Fundamentals Test 6 Practice Questions

A nurse is caring for a client who had IV fluids initiated at 0330. The IV fluids are infusing at 120 ml/hr. The nurse should record how many ml of fluids on the intake record at 0600?

300 ml

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has pulmonary edema, reports dyspnea, and appears anxious. The client's BP is 109/79 and his apical pulse is 112. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority? A. administer high-flow oxygen at 5 L/min by facemask to the client B. place the client in high-Fowler's position with legs dependent C. give the client sublingual nitroglycerin D. reassure the patient

A. administer high-flow oxygen at 5 L/min by facemask to the client

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an infant who has a 2 day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the most reliable indicator of fluid loss? A. body weight B. skin integrity C. BP D. RR

A. body weight

Your patient has flaccid muscles and decreased deep tendon reflexes. What lab value can you expect to see with this patient? A. K+ 3.5 B. Mg 1.8 C. Na 137 D. Ca2+ 13 E. Pi 4.2

D. Ca2+ 13

What causes the P wave on the ECG?

Atrial Depolarization - which is started by the impulse of the SA node

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for home oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Verify the oxygen flow rate every other day. B. Check the cannula position on a regular basis. C. Check the tops of the ears for skin breakdown. D. Post "no smoking" signs in a prominent location in the home. E. Apply petroleum ointment to nares if they become dry and irritated.

B. Check the cannula position on a regular basis. C. Check the tops of the ears for skin breakdown. D. Post "no smoking" signs in a prominent location in the home.

What lab would you expect in your patient with chronic alcoholism? A. Ca2+ 9.5 B. K+ 2.9 C. Na 140 D. Mg 1.0 E. Pi 4.7

D. Mg 1.0

The following ABG values indicate which disorder: pH 7.01 PaCO2 63 HCO3- 23

Respiratory Acidosis

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via a nasal cannula. The nurse recognizes the client is receiving which of the following inspired oxygen concentration? A. 28% B. 36% C. 50% D. 70%

A. 28%

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia and a prescription for oxygen therapy at 5 L/min via nasal cannula. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Attach a humidifier bottle to the base of the flow meter. B. Remove the nasal cannula while the client eats. C. Secure the oxygen tubing to the bed sheet near the client's head. D. Apply petroleum jelly to the nares as needed to soothe mucous membranes.

A. Attach a humidifier bottle to the base of the flow meter.

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who is receiving IV therapy. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings indicates fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.) A. Bounding pulse B. Pitting edema C. Swelling at the IV site D. Urine-specific gravity greater than 1.030 E. Crackles upon auscultation

A. Bounding pulse B. Pitting edema E. Crackles upon auscultation

A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas results: HCO3 18 mEq, PaCO2 28 mmHg, and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid base imbalances? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

A. Metabolic acidosis

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse would expect which of the following findings? A. Urine specific gravity 1.035 B. Hematocrit 44% C. BUN 19 mg/dL D. Sodium 155 mEq/L

A. Urine specific gravity 1.035

A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has a prescription for clear liquids by mouth after a repair of an intussusception. Which of the following should the nurse select for the infant? A. oral electrolyte solution B. half strength infant formula C. half strength orange juice D. sterile water

A. oral electrolyte solution

A nurse is preparing to measure a client's level of oxygen saturation and observes edema of both hands and thickened toe nails. The nurse should apply the pulse oximeter probe to which of the following locations? A. Finger B. Earlobe C. Toe D. Skin fold

B. Earlobe

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has pulmonary edema and is about to start taking furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Take aspirin if headaches develop. B. Eat foods that contain plenty of potassium. C. Expect some swelling in the hands and feet. D. Take the medication at bedtime.

B. Eat foods that contain plenty of potassium.

The nurse is monitoring a client who was admitted with a severe burn injury and is receiving IV fluid resuscitation therapy. The nurse should identify a decrease in which of the following findings as an indication of adequate fluid replacement? A. BP B. HR C. urine output D. weight

B. HR

A nurse is admitting a client who has influenza and is reporting numbness and tingling of the toes and fingers. The nurse should recognize the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalance? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

B. Metabolic alkalosis

What is the most important vital sign to assess when your patient has a history of atrial fibrillation? A. Pulse B. O2 stats C. Temperature D. RR e. BP

B. O2 stats

A nurse is planning care for a client who has dehydration and is receiving a continuous IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Monitor the client's intake and output every 6 hr. B. Offer the client 240 mL (8 oz) of oral fluids every 4 hr. C. Check the client's IV infusion every 8 hr. D. Administer furosemide to the client.

