General Chemistry 1 - Thermochemistry
1000 cal
1 Cal
4.184 J
1 cal =
Kinetic Energy
Energy associated with the motion of an object
Potential Energy
Energy associated with the position of composition of an object
Chemical Energy
Energy associated with the relative positions of electrons and nuclei in atoms and molecules
Thermal Energy
Energy associated with the temperature of an object
The Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but can be transformed
Surroundings
Everything with which the system can exchange energy; everything around the system
🔺H = 🔺E + P🔺V
Formula for Change of Enthalpy (🔺H)
H = E + PV
Formula for Enthalpy (H)
q= mc🔺T
Formula for Heat
qcal= - qrxn
Formula for Heat in cal in terms of the Reaction
🔺E= q + w
Formula for Internal Energy Of Reaction
W = -P🔺V
Formula for Work
3.60 X 10^6 J
I kilowatt hour equals how many Joules?
Positive
If work is done by surroundings on the system, then work is ___________
Negative
If work is done by the system on the surroundings, then work is _________
Isocoric
No change in Volume (🔺V=0)
Isothermal
No change in temperature (🔺T=0 and 🔺E=0)
Isobaric
No exchange in Presure
Adiabatic
No exchange of heat (q=0)
Joule
The SI unit for work is _______
Energy
The capacity to do work
Heat
The flow of energy caused by a temperature difference
System
The object under investigation
Work
The result of a force acting through a distance
Thermochemistry
The study of the relationships between chemistry and energy
Internal Energy
The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles that compose the system (🔺E)
Enthalpy
The sum of the system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume
0
W equals ______ at constant volume
Negative
When the gas expands, work is _________
Endothermic Reaction
When the system absorbs heat from its surroundings
Exothermic Reaction
When the system gives off heat to its surroundings
Formula for Internal Energy
🔺E= E final - E initial 🔺E= E products - E reactants
