General Chemistry 1 - Thermochemistry

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1000 cal

1 Cal

4.184 J

1 cal =

Kinetic Energy

Energy associated with the motion of an object

Potential Energy

Energy associated with the position of composition of an object

Chemical Energy

Energy associated with the relative positions of electrons and nuclei in atoms and molecules

Thermal Energy

Energy associated with the temperature of an object

The Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but can be transformed

Surroundings

Everything with which the system can exchange energy; everything around the system

🔺H = 🔺E + P🔺V

Formula for Change of Enthalpy (🔺H)

H = E + PV

Formula for Enthalpy (H)

q= mc🔺T

Formula for Heat

qcal= - qrxn

Formula for Heat in cal in terms of the Reaction

🔺E= q + w

Formula for Internal Energy Of Reaction

W = -P🔺V

Formula for Work

3.60 X 10^6 J

I kilowatt hour equals how many Joules?

Positive

If work is done by surroundings on the system, then work is ___________

Negative

If work is done by the system on the surroundings, then work is _________

Isocoric

No change in Volume (🔺V=0)

Isothermal

No change in temperature (🔺T=0 and 🔺E=0)

Isobaric

No exchange in Presure

Adiabatic

No exchange of heat (q=0)

Joule

The SI unit for work is _______

Energy

The capacity to do work

Heat

The flow of energy caused by a temperature difference

System

The object under investigation

Work

The result of a force acting through a distance

Thermochemistry

The study of the relationships between chemistry and energy

Internal Energy

The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles that compose the system (🔺E)

Enthalpy

The sum of the system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume

0

W equals ______ at constant volume

Negative

When the gas expands, work is _________

Endothermic Reaction

When the system absorbs heat from its surroundings

Exothermic Reaction

When the system gives off heat to its surroundings

Formula for Internal Energy

🔺E= E final - E initial 🔺E= E products - E reactants


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