Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology Ch. 14

The four-step process concerning the formation of a coach's expectations and the effects of those expectations on the coach's and athlete's behavior signifies that a. coaches should continually reevaluate an athlete's ability throughout the season b. coaches should carefully monitor their quantity and quality of reinforcement and instructional feedback c. coaches should rely on one source to make ability judgments d. a and b e. a and c

d. a and b

According to Rosenthal and Jacobson's study on teachers' expectancies and students' performances, a. children identified as "late bloomers" exhibited the greatest gains in IQ b. teachers' expectations were not related to IQ scores c. children identified as "late bloomers" exhibited the slightest gains in IQ d. males had higher gains in IQ than females did e. females had higher gains in IQ scores than males did

a. children identified as "late bloomers" exhibited the greatest gains in IQ

Collective efficacy refers to a. each individual's perception of the efficacy of the team as a whole b. the aggregate of each individual's own self-efficacy c. the coach's view of the efficacy of the team as a whole d. the belief that the team can win the championship e. the beliefs that coaches have in athletes and athletes have in coaches

a. each individual's perception of the efficacy of the team as a whole

McAuley and colleagues conducted a study investigating efficacy and adherence for 60- to 80-year-old exercisers over a 12-month period. The participants were asked periodically about their efficacy-related adherence (belief that they would be able to adhere to the exercise program for the upcoming 3 months). When did these exercisers exhibit the LOWEST level of efficacy-related adherence? a. at the beginning of the program b. at the end of the 12-month program c. after 3 months d. after 6 months e. after 9 months

b. at the end of the 12-month program

Research indicates that high-ability golfers relied on _______ for efficacy information whereas lower ability golfers relied on _______ for efficacy information. a. previous practice; handicap b. handicap; previous practice c. coach evaluation; handicap d. coach evaluation; previous practice e. handicap; coach evaluation

b. handicap; previous practice

The strongest and most dependable information on which to base self-efficacy judgments comes from a. vicarious experiences b. performance accomplishments c. emotional states d. verbal persuasion e. physiological states

b. performance accomplishments

Coaching efficacy is composed of all of the following areas except a. game strategy b. playing experience c. motivation d. technique e. character building

b. playing experience

According to recent research on the "hot hand" in basketball, if a coach needed to choose a player to take the last critical shot, he should choose a. the player who has the hot hand b. It doesn't matter whom he chooses. c. the player with the hot hand who is also generally a good shooter d. the player with the hot hand who is generally not a good shooter e. the player who has the weakest defender on him

c. the player with the hot hand who is also generally a good shooter

Which of the following is true? a. Coaches spend more time with high-expectancy athletes. b. Coaches show more positive affect to high-expectancy athletes. c. Coaches spend more time with low-expectancy athletes. d. a and b e. b and c

d. a and b

Which of the following statements regarding self-efficacy is true? a. Efficacy affects behavior change, but behavior change does not affect efficacy. b. Efficacy changes are related to changes in exercise adherence. c. Exercise behavior can influence feelings of efficacy. d. b and c e. a and c

d. b and c