FP130 Final Exam Review
Which amendment to the United States Constitution restricts the presidential term limit? 20 22 1 24
22
How many votes are required to confirm a Supreme Court justice? 218 51 290 67
51
How many justices serve in the Supreme Court today? 100 6 9 5
9
A signing statement is best defined as which of the following? A presidential order to the executive branch that carries the force of law internat'l agreement btwn pres ; another country that doesn't require Senat A released letter explaining how the president's administration plans to in A president's power to reject a law passed by Congress
A released letter explaining how the president's administration plans to in
Which is a way that one of the major political parties can negatively impact a third party's chance of winning? Petition state government to become multi-member districts Add issues that concern third-party voters into their platforms Attempt to form a coalition with the third party Appeal to the Electoral College to keep them off ballots
Add issues that concern third-party voters into their platforms
Where are judicial powers outlined in the United States Constitution? Article III Article I Article IV Article II
Article III
Which best explains how candidate-centered campaigns have weakened influence of political parties on political process? Candidates come to rely heavily on party platforms to gain voter support Candidates refuse to identify w parties in hopes of gaining independents Candidates become less reliant on parties to register citizens to vote Candidates raise campaign funds by appealing to voters and PACs directly
Candidates raise campaign funds by appealing to voters and PACs directly
Which role is the president acting in if they send troops into battle? Party Chief Keeper of the Economy Head of State Commander in Chief
Commander in Chief
Which is most likely to cause tension between the competing values of individualism and rule of law? Mandating all public schools have English-language programs Increasing funding for school lunch programs Reducing environmental regulations Criminalizing the use of recreational drugs like marijuana
Criminalizing the use of recreational drugs like marijuana
Which of the following important functions of democracy would most likely be more difficult without political parties? Raising funds for candidates' campaigns Educating voters on upcoming elections Eliminating the patronage system in the bureaucracy Reducing voter fraud in elections
Educating voters on upcoming elections
The EPA issues a fine to a factory that is not complying with federal regulations on the max pollutants it can release. Enforcement Testifying before Congress Congressional oversight Rulemaking
Enforcement
Which of the following is an enumerated power of Congress? Creating a national bank and appointing employees to the national bank (Cho Negotiating and approving treaties with other countries Generating a budget that addresses both discretionary and mandatory spendin Appointing and confirming justices for the Supreme Court
Generating a budget that addresses both discretionary and mandatory spendin
Which of the following is the best example of an issue network? A Congressional subcommittee on issues facing senior citizens A national organization committed to influencing legislation to promote sma An independent executive agency regulating telecommunications Gov't/private groups opposing proposal for pipeline through Native Am. land
Gov't/private groups opposing proposal for pipeline through Native Am. land
Which of the following is a consequence of the merit system in the bureaucracy? Greater professionalism in the bureaucracy Greater loyalty to the president's party in the bureaucracy Greater fragmentation in the bureaucracy Greater inefficiency in the bureaucracy
Greater professionalism in the bureaucracy
Which summarizes how constituencies affect the campaign strategy of candidates running for US Senate/House? Senator campaigns consider issues affecting narrower range of ideologies House candidates must consider needs of small # of voters Senate campaigns must consider issues the pres thinks are important House candidates must consider issues important to neighbor districts
House candidates must consider needs of small # of voters
Which statement explains how the structural differences between the House and Senate affect the policy making process? Senate members have longer term lengths -- Senate has stronger leadership House members have shorter term lengths- constituents are more influential Senate members have longer term lengths-- constituents are more influential House members have shorter term lengths- House has weaker leadership
House members have shorter term lengths- constituents are more influential
House Committee on Veterans Affairs, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the VFW work on policies to benefit vets. Corporate lobbies Iron triangles Issue networks Political action committees
Iron triangles
Which explains an advantage the majority party in the House of Representatives has in lawmaking? It can assign bills to committees It can place holds on bills on the floor It nominates people for bureaucratic positions It becomes the majority party in the Senate
It can assign bills to committees
Which explains how the 17th Amendment increased democratic participation in the United States? It extended the right to vote to black men It extended the right to vote to women It changed the election process for US senators It changed the minimum voting age from 21 to 18
It changed the election process for US senators
How does the Supreme Court provide a check on the president's foreign policy power? It ratifies foreign treaties. It can remove ambassadors from their post. It determines if treaties are constitutional. It officiates executive agreements.
