GEB 3035 - Exam 2
Interviewing Myths
#1 - Interviewing is an objective process #2 - You can outguess or outsmart the recruiter #3 - Interviews are only useful for recruiters to decide who they want
College to Work
* Culture shock - less change than in college * Transition Challenges - early termination (poor attendance, failure to follow instructions, lack of initiative) * Backpack to Briefcase - rigid schedule; can't skip work; boss not interestedin socializing; learning/problem solving
Speaker / Listener Technique - GOAL
* Each person feels understood by the other - Is NOT an agreement - Problem not likely solved
Facebook vs. Linked-In
* Facebook - Social and Informal * LinkedIn - Professional and Formal
College to Work - Transition Strategies
* First Impressions - make them count * Adjusting to Org culture - clock/calendar mgt; impression mgt; managing your boss * Adjustments to Your Personal Life - develop a social network - find leisure interests/roles outside of work - create healthy lifestyle (stress mgt) * Financial Adjustment - transportation costs
Good Communication
* Foundation of every relationship * Lifeblood of a successful team - 7% content - 38% Tone of Voice - 55% Body Language
Considering Graduate School
* Get advice from professionals * Get advice from different departments * Specialized Master's programs * Other tops considerations * MBA Programs EXAMS usually required for admission to grad/professional school: - LSAT - law school - MCAT - medical school - GMAT - business programs - GRE - graduate programs * advice on prep courses * advice on timing
Elements of Networking Phone Call
* Greeting, Referral Statement, Small Talk (optional) * Call purpose, meeting request, background (two minute drill) * Primary/Secondary objectives, additional referrals, closing
Networking - Microplanning Level
* Key is getting information (deliverables) versus begging for a job! * Key is focusing on the areas that your contact can provide the most assistance * Microlevel planning on "focus areas" allows you to direct the discussion to meet this goal * Based on contact's position, what can he/she do for me? * Secondary areas he/she may help with * What areas are he/she likely to be of no help
Social Networking - Advantages
* Leverage immediate networks * Extensive breadth and depth * Easier to track contacts * More ways to advertise Your personal brand "more is better"
Improving Communication
* Set a shared vision * Align team expectation to goals * Communicate clearly, regularly, equally * Use synchronous/asynchronous methods
Poor Communication
* Significant misunderstandings * Poor Performance * Low Employee Morale
Networking - Marcroplanning Level
* identification of Target industries/companies * determination of Target business function * identification of Target functional executives * identification of Primary networking contacts * prioritization of Networking contacts
Networking - Ground Rules
- A networking meeting must have purpose/direction - Networker is resonsible for setting the direction and keeping things moving - Most problems arise in the meeting from confusion about the process, not the content of the discussion - If things go wrong, the networker must take responsibility and clarify the agenda
Transferrable Skills and Abilities
- Assess and minimize risks and problems - Work effectively in a crisis or under pressure - Translate abstract goals into clear processes - Acquire critical skills easily (quick study) - Organize complex data - Organize the activities of others - Build trust with people I don't know well - Ability to think strategically and tactically
Resume - Things to Do
- Be brief, clear, concise - Consistent, positive, honest - Careful, neat
Portfolios - why are they needed?
- Career decision making is hard - Provides a personal career forum - Promotes independence, reflection, and self-direction - Tells a story of someone's past
What makes the job search a difficult process?
- Complex & Ambiguous cues - Overwhelming amount of choices and Info - Interdependent courses of action - Uncertainty of the outcome - Solutions present new problems
Prerequisites for Successful Interviewing
- Construct a focused career objective - Resume should generate enthusiasm - Develop a marketing strategy - Consider professional/academic portfolio
Keys to Effective Experience Section
- Construct accomplishment statements - Convey leadership versis mgt - Communicate results and initiative - Quatify and qualify achievements
Portfolio - Planning the Portfolio Presentation
- Deciding on content - Arranging Portfolio Materials * arrange by theme (relevant to employers needs; focus on your strengths) * focus on your strengths
Why go to graduate or professional school?