B. Offer the client 240 mL (8 oz) of oral fluids every 4 hr.

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client? A. Lactated Ringer's B. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride C. 0.45% sodium chloride D. Dextrose 10% in water

C. 0.45% sodium chloride

A nurse is admitting an infant who has severe dehydration from acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Bulging anterior fontanel B. Bradypnea C. 13% weight loss D. Capillary refill 3 seconds

C. 13% weight loss

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. The nurse explains to the client that this method of oxygen delivery does which of the following? A. Delivers a constant rate of a specific concentration of oxygen B. Delivers a high concentration of oxygen C. Delivers a low concentration of oxygen D. Restricts the client's ability to eat, speak, or drink

C. Delivers a low concentration of oxygen

A nursing is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The pharmacy is delayed in supplying the client's next container of TPN. Which of the following fluids should the nurse infuse until the next container arrives? A. Dextrose 5% in water B. 0.9% sodium chloride C. Dextrose 10% in water D. Lactated Ringer's solution

C. Dextrose 10% in water

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions? A. Encourage the client to ambulate frequently. B. Encourage coughing and deep breathing. C. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake. D. Encourage regular use of the incentive spirometer.

C. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV fluids to correct dehydration. Which of the following laboratory values should indicate to the nurse that the client is effectively responding to treatment? A. Sodium 165 mEq/L B. Potassium 5.2 mEq/L C. Urine specific gravity 1.020 D. Hct 62%

C. Urine specific gravity 1.020

A nurse is caring for a 3 year old child who was admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which of the following findings indicated that oral rehydration therapy has been effective? A. heart rate 130/min B. respiratory rate 24/min C. urine specific gravity 1.015 D. capillary refill greater than 3 seconds

C. urine specific gravity 1.015

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who requires home oxygen therapy. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client needs further teaching? A. "I will be able to tell how much oxygen I'm getting by looking at the flowmeter." B. "I should call my doctor if I find it harder to concentrate." C. "I will make sure my visitors smoke outside." D. "I will wear synthetic clothing and woolen socks when using my oxygen."

D. "I will wear synthetic clothing and woolen socks when using my oxygen."

A nurse is caring for a male client who reports nausea and vomiting and is receiving IV fluid therapy. His blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is 32 mg/dL, creatinine 1.1 mg/dL, and hematocrit 50%. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate? A. Collect a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. B. Continue routine care because the results are within the expected reference range. C. Decrease the IV fluid infusion rate and limit oral fluid intake. D. Evaluate urine for amount and for specific gravity.

D. Evaluate urine for amount and for specific gravity.

A nurse in a community clinic is assessing an older adult client for manifestations of dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Hypothermia B. Protruding eyeballs C. Elevated blood pressure D. Furrows in the tongue

D. Furrows in the tongue

A patient that has chronic kidney disease, vomiting and diarrhea is at risk for which of the following? A. Respiratory acidosis B. Respiratory alkalosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

D. Metabolic alkalosis

A nurse is caring for a client who has returned to the until following a surgical procedure. The client's oxygen saturation is 85%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Administer oxygen at 2 L/min. B. Administer prescribed analgesic medication. C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing. D. Raise the head of the bed

D. Raise the head of the bed

A nurse is performing chest physiotherapy on a client who has a respiratory infection. To increase the velocity and turbulence of the air in the client exhales, which of the following techniques should the nurse use? A. Postural drainage B. Nebulization C. Percussion D. Vibration

D. Vibration

A nurse is assessing four clients for fluid balance. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients is exhibiting manifestations of dehydration? A. a client who has a urine specific gravity of 1.010 B. a client who has a weight gain of 2.2 kg (2 lb) in 24 hours C. a client who has a hematocrit of 45% D. a client who has a temperature of 39 C (102 F).

D. a client who has a temperature of 39 C (102 F).

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic respiratory insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as result of the long-term inadequate oxygenation? A. restlessness B. retractions C. dependent edema D. clubbing of the fingers

D. clubbing of the fingers

A nurse is preparing to obtain a blood specimen from a client by venipuncture. The client is receiving IV fluids through an IV catheter inserted in the basilic vein of the right forearm. Which if the following sites should the nurse plan to use to obtain the blood specimen? A. left upper arm B. right forearm C. foot D. left forearm

D. left forearm