It determines if treaties are constitutional.
Why does the president have to give a State of the Union address? It's required by the Constitution. The American public petitions the government for it. Major news outlets lobby the government for it. They don't have to; it's just a tradition.
It's required by the Constitution.
Which of the following statements describes judicial activism? Judges interpret the Constitution and declare a law unconstitutional Judges strike down laws that are inconsistent w Constitution understanding Judges use past decisions ; precedents when making decisions in new cases Judges limit exercise of own power to originalist interpretation
Judges strike down laws that are inconsistent w Constitution understanding
Which is an example of how an interest group can act as a linkage institution? NRA sends list of candidates seeking to be elected in the organization American Beverage Association hosts a wine tasting event for new members March for Our Lives conducts letter-writing campaign to key Congressmen AARP sends subscription renewal notices including membership benefits
March for Our Lives conducts letter-writing campaign to key Congressmen
Congress passes a law that the president strongly opposes. What can the President do to oppose the power of Congress? Neither sign nor veto the bill, allowing it to die Persuade members of Congress to vote against the law Declare the law unconstitutional, thereby killing it Refuse to allocate tax money to fund the law
Neither sign nor veto the bill, allowing it to die
Which is responsible for informing electorate about political issues, policymaking, leadership transitions in gov't? Political parties Interest groups News media The federal bureaucracy
News media
Which of the following scenarios is an example of the process of political socialization? Two friends decide to make a "boys-only" clubhouse in the forest A nine year old girl watches a cartoon episode about superheroes A teacher gives a student a detention for punching another student Parents discuss at the dinner table who they are voting for in the election
Parents discuss at the dinner table who they are voting for in the election
Sup Court precedent bans prayer in schools-may violate state powers under Constitution. Congress can__to limit SC power Place term limits on Supreme Court justices Veto parts of the Court's decision Pass legislation changing the court's jurisdiction Fire and replace Supreme Court justices
Pass legislation changing the court's jurisdiction
Which of the following may Congress do to limit the Supreme Court's power? Veto parts of the Court's decisions Appoint additional justices to the Court Pass legislation to limit the Court's jurisdiction Fire and replace justices
Pass legislation to limit the Court's jurisdiction
Which is a legitimate course of action for Congress to take to place a restriction on the Supreme Court? Veto parts of the Court's decision Pass legislation to modify the impact of the decision Send the case to a lower court for a different decision Appoint new justices to the Supreme Court
Pass legislation to modify the impact of the decision
She votes for political candidates whose rhetoric/policy initiatives while in office align w what she wants to be done Rational choice voting Party-line voting Retrospective voting Prospective voting
Prospective voting
never voted in election before, but excited about campaign promises, supports hopeful for achieving policy promises Party-line voting Rational choice voting Prospective voting Retrospective voting
Prospective voting
Which of the following is a characteristic of a reliable scientific poll? Randomized sample Open-ended questions Entire population surveyed Required names for all respondents
Randomized sample
Which of the following policies is likely to create the most tension between free enterprise and rule of law? Banning religious prayer in public schools Raising age to qualify for Social Security benefits to reduce fed deficit Reducing environmental regulations for oil companies Enacting mandatory minimum sentences for non-violent offenses
Reducing environmental regulations for oil companies
Which of the following actions can the states take to limit the Supreme Court's power? Refuse to implement and enforce a ruling by the Court Preventing cases from being sent to the Supreme Court Pass legislation limiting the Supreme Court's jurisdiction File briefs to change the Court's decisions
Refuse to implement and enforce a ruling by the Court
Pres believes Congress has overstepped by requiring states to redraw districts to address gerrymandering, so he can Change the size of the Supreme Court Refuse to implement the decision Place term limits on the Supreme Court justices Fire and replace Supreme Court justices
Refuse to implement the decision
Which of the following government officials does the president appoint? Secretary of state Vice president Speaker of the House Majority party leader
Secretary of state
What Supreme Court case established that race cannot be a main factor for determining voting districts? US v. Lopez (1995) Shaw v. Reno (1993) Baker v. Carr (1962) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Shaw v. Reno (1993)