- Decision depends on your life goals - Advanced degree is usually necessary for the following: a. teaching college b. conducting research c. switching career focus d. improving marketability and earning potential - Consider CFA Data and Advice from the occupational interviews
Personalized Career Planning Journal
- Facilitates career transition process sequentially - Allows expressive meaning - Forces the individual to be an active partner
Hiring Interviews - Common Mistakes
- Fail to collect sufficient information to weigh subsequent offers - Fail to maintain enthusiasm - Not successful in every interview
Recommendatons
- Get support from friends and career services professional - reward yourself when you make progress - take care of yourself physically - avoid negative people - keep good records of everything
Interpersonal Communications - Types in Job Hunting
- Informational Interviews - Networking - Job Interviews
Keys to Effective Career Objectives
- State the level of the position you are seeking (internship, entry-level,etc.) - State the type of position you are seeing. (use generic words: marketing, finance, sales; job titles differ within various industries) - Consider mentioning specific areas of interest within a specific field (investing, corporate finance, retailing)
Resume - Things to Avoid
- Stating salary requirements - Giving reasons for leaving employers - Limiting geographic range - Expounding on philosophy - Offering Negative Information
Avoid Pitfalls
- Stress wrong things in the interview - Highly anxious; creating wrong impression - Interview ends without discussion key issues - Learn very little from the interview
Prioritizing Contacts
- Target executives who can hire you - People who know target executives personally/professionally - People employed by your target companies - People likely to have contacts in your target industries - People unlikely to have target industry contacts; but, who appear to have large social/business network - People unlikely to have target industry contacts, and who do not appear to have social/business contacts
Job Hunting Tips
- Tell everyone your goals - Seek feeback when turned down - Don't be afraid to call an employer - Always get a contact name - No perfect interview answers - Be persistent - You must follow up - Be yourself
Resume - Common Mistakes
- Too long; disorganized - Poorly typed/printed; too sparse - Not results oriented; irrelevancies - Misspellings, typos - Doesn't match objective
MBA Consideration
- Work experience is critical!!!! - Two options - traditional programs (1 or 2 years) - provide option to specialize - Weekend, Online, or Hybrid (1 or 2 years) - Usually a "generalist" curriculum - Never join the bottom half of a peer group - there is no catching up - critically important for traditional programs - Big 3: work experience, GMAT. GPA
Technological Cosiderations
- resume must be scannable - Key words CRITICAL - avoid graphics, use common fonts
Barriers to Job Campaign
- shy/lack of confidence - fear of rejection - lack of necessary skills - procrastination - not knowing where to start
Law School Consideration
- www.isac.org (future JD students) - LSAT & GPA (LSDAS index) - UF LSAT ( 160-164: 25% - 75%) UF GPA (3.67) - Letters of recommendation - Shadow, Intern, Sit in on classes - Personal statement - Opportunity costs
Relationship: Communication & Interpersonal Skills
Develop the Relationship - focus on communication styles and interpersonal skills Open Ended Questions - engage your listener with open ended questions Leave them with your business card
College to Work - Transition Challenges
8 Areas of Adjustment 1. work routines 2. personal expectations 3. cooperative attitude 4. accepting responsbility 5. recognizing inadequacies 6. adjusting to geographic location 7. communication 8. theory to practice
Identifying Target Industries
> which industries are most likely to have a general interest in your candidacy? > what key problems will your knowledge and experiences allow you to solve? > how is your ability to solve these problems uniqueor of particular value? > how do your qualifications compare to others with whom you will compete?
