FNP II: Week 8: HIV
When does the HIV P24 antigen start to increase
10- 15 days after infection
Length of PEP treatment
28 days
Neonate length of treatment if born to an HIV+ mother
4-6 weeks
How long after exposure can PEP be initiated?
72 hours
Testing intervals for newborns born to an HIV+ mother
@ 2 weeks @ 1- 2 months @ 4-6 months @ 12- 18 months
antigen
A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody
Eclipse period of HIV
The time from where a person is exposed to the virus to the time of development of the acute illness
T/F Antiretroviral therapy can decrease the efficacy of Depo
True
T/F HIV can be transmitted through breastmilk
True
PrEP brand names
Truvada Descovy
PrEP regimen
Two antiretroviral medications taken daily
HIV lab abnormalities
anemia thrombocytopenia elevated liver transaminase
inactive vaccines
flu vaccine Tdap pneumococcal hepatitis
Stage 1 HIV
flu-like illness within 2-4 weeks of exposure Viral load high lasts approximately 2 weeks then recovery until the viral load raises again= AIDS Very contagious
HIV viral load goal during pregnancy to reduce the risk of transmission to the baby
less than 1000 **mother can deliver vaginally if under 1000
HIV rash
morbilliform, maculopapular Not itchy May ulcerate
PEP
post exposure prophylaxis
PrEP
pre-exposure prophylaxis
Morbilliform
refers to maculopapular lesions that become confluent on the face and body
confluent
skin lesions that run together
HIV treatment cocktail
two nucleosides and a integrase strand transfer inhibitor
Why is the 4th generation HIV test able to detect earlier than earlier that older versions?
The 4th generation HIV test detects the antigen which begins to rise within the first 15 days; older versions of the test only detect the antibody, which can take up to 45 days to begin rising.
CD4 level to diagnose AIDS
Below 200
CD4 count necessary to administer inactive vaccines
CD4 > 100
CD4 count necessary to administer live vaccines
CD4 > 200
HIV treatment goals
Early treatment to -decrease the risk of transmission --decrease the viral load ---complete recovery of the CD4 count
Type of HIV cases common in USA
HIV 1
HIV test recommended if suspected during childhood
HIV antigen & 4th generation which includes HIV-1 and -2 antibody
Stage 2 HIV infection
Low viral level Contagious
Efficacy of PrEP
PrEP reduces the risk of HIV transmission through sexual activity by 99%; and 74% through IV drug use
Which cells does HIV attack?
T-cells (specifically CD4 T-cells)
