinforcement schedules.
Intermittent
Reinforcement of some, but not all instances of a target behavior is ___________ Reinforcement.
Intermittent
Reflect what is said and partially participate is called
Involved
Which of the following can serve as a message foundation?
Language
Rating an employee high across all dimensions regardless of actual performance is called
Leniency
The process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages is
Listening
Providing your boss with upward feedback is known as
Managing up
The capacity of a given medium to convey information and promote understanding is
Media richness
Method of communicating the message is the
Medium
Information is called the
Message
Which of the following is a benefit of nonverbal communication?
More accurate interpretation of a message
Nonperformance considerations are
Nature of the work
Jamie is on time for work every day now because her manager yelled at her when she was late. Now that she is on time, her manager doesn't yell at her. This is an example of
Negative reinforcement
Anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of a message is
Noise
Interference with the message is called
Noise
When there is physical distance, the misunderstanding of a message occurs because of
Noise
No sales in sales goal achievements is called
Nothing
Which of the following can be equally effective as monetary rewards?
One-on-one time with top leadership
Skinner labeled behavior that is learned when one acts on the environment to produce desired consequences ___________ behavior.
Operant
Inform employees that they are responsible for what they post, on the job behavior, and when they are representing the company is called
Outline consequences for violations
Repeat back what you just heard someone say is called
Paraphrase
Assume the speaker is responsible for the interaction is
Passive
The term linguistic style primarily describes a
Pattern of speaking
The monetary incentives that link a portion of pay directly to results or accomplishments is
Pay for performance
The monetary incentives that link a portion of pay directly to results or accomplishments are known as _____ for _______________.
Pay, performance
A process that defines expectations, evaluates performance against the expectations, and ensures consequences is ____________ _______________.
Performance management
The performance evaluation method known as 360-degree feedback is useful because it:
Provides performance evaluation from peers, subordinates, and managers
The process of weakening an undesired behavior by the contingent presentation of something displeasing or the withdrawal of something positive is
Punishment
Nobody has ever reached the goal and received the bonus is
Reasonableness of the goals
The person or group for whom the message is intended is the
Receiver
Rating gan employee low for the year based on one late report at the end of the year is called
Recency
Skinner concluded that behavior is
Respondent and operant
The step in the performance management process when feedback and coaching are delivered
Reviewing performance
Person who wants to communicate information is called
Sender
The acronym SMART refers to which step in the goal-setting process?
Setting goals
Start with the least controversial elements that support what you want is called
Share your facts
Give the speaker the opportunity to explain his/her ideas is called
Show respect
The theory that there is a purposeful if then link between a target behavior and a consequence is
Skinner's operant theory
Integrate or consolidate an entire conversation is called
Summarize
You're telling a story, not stating facts. Facts first, then add the impact on you via your story is called?
Talk tentatively
Behavior is
Teamwork
Describe how you've arrived where you are and what you'd like to see change and why is called
Tell your story
Consideration, benefits, and personal growth opportunities are all part of an organization's:
Total rewards
Employee provide unrealistic delivery dates to increase sales is called
Undesired side-effects
Pop quizzes are
Variable interval
In which of the following cultures are children taught to maintain eye contact with their parents?
Western
Which of the following is the fourth step in implementing a goal-setting program?
Writing an action plan
Research has found that pay for performance
has a modest impact on performance quantity
Results are
profits
Feedback is more likely to be acted upon when it is seen as instrumental to achieving a __________ or __________ outcome
valued, important
Slot machines are
variable ratio
A performance based index of an individual's abilities to effectively use communication behaviors in a given context is communication
competence
The key sources of nonverbal messages include?
1. Gestures 2. Facial expressions 3. Touch
Women's communication styles are more likely to include
1. Giving tactful feedback 2. Sharing credit for success
An important factor in the perception of feedback is the fundamental ________ bias
attribution
Exit interviews provide:
1. Accurate information about why employees leave 2. Guidance on what an organization does well 3. Guidance on what an organization needs to improve
Which of the following are aspects of a learning goal?
1. Adding to a skill set 2. Learning new knowledge
Which of the following are media through which a message can be communicated?
1. An in person discussion 2. A text message 3. A phone call
SMART goals are those that include which of the following characteristics
1. Attainable 2. Measurable 3. Specific
Negative feedback should be administered carefully to
1. Avoid damaging self-efficacy 2. Avoid creating defensiveness
Which of the following statements are true of Thorndike's law of effect?
1. Behaviors with unfavorable consequences tend to disappear 2. Behaviors with favorable consequences tend to be repeated
The characteristics of effective coaching include
1. Being developmental 2. Specific performance goals
Commitment to goals can be promoted by
1. Breaking them down into smaller or intermediate goals 2. Imagining how you will feel when you achieve them
Which of the following promote goal commitment?
1. Creating a record of your goals 2. Giving yourself a reward for making progress on your goals
Components of the performance management process include:
1. Creating consequence 2. Overseeing performance 3. Defining expectations
Rank the steps in a performance management system with the first step on top and the last on the bottom
1. Define performance 2. Evaluate performance 3. Review performance 4. Give consequences
Problems for employers resulting from social media can be prevented or reduced by developing a policy that:
1. Describes who, how, and when social media can be used 2. Describes the purposes for which social media can be used 3. States the consequences for noncompliance of social media usage
List the four steps in the goal-setting process with the first step at the top and the last step on the bottom
1. Determine goals 2. Encourage goal commitment 3. Give support 4. Form an action plan
The key components of an organizational reward system include:
1. Distribution criteria 2. Desired outcomes 3. Types of rewards
In oral communication, which of the following are more clearly understood because of nonverbal communication?
1. Emotions 2. Attitudes
It is possible to improve communications between the sexes and generations by
1. Employing a variety of communication media 2. Avoiding assumptions based on sex or age
Which of the following is an aspect of a performance management process function
1. Explaining the reason to terminate employment 2. Locating a need for employee development
Arrange the media in the list with the richest on top
1. Face to Face conversations 2. Telephone conversations 3. Email blasts
Which of the following are factors that can affect the richness of a media?
1. Feedback's speed 2. The media type 3. The message's channel
Which of the following statements about social media are correct?
1. Formal policies and procedures about social media are needed in organizations 2. Social media can benefit an organization if used correctly 3. Social media can create many legal, financial, and personal risks if not managed well.
List the TED five step protocol for effective presentations with the first step at the top:
1. Frame your story 2. Plan your delivery 3. Develop your stage presence 4. Plan your multimedia 5. Put it together
A performance goal is related to:
Achieving a defined outcome
Motivated, give full attention, and participate is called
Active
Measure the right things in the right way is
Accuracy
Male communication styles are more___________ and they often hide their ____________
Aggressive, emotions
Talk "with", not "at" others, Create dialog. Don't be accusatory. Use "I" instead of "you"? is called
Ask for other's facts and stories
Defensiveness occurs when people believe they are being __________ or threatened.
Attacked
Don't try to anticipate what will be said next or what you will say is called
Be mindful
Comparing actual performance to a previously set goal is the step in the performance management process called:
Evaluating performance
Explain what information is proprietary, trademarked, and copyrighted is called?
Explain what is considered illegal
Weakening a behavior by not reinforcing it or ignoring it is
Extinction
True or False: Feedback can only occur when the original receiver expresses a reaction to the sender's message
FALSE
True or False: Goal setting is most effective when it is general and open ended enough for flexibility
FALSE
Only family members receive pay raises is
Fairness of the system
A customized process between two or more people with the intention of enhancing learning and motivation change is
coaching