Which of the following describes a difficulty the judicial branch faces in the policy implementation process? Sup Court justices rarely have opportunity to rule on cases of nat'l imp. Sup Court must rely on the other branches of government to enforce rulings legislative ; executive branches frequently ignore the rulings of Sup Court Sup Court ideological composition shifts when presidents nom new justices
Sup Court must rely on the other branches of government to enforce rulings
Which of the following scenarios is an example of how the media can act as a linkage institution? reporter interviews students /teachers after school-wide fire evacuation political party advertises "Rock the Vote" concert to get ppl 18-21 to vote TV network airs results of public opinion poll projecting pres elect winner political action committee donates to Senator candidate's campaign
TV network airs results of public opinion poll projecting pres elect winner
The power to initiate a tax bill belongs to which part of the legislative branch? The House of Representatives It belongs to a different branch It's a shared power The Senate
The House of Representatives
How does the president influence who works in the executive cabinet? The president confirms their nominations. The president appoints them. The president votes for them. The president can impeach them.
The president appoints them.
Which of the following best explains why the 2004 election does NOT fit the label of a "critical election"? There was as yet no hint of the country's falling into a major recession There was little change in the two parties' major constituencies There were no sharp divisions on the issues between the two parties Dem was mostly urban business liberals; Rep was mostly sub/rural populists
There was little change in the two parties' major constituencies
What is an example of how the minority party can slow down the policymaking process in the Senate? They can filibuster a bill. They can table a bill. They can perform cloture. They can propose different rules for debate.
They can filibuster a bill.
Every ten years congressional redistricting occurs for which of the following reasons? To assign members of the House of Representatives to new committees To reshape political districts to benefit one party over the other To divide a state into new political districts after changes in population To determine how many state legislators will be eligible to run for Congres
To divide a state into new political districts after changes in population
How many senators are distributed to each state? It depends on the state's population size One It depends on the state's geographic size Two
Two
Which is an important structural barrier to third-party and independent candidate success in the US? Multiple-member districts Winner-take-all districts Platform incorporation by major parties Proportional representation
Winner-take-all districts
Which of the following is the name for a business that the government owns and operates? a regulatory commission an executive agency a government corporation an executive department
a government corporation
What is an executive order? a statement that the president adds to a congressional bill a president's policy plans, which they hand over to Congress a president's refusal to approve a bill that Congress passed a presidential directive that has the force of law
a presidential directive that has the force of law
Which of the following is one of the bureaucracy's main responsibilities? approving government agencies' budget requests passing laws that affect the daily functions of the government processing and issuing verdicts on legal cases administering the government's day-to-day operations
administering the government's day-to-day operations
Which explains how a president would use a bully pulpit to achieve policy goals? appeal to Supreme Court to rule conflicting legislation unconstitutional appeal to Congress to create legislation supporting policy goals appeal to public to influence reps to support policy goals appeal to states to pass legislation to support policy goals
appeal to public to influence reps to support policy goals
If you're unhappy with a ruling, you can appeal your case in a higher court. What is this higher court called? moot court trial court district court appellate court
appellate court
What is one example of the president acting as Chief Executive? comforting victims of a natural disaster appointing the leaders of federal agencies writing a signing statement for a bill making agreements with foreign leaders
appointing the leaders of federal agencies
Why is the Rules Committee in the House of Representatives powerful? because it determines when and how a bill will be debated on the floor because it decides who will be the Speaker of the House because it can keep bills in committee because it ensures that debates remain bipartisan
because it determines when and how a bill will be debated on the floor
Which part of an iron triangle gathers information, oversees regulations, and relies on Congress for its funding? congressional subcommittees constituent groups bureaucratic agencies interest groups
