Fluid and Electrolytes: Balance and Disturbance Part 6

HCO3− Arterial Blood _______ HCO3− Mixed Venous Blood _______ Base excess/deficit Arterial Blood _______ Base excess/deficit Mixed Venous Blood _______

22-26 mEq/L 19-25 mEq/L ±2 mEq/L ±5 mEq/L

PCO2 Arterial Blood _______ PCO2 Mixed Venous Blood _______ PO2a Arterial Blood _______ PO2a Mixed Venous Blood _______

35-45 mm Hg 38-52 mm Hg >80 mm Hg 24-48 mm Hg

pH Arterial Blood _______ pH Mixed Venous Blood _______ Oxygen saturation (SaO2%) Arterial Blood _______ Oxygen saturation (SaO2%) Mixed Venous Blood _______

7.35-7.45 7.32-7.42 >94% 65%-75%

Anion Gap With Potassium Reduced or Negative Anion Gap _______ Normal Anion Gap _______ High Anion Gap _______

<12 12-16 mEq/L >16

Anion Gap Without Potassium Reduced or Negative Anion Gap _______ Normal Anion Gap _______ High Anion Gap _______

<8 8-12 mEq/L >12

Clinical Significance Reduced or Negative Anion Gap _______ Normal Anion Gap _______ High Anion Gap _______

Hypoproteinemia Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis High anion gap metabolic acidosis

Generally, IV fluids are given to achieve 3 goals:

To provide water, electrolytes, and nutrients to meet daily requirements To replace water and correct electrolyte deficits To administer medications and blood products