BBI - Behavior Based Interviewing - Skills Targeted
Assertiveness; perception/intuition Commitment; problem solving Coping; team building Creativity Decision Making Goal Setting Leadership Listening Management Oral Communication
Traditional Networking - Challenges
Challenges of Traditional Marketing * Friends calling friends (limited breadth and depth * Keeping track of contacts * Limited avenues for advertising personal brand
CASVE
Communication - Need to make an employment decision ------------------------------------------------- Analysis - Obtain information/reflect on learned info ------------------------------------------------- Synthesis - Expand/Narrow jobs options **Expanding Options* - Generate list of potential employers - Use info resources to generate new options **Narrowing Options* - consider what you learned in analysis - values, interests, skills - select only jobs that will help narrow employement gap ------------------------------------------------- Valuing - Select top choices ------------------------------------------------- Execution - Take action to make the transition to employement
Year 1 - 5: Key Thoughts
Promotions and Advancements - no guarantee - actively pursue more responsibility - take initiative; expect to work hard; - document your accomplishments and value added - manage epectations
Speaker Listener Technique
Rules for the Speaker > speak for yourself, don't mindread > keep statements brief; don't go on and on > stop to let the listener paraphrase Rules for the Listener > parraphrase what you hear > focus on the speaker's message. Don't rebut Rules for Both > speaker has the floor > speaker keeps the floor while the listener paraphrases > share the floor
Job hunting is the process of:
Seeking rejection
CIP Perspective
Self-Knowledge: - provides criteria for evaluating job satisfaction Option Knowledge: - expand on industry, organization and your role CASVE - use to solve job related problems and to make strategic decisions Use Postive Metacognitions - towards an internal locus of control
Career Commercial -
Step 1 - Preparing for the Meeting Review and collect relevant data Qualify relevant skills Effective story telling - Creating your stories Step 2 - GPS the Meeting GPS your meeting before engagement Step 3 - The Successful Execution Executing the Successful One Minute Commercial End with open ended questions
Focusing a Job Campaign
Success in the job market involves a clearly defined appraoch with a focus - must make best use of your time * Effectively - focus on doing right things * Efficiency - doing those right things well
Portfolios
Documented accomplishments which indicate future value - Aggregate important historical information - Portfolios answer - what can you do for me relevant to my needs? - Stimulates conversation/discussion
Why is Understanding Expectations Important?
E = Your expectations R = Your Reality D = Disappointment If Reality < Expectations, then Rrealty = Disappointment
Portfolios - Main Uses/Types
Education - historic record Personal Planning Portfolio - typically found in HighSchool Manage your Career - understand past shaping events * career roadmap; historic information - future career planning * employment portfolio * OTJ performance evaluation
Recruiter Questions
Educational Background Experience Career Goal Personal Qualities Behavioral Questions The Tough Questions Behavioral Based Interviewing
Portfolio - Electronic
Electronic - computer disc; website; prof software; pdf Forms - word/pdf/files/spreadsheets/audio/video files/presentations/hyperlinks/jpg files Advantages - share w/wide audience/more practical
Relevance
Having significance to the matter at hand - Relevance - Marketplace driven - Key Thoughts: authentically tailoring your brand message to hiring agents - Demostrate company and industry knowledge: be proactive in communicating knowledge of both
Brand
Identity of a specific product, service or business
Personal Brand Management
Impression Management 101 - 70% of recruiters/employers rejected a candidate because of information found online about candidate - 85% of employers say that a positive online reputation influences their hiring decision - 60% - 80% of jobs are found through networking
Key to Success
KNOWLEDGE - Yourself (values, interests, skills) - Reasons for your career choice - Know the Company and Industry/history - Interview Process Preparation in these four areas WILL get you a competitive offer
Review: Unit 3
Launching and Implementing a Career Plan - written communication (resume, cover ltr) - effective networking/communication - career portfolios/reference materials - netiquette/social media - creating effective career commercial - negotiating/evaluating offers
Portfolio - Contents
Licenses, Work samples UF Acadmic - course project (writing/homework) Attendance Records, Presentation Recommendation/Commendation Letters Employer Evaluations, Performance Reviews, Certificate of Completion Honors or Awards, Publicity
Focus on Your Self-Assessment - Keep Search Process in Control
