French and Indian War

At Fort Duquesne, what happened to British General Braddock? Who told him this might happen?

George Washington and Daniel Boone warned Edward Braddock that wearing bright red uniforms in battle was a bad idea. He did not listen and was shot in the lungs and died in battle.

What was wrong with the site where Fort Necessity was built, and who built it?

George Washington built the fort in a valley on low ground and the fort was flooded when it rained and it soaked the gunpowder. He was forced to retreat before the French attacked.

During the French and Indian War, what did Benjamin Franklin try to convince everyone? Where did he get the idea? What was his view of Native Americans?

He respected the native Americans so he formed the plan of the union. He created a cartoon that said join or die. He thought the 13 colonies should unite under one central government to fight the war. This foreshadowed the creation of the United States.

Iroquois Confederacy

A confederation of five (later six) Indian tribes across upper New York state that during the 17th and 18th centuries played a strategic role in the struggle between the French and British for mastery of North America.

Where was the conference held at which the Plan of Union was developed?

Albany

What is an agreement between nations or groups to help each other against other nations or groups?

An alliance

What was the final battle of the war in North America?

Battle of Montreal

Which was a result of William Pitt becoming Foreign Secretary during the French and Indian War?

Britain scored its first major victory in the war at Louisburg and because of this Pittsburgh is named for him.

What is a force made up of civilians who are trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army? What technique did the French use while fighting in these groups?

Civilian soldiers are called a militia and the type of warfare the French fought was guerrilla warfare. The British were not prepared to fight this style.

Advantages that the French had in fighting the French and Indian War.

Knew territory, had more indian allies, fought a better style in the new world, had more accurate weapons (grooved hunting rifles)

Advantages that the British had in fighting the French and Indian War.

More people, better access to supplies, more stable towns and resources, could cut off supply to rivers

William Johnson led a small group of Indians and colonists and won:

The Battle of Lake George

Which Native Americans joined the English, which joined the French?

The Iroquois joined the British and the Huron and Algonkin joined the French. The Iroquois were convinced by William Johnson to fight on the British side.

Who ceded territory in 1763?

The French because they lost. The native Americans because no one followed the proclamation line.

The French and Indian War

The last of four colonial wars fought between the English and French.

Where was the treaty signed that ended the war? What did it decide as far as land ownership?

The treaty of Paris expanded the western territory for Spain and the mid-western territory for England. England promised the mid-western territory to the native allies but all of the new settlers would not keep the promise.

Why did the British and French even fight each other?

They were both fighting over the Ohio territory, both wanted to control fur trade with native Americans, New France did not have religious freedom and this threatened the English settlers who practiced many different religions.

What happened at the Battle of Quebec? Who won and lost? How was the element of surprise involved? When will George Washington use this technique in the Revolutionary war and explain how?

Wolfe and his man climbed the steep cliffs early in the morning to surprise Montcalm and the French forces. George Washington will use this same technique against the Hessians when he crosses the Delaware river on the day after Christmas early in the morning.

General Wolfe (British general, was also killed in the battle):

defeated the French and their allies at Quebec.

As a result of the French and Indian War,

the French gave the land west of the Appalachians to Spain.