bureaucratic agencies
Which explains why Congress gives the federal bureaucracy discretionary authority to implement public policy? bureaucrats appropriate budgets after Congress passes legislation bureaucrats make regulations after Congress passes legislation only bureaucrats can interact with interest groups/public bureaucrats are experts & make best choices on policy implementation
bureaucrats are experts & make best choices on policy implementation
Which of the following best explains how third parties affect the US political system? can restructure state governments to be more responsive to the electorate can win crucial elections at the national level given the right candidates can pass legislation protecting the middle class can shift nat'l attn to particular issues ; influence outcome of elections
can shift nat'l attn to particular issues ; influence outcome of elections
Which explains how the president can limit the Court's power by appointing a new Supreme Court justice? choosing justices who change the ideological leanings of the court increasing total # justices on Court, reducing impact of existing justices decreasing the likelihood of the Supreme Court hearing a case changing the jurisdiction of the Court
choosing justices who change the ideological leanings of the court
Recent poll shows 89% US adults favor expanding solar panel farms throughout the US. Which supports its credibility? conducted over the phone using a random-digit-dialing system adjusted their results after finding more Dem than Rep respondents conducted on Twitter and open to anyone who wished to participate did not report a sampling error on their results
conducted over the phone using a random-digit-dialing system
Which of the following best explains the danger that "attack journalism" poses to political participation? create the impression that all politicians are ineffective and untrustworth turns elections into beauty pageants at the expense of issue debates keep constituents ignorant of important information that could influence focuses more on poll results and speculation, reducing voter interest
create the impression that all politicians are ineffective and untrustworth
Which of the following could the president do through an executive order? direct the government to form a hurricane relief task force sign an agreement with foreign leaders to reduce pollution block a healthcare bill that Congress passed from becoming law remove the director from the Department of Homeland Security
direct the government to form a hurricane relief task force
In 2016, Dem ; Rep presidential nomination processes, more than half the states used closed (not open) primaries. Why? To keep everyone's vote secret encourage party unity, prevent members of other parties voting weakly allow all citizens to vote for preference- greater electoral participation determine slate of electors to vote on behalf of state @ Electoral College
encourage party unity, prevent members of other parties voting weakly
Which best explains why the Voting Rights Act of 1965 has been important to expanding political participation in the US? ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination enforced 15th Amend- prevented states from using legal barriers on blacks reduced the minimum legal age to vote from 21 to 18 introduced required official ID form to register to vote ; reduce fraud
enforced 15th Amend- prevented states from using legal barriers on blacks
Which is true about role media plays in providing citizens with political knowledge? impact election outcome bc reporting affects voter participation determine citizen's core political beliefs holds gov't accountable by acting as a watchdog enhances ppl's access to political info to inform their policy decisions
enhances ppl's access to political info to inform their policy decisions
On Election Day, radio network Guam Live projects pres election results. They poll 350 places after voting across the US entrance poll exit poll tracking poll benchmark poll
exit poll
Which of the following agents of socialization is the most successful at transmitting political ideologies? religious organizations media peers family
family
Why did the Framers decide House members would be elected every 2 years by the People? prevent long term damage to Republic resulting from high constituent influe House members don't live long ; must be replaced by younger members House members are poor ; need to be able to return home to their families increased ability to better serve the most immediate needs of constituents
increased ability to better serve the most immediate needs of constituents
Which statement accurately summarizes the impact of the Marbury v. Madison (1803) decision? increased power of Supreme Court to rule on constitutionality of acts increased power of Congress to carry out enumerated powers est that the Bill of Rights implicitly protects the right to privacy increased states' power to restrict freedom of speech
increased power of Supreme Court to rule on constitutionality of acts