Manage Anxiety - focus on parameters/goals - have support group Manage Time Effectively - each activity has opportunity cost Manage Pressure - only you know what jobs are best for you
Differentiation
Marketing: process of distinguishing a product or offering from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market Biology: cellular differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type
Getting Past the Gatekeeper
Methods to increase chances of success: - establish the fact that there is a personal or professional connection with the boss - establish the legitimate need to have a direct conversation with the boss - secure the secretary's commitment to help you make contact with the boss - never request that the person call you back unless the secretary offers a specific date/time - offer to call back at a time that the secretary suggests; ask that the date appear on his/her calendar w/ the referral's name attached
Social Networking - Global Internet Traffic
Most visited Webpages 1. Google 2. Facebook 3. YouTube 9. Twitter 12. Linkedin
60% - 80% of jobs are found through
Networking
Portfolio - Planning Phases
Phase 1 - Plan Portfolio Specific to Employer (6+ months) Phase 2 - Assess/Start saving materials (6+ months) Phase 3 - Save materials; organize and assemble; purchase e-portfolio online (2-4 months) Phase 4 - Practice presenting; get feedback (1-2 weeks prior to interview) JOB INTERVIEW - present portfolio Phase 5 - Reflect,Refine,Edit for next interview (1-2 weeks prior to interview)
BBI - Behavioral Based Interviewing
Premise: candidates past accomplishments are the best predictor of his or her potential Recruiter's Goal: make hiring decision based on demonstrated performance/skills
Professional and Formal Networking * worlds largest professional network * publicly traded company * > 120 million members * > 200 countries worldwide * Every 1-2 seconds a new user joins * Networking w/ results Who uses LinkedIn? - Fortune 500 companies - Fortune 100 companies
Top Qualities Sought by Employers
1. Verbal Skills (38%) 2. Enthusiasm (24%) 3. Appearance (8%) 4. Integrity (7%) 5. Past experience (6%) 6. Self-Confidence (4%) 7. Positive Attitude (2%) 8. Professionalism (2%)
The Five Love Languages
1. Words of Affirmation 2. Quality Time 3. Receiving Gifts 4. Acts of Services 5. Physical touch
Understand How thoughts Influence a Job Campaign
1. Affects of Positive/Negative Self-Talk 2. Self-Awareness 3. Control & Monitoring
Employers' Ranking of Skills:
1. Communication skills (critical) 2. Interpersonal skills (critical) 3. Analytical skills 4. Teamwork skills 5. Flexibility
Career Commercial - Two Main Goals
1. Deliver your Content: - prepare relevant data for the meeting - review the meeting GPS and follow it 2. Develop the relationship(s) - focus on communication and interpersonal skills when interacting - engage your listener with open ended questions
Job Hunting - Personal Factors
1. Employment Preferences -- hours of work, travel requirements, physical demands 2. Family Situation -- desires to live by family, significant others 3. Job Target(s) -- what do I want to do, where do I want to work
Job Search Errors - Top 10
1. Failure to Network 2. Limiting Job Sources 3. Restricted Job search 4. Poor Interview Techniques 5. Inadequate Interview Preparation 6. Too little time devoted to Search 7. Little Attention to Personal Appearance 8. Poor Resume 9. Canned Approach 10. Negative Attitude
Resume - Primary Categories
1. Identification 2. Career Objective 3. Education/Professional Training 4. Professional and/or Related Experience 5. Optional Categories 6. References
Networking Call Sheet
1. Name, address, job title, phone/fax 2. Networking source and priority 3. Primary objectives (focus areas) 4. Secondary objectives (focus areas) 5. Dates, activity, and results of calls 6. Status: completed, will call back, to call
Purpose of Interview
1. Point where hiring decisions are made - great resumes - generate interviews - greater interviews - generate job offers 2. Screening for future interviews 3. Sales Forum - seek to gain better understanding of how the other can help them meet future demands 4. Mutual exchange of information 5. Convey your value-added potential
Job Hunting - Self-Assessment Themes
1. Professional Aspects of the profession 2. Routines and Primary job activities 3. Tasks and Responsbilities 4. Organizational Style 5. Rewards & Compensation 6. Social
Networking
1. Provides access to hidden jobmarket 2. Has been found to be 2-3 times more effective than all other employment sources combined
Self Knowledge
1. Values -- what work setting/employers will allow you to satisfy your values? 2. Interests -- what type of position will allow you to engage in work activities you enjoy 3. Skills -- What type of position will draw on your strengths
Northwestern Lindquist Endicott Report
27% of first interviews - lead to a second interview - 1 in 4 receive second 59% of second interviews - result in offers - 1 in 6 receieve a job offer 56% of offers - are accepted - 1 in 11 accept the offer and are hired
Speaker / Listener Technique
