Gen bio Quiz 3 - Ch 24 & 21
An antigen is __________.
a foreign molecule that evokes an immune response
The role of cytotoxic T cells is to attack
body cells that have been infected
A group of researchers have tested many chemicals and found several that have potential for use in treating malfunctions of the immune system. Which of the following would seem to have the most promise as a drug for inhibiting autoimmune diseases?
Compound B55: suppresses specific cytotoxic T cells
Tissues are "typed" before an organ transplant to make sure that the __________ of donor and recipient match as closely as possible.
MHC proteins
Which of the following is not present until after the primary immune response occurs?
Memory cells
Which of the following triggers tissue inflammation?
Release of histamine by damaged cells
HIV infects mostly __________.
T cells
In a series of immune system experiments, the thymus glands were removed from baby mice. Which of the following would you predict as a likely result?
The mice readily accepted tissue transplants.
The pharynx leads to two major structures, the
trachea and esophagus
A cell capable of producing monoclonal antibodies is produced by fusing a lymphocyte with a __________.
tumor cell
What do the antibodies secreted by plasma cells (the effector cells of humoral immunity) do to attack their targets?
Activate complement to punch holes in them Clump cells together so that phagocytes can ingest them Cause antigen molecules to settle out of solution Attach to antigens and detoxify them
Which of the following would be effective in eliminating bacteria but ineffective in eliminating viruses?
Activation of complement proteins
The relationship between an antigen and an antibody is most like __________.
A hand and a glove
When you are immune to a disease, __________.
Certain lymphocytes are able to make the proper antibodies quickly
Which of the following is initiated by the binding of antibodies to antigens?
activation of complement proteins
which of the following could be absorbed by cells lining the digestive tract using facilitated diffusion?
amino acids
An allergen acts like __________.
an antigen
Viruses and bacteria in body fluids are attacked by __________.
antibodies from B cells
Individuals infected with HIV
can die from other infections
Which of the following is part of the inflammatory response?
dilation of the capillaries
Your lymphatic system fights infection and __________.
drains fluid from tissues
Which of the following is not part of the body's innate defenses?
helper T cells
The biggest difference between cell-mediated and humoral immune responses is __________.
how they respond to and dispose of invaders
A vaccine contains __________.
inactivated disease-causing microbes
A clone of lymphocytes
makes antibodies against the same antigens
B lymphocytes __________.
multiply and make antibodies that circulate in the blood and lymph
Which of the following correctly represents the order in which food coming into the human body passes through the structures of the digestive system?t
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
an antibody is a
protein that attaches to an antigen
Researchers found that when laboratory rats had already been infected with a virus, they were better able to resist infection by a second, completely different virus. The first infection apparently caused __________, which protected the rats from the second infection.
secretion of interferons
Which of the following is a lymphatic organ?
spleen
The idea behind vaccination is to induce __________ without the vaccinated individual having to get sick.
the primary immune response
The first line of defense against infection is
the skin and mucous membrance
Herbivorous animals can obtain more nutrients from plants than can carnivorous animals because
they have cellulose-digesting microbes in their cecums
