FND 210 - Module 13 - Ear
audiogram
(graphic) record of hearing
HOH
hard of hearing
otosclerosis
hardening of the ear (stapes) (caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss)
audi/o
hearing
presbycusis
hearing impairment in old age
mastoidotomy
incision into the mastoid bone
myringotomy
incision into the tympanic membrane (performed to release pus or fluid and relieve pressure in the middle ear) (also called tympanocentesis)
otomastoiditis
inflammation of the ear and the mastoid bone
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the labyrinth
mastoiditis
inflammation of the mastoid bone
otitis media (OM)
inflammation of the middle ear
otitis externa
inflammation of the outer ear
myringitis
inflammation of the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
labyrinth/o
inner ear
audiometer
instrument to measure hearing
otoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
tympanometer
instrument used to measure middle ear (function)
labyrinth/o
labyrinth (inner ear)
mastoid/o
mastoid bone
audiometry
measurement of hearing
tympanometry
measurement of middle ear (function)
tympan/o
middle ear (usually)
combining form of eardrum
myring/o
audiologist
one who studies and specializes in hearing
OM
otitis media
functions of the ear
to hear and to provide the sense of balance.
myring/o
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
middle ear
tympanic membrane (eardrum): semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory meatus and the middle ear cavity and transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles eustachian tube: connects the middle ear and the pharynx ossicles: bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations
vestibul/o
vestibule
otoscopy
visual examination of the ear
meniere disease
chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by a sensation of spinning motion (vertigo), ringing in the ear (tinnitus), aural fullness, and fluctuating hearing loss; symptoms are related to a change in volume or composition of fluid within the labyrinth
cochle/o
cochlea
labyrinth (inner ear)
cochlea: snail-shaped and contains the organ of hearing; connects to the oval window in the middle ear semicircular canals and vestibule: contain receptors and endolymph that help the body maintain its sense of balance mastoid bone and cells: located in the skull bone behind the external auditory meatus
cholesteatoma
cystlike mass composed of epithelial cells and cholesterol occurring in the middle ear; may be associated with chronic otitis media
otorrhea
discharge from the ear (may be serous, bloody, consisting of pus, or containing cerebrospinal fluid)
otopyorrhea
discharge of pus from the ear
aur/i, ot/o
ear
myring/o
eardrum (tympanic membrane)
ENT
ears, nose, throat specialist (otorhinolaryngologist)
labyrinthectomy
excision of the labyrinth
mastoidectomy
excision of the mastoid bone
stapedectomy
excision of the stapes (performed to restore hearing in cases of otosclerosis; the stapes is replaced by a prosthesis)
vertigo
sense that either one's own body (subjective vertigo) or the environment (objective vertigo) is revolving; may indicate inner ear disease
external auditory canal
short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. The inner part lies within the temporal bone of the skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax aka external auditory meatus
we hear sound waves because
sound waves vibrate through the ear, where they are transformed into nerve impulses that are then carried to the brain.
staped/o
stapes (middle ear bone)
audiology
study of hearing
otology
study of the ear (a branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the ear)
tympanoplasty
surgical repair (of the hearing mechanism) of the middle ear (including the tympanic membrane and the ossicles)
myringoplasty
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
ear is made up of three parts
the external ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear, also called the labyrinth.
otomycosis
abnormal condition of fungus in the ear (usually affects the external auditory canal)
AOM
acute otitis media
external ear
auricle (pinna): located on both sides of the head external auditory meatus: short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane
acoustic neuroma
benign tumor within the internal auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve (cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve) may cause hearing loss and may damage structure of the cerebellum as it grows
otalgia
pain in the ear
cochlear
pertaining to the cochlea
cochlear implant
pertaining to the cochlea implant (surgically inserted electronic device that converts sound into electrical impulses. The impulses stimulate the auditory nerve to carry the signal to the brain which learns to interpret the signal as sound. The damaged part of the ear is bypassed.
aural
pertaining to the ear
vestibular
pertaining to the vestibule
Vestibulocochlear
pertaining to the vestibule and the cochlea
otologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear
otolaryngologist (ENT)
physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear, nose, and larynx (throat)
mastoid bone
portion of the temporal bone of the skull posterior and inferior to each auditory canal. aka mastoid process
hearing impairment occurring with age is
presbycusis
Electrocochleography (ECoG)
process of recording the electrical activity in the cochlea (in response to sound)
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