A way to talk safely when you need to do it well - should not be used all the time - neutralizes the danger signs - regular practice can help "inoculate" relationships from serious conflicts
Graduate School
Academic Training in Research - not a "continuation" of undergraduate program - usually not "general" in nature - not for people delaying the "real world" Academic Environment - Independent learning - very focused an detailed oriented - intensive relationships with faculty
Communication Danger Signs
Escalation - responding back and forth negatively w/ each other Invalidation - putting down the thoughts, opinions or character of the other Negative Interpretation - making a negative and unfair assumption about what your partner was thinking Withdrawal - unwillingness to get into or stay with important discussions
Empoyment Study (Harvard Sociologist)
Getting a Job: Study of contacts and careers 74.5% jobs found through Networking 9.9% jobs found through advertisnig 8.9% jobs found through Emp. Agency 6.7% jobs found thruogh other sources 1. Personal contacts accounted for over 7 1/2 times the results of the next most effective source 2. 43.5% networking jobs were newly created to accomodate values, interests, skills of the candidate 3. Jobs providing highest pay, most prestige, and greatest satisfaction were found as a result of networking 4. Networking Multiplier Effect - Indirect Contacts are the key (direct contact former employer; direct contact alumni; direct contact classmate)
Networking - Focus Areas
Focus Area 1 - Job Information Focus Area 2 - Target Industry Information Focus Area 3 - Job Search Advice Focus Area 4 - General Contacts
Informational Interviews
Get inside information Others to contact Prepare (5 Ps) 1. Performance - what skills do you want to utilize 2. People - who do you want to work with 3. Place - where do you want to be working 4. Pace - what speed do you want to work at 5. Proposition - what is your pitch to the company
The main reason Networking is successful?
Obligation Phenomenon - referrals at the heart of the networking process Obligation is both social and professional - friends/associates have credibility - Key: use all contacts and be reasonable
The cardinal rule of resume presentations
Opinions!
Review: Unit 2
Organizational Culture - global economy - career in changing world - family roles and careers
Should you Transition Straight into a Graduate Program
Pros: - accustomed to the pace/tempo of student life - academic skills are sharp (e.g. calculus, stats) - career choice Requires an advanced degree Cons: - lack of Career and Life Experience - will likely not be near top of graduate cohort - weak financial situation (opportunity costs) - lower acceptance rates
Career Commercial
Purpose: demonstrate marketplace relevancy and to differentiate yourself from job seekers Goal: create an engaging interaction: deliver relevant and differentiated content Market (target audience): Hiring agents, influential professionals to help you grow professionally Length: 60 seconds MAX, best inserted appropriately into an established conversation Success Often Depends on: relevance and differentiation in job market, passion to work in industry
Screening Interviews
Recruiters choose candidates: - who appear to have the right qualifications - who show potential based on past performance Does not bind or commit the candidate Offers the best prospecting opportunity Candidates get 10 minutes to market themselves - convince recruiter further investment is warranted Screening Interview - FOLLOW-UP - inquire about next step in the process - send a thank you letter - check e-mail and voicemail consistently - continue to explore ALL oprtions, regardless of how promising the opportunity seems
Synchronicity
The experience of two or more events that are apparently causally unrelated or unlikely to occur together by chance, yet are experienced as occurring together in a meaningful manner
Six Degrees of Separation a/k/a Six Degree Effect
The idea that everyone is on average approximately six steps away, by way of introduction, from any other person in the world, so that a chain of "a friend of a friend" statements can be made, on average, to connect any two people in six steps or fewer.
Social Networking
The practice of expanding the number of one's business and/or social contacts by making connections through individuals
First Year Success Strategies
Tips for New Hires - network - understand your responsibilities and roles - pay attention to the culture and subtle environmental cues - develop trust (clear expectations) - do not take things personally - take on more responsbilities - understand office dynamics/culture; office history
The purpose of a resume is
To produce interviews
Review: Unit 1
Understanding Myself: - values, interests, skills - self-assessments, autobiography Understanding my Options: - occupational resources - industries - leisure roles Metacognitions and Career Decision Making
The XYZ Statement
When you did X - describe the specific behavior. What was the one thing he/she did? In situation Y - describe the specific situation or circumtances I felt Z - tell how you felt or were affected