Which of the following is a consequence of consumer-driven media outlets? diverse viewpoints as media conglomerates splinter into smaller companies increase in government propaganda through official state media channels increase programming challenging existing beliefs of partisan viewers increased sensational stories /attack journalism rather than factual report
increased sensational stories /attack journalism rather than factual report
What is the role of officials in the judicial branch? carry out laws amend laws interpret laws write laws
interpret laws
Rep is elected to Senate seat currently held by a Dem (Nov); Dem attends congressional session before turnover (Dec) bipartisan politics gridlock divided government lame-duck
lame-duck
agreeing to support another senator's bill in exchange for his support for your own bill gerrymandering pork barrel legislation logrolling filibuster
logrolling
Bureaucratic rulemaking is best defined as which of the following? making legally binding standards all persons under authority must follow hiring/promoting individuals based on qualifications authority to decide how to implement a law and decide Congress's intention ability to settle debates btwn states/agencies on how to implement a law
making legally binding standards all persons under authority must follow
What is a presidential power that requires approval from the Senate? removing executive officials from their posts meeting with ambassadors from foreign countries making treaties with foreign nations filling administrative vacancies during a recess
making treaties with foreign nations
Which life event would most likely affect an individual's political attitude? changing jobs marriage or divorce graduating highschool moving to a different state
marriage or divorce
What model is used to hire and promote workers based on their qualifications and performance? spoils system merit system political patronage executive agency
merit system
Which provides explanation of how increased media choices have affected partisan polarization? reduced # ppl identifying w political ideology, increasing moderates allows for constant political news --> more informed/engaged electorate more media options to get news --> ppl choose news aligning w own beliefs forces news to remain moderate to avoid losing consumers
more media options to get news --> ppl choose news aligning w own beliefs
Which best explains why a Congressional candidate might use a focus group over a telephone survey? typically more reliable sources of data than telephone surveys usually have more respondents than telephone surveys generally have more diverse respondents than telephone surveys more useful to determine why people have the opinions they do
more useful to determine why people have the opinions they do
Appointments to the president's cabinet are sometimes contentious because? responsible for appointing and confirming White House staff and ambassadors must implement Congress' laws while advocating for Pres agenda must implement Supreme Court decisions, while advocating for Pres agenda must preside over Senate and House to resolve tie votes on legislation
must implement Congress' laws while advocating for Pres agenda
What does the president do when they make an executive agreement? persuade Congress to forward the president's agenda negotiate a plan of action with other world leaders pardon someone who has been convicted of a federal crime fill administrative vacancies during a congressional recess
negotiate a plan of action with other world leaders
What does it mean for a court to issue a writ of certiorari? demands that someone bring themselves or certain evidence to the court orders a lower court to hand records to a higher court for review states that 1+ judges who heard a case disagreed with the court's decision invalidates a decision made by another government official
orders a lower court to hand records to a higher court for review
conservative white southern voters switching from the Democratic to Republican party in the mid 1960s is party realignment dealignment party recalibration super-majority dominance
party realignment
congressman votes conscience on bills constituents care little about & according to them on bills they care lots about trustee politico majoritarian delegate
politico
Poll indicates 75% of all people in the US support new gun control legislation. Which supports poll credibility? The poll was given to 150 people of all ages and races poll reported a sampling error of plus or minus 2.5 percent conducted on major tv network and open to anyone who phoned in administered at several thousand grocery stores across the country
poll reported a sampling error of plus or minus 2.5 percent
What is the primary constitutional conflict between Congress and the president over the decision to go to war? president controls military funding, but Congress controls all other fundin president is symbolic leader of the military, but Congress commands troops president makes treaties, but the Congress ratifies them president commands the military, but Congress has the power to declare war
president commands the military, but Congress has the power to declare war
After intense lobbying, registered party members separate to different sides of the room to count e/ candidates support presidential caucus open primary top-two primary presidential rally
