Genitourinary System
A patient is having a problem with retention of urine in the bladder. Which of the following diagnostic tests measures the amount of residual urine in the bladder?
Bladder ultrasonography
A patient on the Medical-surgical unit has been recently diagnosed with Nephrosclerosis. Which of the following is an accurate description of this condition?
It involves the thickening and hardening of the renal blood vessels
Which substance stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells?
Erythropoietin
The nurse is collecting data on a patient who experienced a sport injury to the lower back area. Which finding will cause the nurse greatest concern?
Even a perfect match does not guarantee organ success
A client is being treated for AKI and the client daily weights have been ordered. The nurse notes a weight gain of 3 pounds (1.4kg) over the past 48 hours. What nursing diagnosis is suggested by the assessment finding?
Excess fluid volume
A client admitted with nephrotic syndrome is being care fore on the medical unit. When writing this client's care plan, based on the major clinical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome, what nursing diagnosis should the nurse include?
Excess fluid volume related to generalized edema
The nurse is preparing to reinforce teaching to a patient newly diagnosed with PKD. Which information does the nurse included?
Grapelike cysts will replace normal functioning structures Initial symptoms are dull heaviness in the flank area and hematuria
A client has end-stage renal failure. Which of the following should the nurse include when teaching the client about nutrition to limit the effect of azotemia?
Increase carbohydrates and limit protein intake
A client with end stage renal disease is scheduled to undergo a kidney transplant using a sibling donated kidney. The client asks if immunosuppressive drugs can be avoided. Which is the best response by the nurse?
"Even a perfect match does not guarantee organ success"
The nurse is admitting a client who is to undergo an open renal biopsy. About which of the following comments by the clients should the nurse be most concerned?
"I took my usual dose of Coumadin last night"
A nursing student asks the nurse why older adults are at risk for renal disease. The best response by the nurse is:
"The glomerular filtration rate decreases as we age"
The term cystitis refers to inflammation and/or infection of what part of the genitourinary system?
Bladder
When fluid intake is normal, the specific gravity of urine should be?
1.005-1.030
A nurse is calculating a client's fluid intake over the past 8 hrs. The client had one 8oz cup of coffee, 3oz of juice, and 12ooz of soda. The client's water pitcher had 800mL and 200mL remain. The client also has IV fluids infusing at 40mL/hr via IV pump. How many mL should the nurse document as the client's total intake for the shift?
1610mL
A nurse is calculating the fluid intake for an infant at the end of an 8-hr shift. For oral intake the infant had 10mL of medication, 3oz of formula, and 2oz of juice. In addition, the infant had IV fluid infusing at 20mL/hr via IV pump. The nurse should record how many mL of intake on the client's record?
320mL
A patient is to receive 1600mg of sevelamer (Renagel) orally with meals. Renagel 400mg tablets are available. How many tablets should the nurse give?
4 tabs
A client has decreased secretion of erythropoietin from the kidneys due to end-stage kidney disease. The nurse explains that the decrease in erythropoietin will have what effect?
Anemia from the decrease in malnutrition of red blood cells
A client with history of chronic renal failure receives hemodialysis treatments three times per week through an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the left arm. Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan?
Assess the AV fistula for a bruit and thrill
The nurse is checking patency of a new right arm arteriovenous fistula. What action does the nurse use to do this?
Auscultate bruit over the right arm fistula Palpate for thrill over the right arm fistula
The nurse is caring for a client after a cystoscopic examination. Following the procedure, the nurse informs the client that which effect may occur?
Blood-tinged urine
The client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find?
Coca-cola colored urine
Which laboratory test is the best indicator of kidney function?
Creatinine
% The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who is receiving 0.9% NS via IV at 125mL/hr, morphine IV for pain control, and gentamicin (Garamycin) IV every 8 hours for 24 hours. The patient is allergic to iodine. Morning labs are white blood cell 8,500, hemoglobin 12.4 g/d, and serum creatinine 2.2mg/dL. Which of these findings is a priority for the LVN to report to the RN?
Creatinine 2.2mg/dL
Which of the following urine characteristics would the nurse anticipate when caring for a patient whose lab work reveals a high urine specific gravity related to dehydration?
Dark amber urine
Which term describes painful or difficult urination?
Dysuria
A client is being treated for renal calculi and suspected hydronephrosis. Which measures should the nurse take to help maintain a record of the kidney's function?
Monitor the client's intake and output
The nurse cares for a clients with a right-arm arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for hemodialysis treatments. Which nursing action is contraindicated?
Obtaining a BP reading from the right arm
Which finding is an early indicator of bladder cancer?
Painless hematuria
A female client is undergoing a bladder training program as treatment for urinary incontinence. Which technique would be the most appropriate for the nurse to suggest?
Performing Kegel Exercise
What is a hallmark of the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria
Which term refers to inflammation of the renal pelvis?
Pyelonephritis
The nurse is reviewing the results of a patient's urinalysis. Which components does the nurse identify as being abnormal in urine?
RBC Nitrites Protein
Which of the following is an age-related change associated with the renal system?
Renal arteries thicken
A client diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum potassium level of 6.5mEq/L. The nurse anticipates administering:
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
A 15-year-old is admitted to the renal unit with a diagnosis of postinfectious glomerular disease. The nurse should recognize that this form of kidney disease may have been precipitated by what event?
Streptococcal infection
A patient informs the nurse that every time she sneezes or coughs, she urinates in her pants. What type of incontinence does the nurse recognize the patient is experiencing?
Stress incontinence
The clinic nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with a history of stress incontinence. What role will the nurse have in implementing a behavioral therapy approach?
Teach the client to perform pelvic floor muscle exercises
When a client with an indwelling urinary catheter wants to walk to the hospital lobby to visit family members, the nurse teaches him how to do this without compromising the catheter. Which client action indicates an accurate understanding of this information?
The clients keeps the drainage bag below the bladder at all times
A patient with pneumonia has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 32mg/dL and creatinine of 0.8mg/dL. What should the nurse realize is the most important probable explanation for this finding?
The patient is dehydrated
The nurse is caring for a client who is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious outside in hot weather. Dehydration is suspected. Baseline lab work including urine specific gravity is ordered. Which relation between the client's symptoms and urine specific gravity is anticipated?
The urine specific gravity will be high
The nurse who teaches a client about preventing recurrent urinary tract infections would include which statement?
Void immediately after sexual intercourse