GEO 115 FINAL EXAM
About how many different languages have been identified in Papua New Guinea?
1000
What are Hutments?
Crude shelters built on formerly busy sidewalks in India
What territory in South Asia is claimed by both India and Pakistan?
Kashmir
Who is the father-figure of Indian independence?
Mahatma Gandhi
Where do most people in South Asia live?
in compact rural villages
Where did Australia's Aborigine population originate?
Southeast Asia
What are bustees?
Sprawling squatter settlements in South Asia
Which country of South Asia has the region's overall highest level of social development, in terms of favorable social indicators?
Sri Lanka
Who are "Burmans"?
The dominant ethnic group in Myanmar
Are primate cities relatively common in Southeast Asia?
Yes
Which country of Southeast Asia has the region's highest total fertility rate?
East Timor
South Asia is likely to experience which of the following effects of climate change
Flooding, deforestation, wildlife extinction
The Vietnam War started when which European country tried to retain control of its Southeast Asian colonies?
France
What regions has Australia and Oceania weakened trade with over the past 30 years? What regions has it strengthened?
Great Britain //Japan, East Asia, Middle East, USA
Recently, Papua New Guinea has shifted its economy from the export of coconut products and coffee to what other product?
Hardwoods and minerals
What makes the physical environment of Southeast Asia distinctive?
Heavy forest
What is the most widely spoken language in South Asia?
Hindi
About how many distinct languages are spoken in Indonesia?
Hundreds, but separated into five families
Where is Pakistan's population concentrated?
In the drainage basin of the Indus
Under what conditions is swidden cultivation sustainable?
Increasing population density, roadbuilding, commercial logging
Which country of South Asia has the largest population in the region?
India
The recently independent country of East Timor was formerly part of what country of Southeast Asia?
Indonesia
What country is the world's most populous Muslim country and also has the largest population in the Southeast Asia?
Indonesia
What caused the dramatic decline in Guam's native bird species?
Introduction of the brown tree snake
What religion dominates in Pakistan and Bangladesh?
Islam
Sikhism is a blend of what two religions?
Islam and Hinduism
"Insular" Southeast Asia refers to what locations?
Islands (Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, East Timor)
High islands are defined as:
Islands that rise hundreds-thousands of feet above sea level
What role does the Grameen Bank play in Bangladesh?
It provides low-interest credit to fund small-scale enterprises
Most of the transmigration in Indonesia originates from what island?
Java
What economic activity is most important for Australia's economy?
Mining
What climatic factor dominates South Asia?
Monsoons
How have Burma's ethnic Shan rebels funded their efforts?
Narcotics trade
In which country of Australia/Oceania is the average life expectancy only 56, while 34 percent of its young people suffer from malnutrition?
New Guinea
Where in Australia/Oceania would anthropologists have the greatest chance of finding "uncontacted peoples"?
New Guinea highlands
In which country are Maoris the indigenous people?
New Zealand
What behavior does the South Asian religion of Jainism emphasize over all others?
Nonviolence
What kind of economic activity has the Indonesian government been trying to foster in order to improve its economy?
Oil exporting
What is ASEAN's relationship to the United States?
On friendly terms, but prevents countries like the US from gaining influence over countries in the region
What are kanakas?
Pacific Island laborers who worked on the plantations in Australia
In the early days of its colonization, Britain used Australia as a ________.
Penal (prison) colony
In which country of Southeast Asia has the Catholic Church been most successful in recent years in influencing family planning policies?
Philippines
What product is mined extensively on the island of Nauru in Micronesia?
Phosphate
Which region of India is considered to be its breadbasket (that is, its area of greatest agricultural productivity)?
Punjab
Which exotic animal, introduced in Australia, reached plague proportions, and was finally brought under control only after the purposeful introduction of a disease that affected only this particular introduced species?
Rabbits
Why have residents of the Marshall Islands been displaced over the past few decades?
Rising seas
What country in Southeast Asia is a city-state?
Singapore
What country of Southeast Asia has the region's lowest total Fertility Rate—a rate so low (below replacement level) that its population may soon begin to decline?
Singapore
What country of Southeast Asia is the most highly urbanized?
Singapore
Who are the Karen?
Sino-Tibetan Speaking language group found in south/southeast Myanmar
What group of people is at the top of the Hindu caste system?
The Brahmins
What are the Tamil Tigers?
a rebel force in Sri Lanka
Where do Australian cities tend to be located?
along the coasts
What is the only mammal native to Australia/Oceania?
Marsupials
What country has the highest population density in Southeast Asia?
Singapore
How long ago did the ancestors of Australia's aboriginal population make their way to Australia?
60,000 years ago
Approximately what percentage of Australia's population lives in urban areas along the coast?
91%
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by ________.
An active hot spot beneath the moving Pacific Plate
What country agreed to build a spaceport on Micronesia's Christmas Island?
Australia
What is the "Outback"?
Australia's huge, dry interior
What country of South Asia has been one of the most successful in the region in reducing its fertility rate?
Bangladesh
What is education like in Southeast Asia?
Basic education is available, but university and technical education is limited
What religion dominates in Bhutan?
Bhuddism
Which island in the Australia/Oceania region was known as the "Jewel of French Polynesia"?
Bora Bora
With what Southeast Asian country were the Khmer Rouge guerrillas associated?
Cambodia
Which country in South Asia is only 6 feet above level at its highest point, and therefore is most threatened by rising sea levels predicted to accompany climate change?
The Maldives
During the period of British colonialism in South Asia, why did the British allow the tribal Pashtun-speaking areas of what is now northwest Pakistan to retain their independence?
This region would serve as a secondary buffer against the Russians to the North.
What was the purpose of the Native Title Bill, which became law in Australia in 1993?
To give the Aboriginal population more control over its sacred lands
What was the purpose of the White Australia Policy?
To promote European and North American immigration
What activity has placed the greatest pressure on the forests of Southeast Asia?
commercial logging