presidential caucus
Political scientists use the term "political realignment" to describe which of the following? shift in party control of both the presidency and Congress creation or death of political parties major change of a plank in a political party's platform profound shift in the balance of power between major political parties
profound shift in the balance of power between major political parties
Pres. Schrute has several positions to fill within the federal bureaucracy. How can he fill them with a merit system? asking a high-level campaign fund-raiser to serve as ambassador to Germany choose member of Nat'l Security Council that would appease opp. members nominate member of political party for energy sec who supported his campaig promoting DA General to Attorney General after four years of strong service
promoting DA General to Attorney General after four years of strong service
What is one check that state governments have on the judicial branch? ratifying constitutional amendments deciding the limits of the Court's jurisdiction impeaching Supreme Court justices appointing Supreme Court justices
ratifying constitutional amendments
What is one example of the president's individual foreign policy power? ratifying formal treaties granting pardons receiving ambassadors formally declaring war
receiving ambassadors
voting for a Republican after being unhappy with a Democrat's performance in office is an example of what behavior rational choice voting retrospective voting party-line voting prospective voting
retrospective voting
Theodore Roosevelt first used the term "bully pulpit". What did Roosevelt most likely mean by the word "bully"? same thing as "great" and "wonderful" something that is controversial or emotional someone who unfairly picks on another person the same thing as "bad" or "difficult"
same thing as "great" and "wonderful"
Which of the following scenarios would be considered logrolling? senator agrees to vote on another senator's bill A senator adds a federally-funded project that benefits their district senator plans to redraw the geographic boundaries of legislation A senator holds the floor of the Senate, refusing to give it up
senator agrees to vote on another senator's bill
Which of the following is a characteristic of a reliable scientific poll? small sampling error required names for all respondents open-ended questions entire population surveyed
small sampling error
President Franklin D. Roosevelt's fireside chats established which of the following norms in presidential communication? speaking to the public with a high degree of familiarity being formal and professional in all communication criticizing the opposing political party for its lack of support working together with Congress to craft a unified message
speaking to the public with a high degree of familiarity
Which of the following is NOT an agent of political socialization? family schools media sports teams
sports teams
SC Justice studies bill's context, researches hist meaning in Constitution, considers context of Constitution's structur originalist interpretation judicial activism judicial restraint textualist interpretation
textualist interpretation
Which statement best explains how rule differences in the House and Senate can affect the policymaking process? the House may pass a bill, the Senate can kill the bill with a filibuster Senate may pass a bill, the House can delay the bill with a discharge petit Senate may pass a bill, the House can delay it with a hold the House may pass a bill, the Senate Rules Committee can delay it
the House may pass a bill, the Senate can kill the bill with a filibuster
Which of the following is a congressional check on the president's power as Commander in Chief? the War Powers Act the Twenty-second Amendment Article II of the United States Constitution Federalist No. 70
the War Powers Act
What is publicity? information that's available to everyone the amount of positive excitement there is surrounding something the amount of media attention something receives information that's not available to the public
the amount of media attention something receives
What is the Committee of the Whole? the majority party in the House of Representatives the group of all 100 members of the Senate the group of all 435 members of the House the entire group of legislators from both the Senate and the House
the group of all 435 members of the House
What is a special power that Congress can use to remove the president from office? the power of veto the power of investigation the power of impeachment the power of appointment
the power of impeachment
Why might a president want to issue an executive order rather than attempt to make a law? to strike a deal with another country to change something in the Constitution to make a policy fast to bypass juridical review
to make a policy fast
A representative votes for a bill even though a recent poll shows 56% of his constituents do not support the bill. partisan politico trustee delegate
trustee
Senator Krabs received lots of letters supporting a bill. He votes against it bc he thinks it will hurt local business. delegate politico trustee partisan
trustee