GEO 350- test 2

Megalopolis occupies 1% of the continents total land but contains ___ percent of the population

17%

Manhatten

40% of the nations office space

bag fees

A fee charge to use a plastic bag designed to reduce waste and generate income to improve the environment

hammocks

A hardwood, and evergreen forested area that rises slightly above a flat plain

which of the following represents an equity challenge to sustainability in the gulf coastal plains

A legacy of Racial discrimination

cuesta

A ridge with a gentle slope on one side, and an escarpment on the other

sinkholes

A rounded depression in a landscape formed when an underground cavity collapses

Mangroves

A type of exposed root tree or shrub that grows in tidal estuaries or salt marshes

Biowales

A vegetative feature designed to filter out debris and pollution and surface water

___ land is under pressure in Megalopolis due to high land values and urban growth

Agricultural

Rice production is dominant today in what state

Arkansas

most southern Floridians live

Between Miami and Palm Beach

much of the Atlantic coastal areas were once title swamps and wetlands. They were originally cleared in order to.

Convert to agricultural land

The two groups that have migrated in great numbers to Florida are

Cubans, Retirees

which of the following is not a major environmental problem in Florida

Dependence on imported fruits and vegetables

barely above sea level this subregion was the last to emerge from the sea

Everglades

all, but one of the following are reasons that Cotton is no longer king in the gulf Delta

Farmer switched from Cotton to more profitable rice

The building of green LEED certified buildings has been enhanced because of

Government requirements for public buildings

today the Everglades ecosystem

Is endangered because natural flooding has been halted

The underlying cause for many lakes in Florida's lake district is

Karst

which of the following increase the impact of Hurricane Katrina

Lack of wetland buffers and breathable levees

The Florida Keys were created by

Limestone and coral reefs

Before the Quiet Revolution in the 1970's the largest city in Canada was ____ but after the Quiet Revolution ___ became the largest

Montreal/ Toronto

during the early decades of the 19th century, cotton wool textile mills were dominant in

New England cities with the largest rivers

which of the following was not one of the three east coast cultural hearths

New York

The largest city in North America during the 18th century was

Philadelphia, PA

____ was the city best situated in the 19th century to compete with NY for the primer position in culture, population, and trade

Philadelphia, PA

At the founding of Canada, in 1867 which of the following was not part of the original British North America act

Prince Edward Island

The largest city in the Narragansett Basin is

Providence, RI

Galveston's historical relation to Houston is

deep draft shipping channel

New York city became the primer port city largely due to

deep harbor costal position, access to the interior, building of the Erie Canal

The keys natural landscape is

desert

The population of Florida group at ___ the national rate in recent years

double

what role have wetlands played in the gulf coast? How has that role changed and what has been impacted?

during storms natural Levves direct floodwater to wetlands which absorb the water so that it does not flood the city. Wetlands are also home to migratory birds and ducks and support about 1/3 of the nations commercial fish. Wetlands have been dissolving into the gulf coast despite resource management. The disappearing wetlands no longer protect the gulf coast from flooding and storms. This has resulted in the infrastructure to be open to water conditions. This makes the city flood more and affects people living along the coast. It also has resulted in commercial fishing industry to decline rapidly

Montreal

established as a brick in bulk point on the St. Lawrence River. the city thrived as a center of drinking and nightlife during prohibition in the US

Jacksonville

florida's largest and most industrialized city

Everglades, water management

has drained much of the Everglades and is in short supply

The chemical industry along the Louisiana portion of the Mississippi river

has undergone environmental review since 1978 resulting in the United States becoming a net importer of chemicals

why did the founders choose to build a new capital city instead of using New York or Philadelphia? How was the city designed and what difficulties has it faced in it's planning throughout history?

The capital was chosen in Maryland because they cannot go south politically due to unacceptable slaveholding. The city was designed to be 10 mi.² on hilly and marshy land. The city only held a few federal buildings and was only ever housed when Congress met. The beltway highway was built to bypass the crowded streets of the capital but instead became the primary road and was congested

What were determining factors for the growth of Philadelphia in New York City? Why did New York City eventually surpassed Philadelphia in the largest city in the United States?

The determining factors were access and use of water ways. Agricultural and access to the inward of land also paid a role. New York past Philadelphia when the Erie canal was brought to New York along with its deep Harbor, coastal position, and access to the interior.

Tampa

The economy revolves around phosphates fisheries tourism and a shipping port

Fall Line

The line where the coastal plain meets the piedmont categorized by waterfalls and rapids

discuss the social, economic and political impacts on Florida due to large retired population

The retired population affects Florida, because their housing transportation recreation and healthcare differ from the rest, their population. they require ranch-style houses and more public transportation, which increases Florida's carbon emission. Since the majority of the population is older, they will tend to have more conservative opinions and drastically affect the political control. This large population could also cause developers to design retirement communities like the villages the house, everyone 65+

The most profitable technological area in the gulf coast is

in the Balcones Escarpment area

why is New Orleans called the inevitable city on the impossible site?

it is called the impossible site because it was built below sea level in an area that is highly susceptible to hurricanes. As climate change is occurring at a faster rate, water levels are rising and more extreme weather is occurring and the city is not prepared. The city has the walls around it's coastline to prevent water from the hurricane going into the city, but they will fail, because they are not tall enough due to the rising water levels.

sugarcane is a major Florida crop and yep there are several factors that make this crop unsustainable. Discuss where the sugarcane crop is located in Florida and the unsustainable nature Florida sugarcane crop

it is located in Palm Beach County behind nursery and citrus crops. It is less ideal to grow sugarcane in Florida because it is not a tropical climate. The weather is not warm enough, and the land is too wet to grow it without drainage. This caused new chemicals to be created in Florida to be able to grow the sugarcane. The sugarcane crop is the result of a political maneuver for profits.

Staten island

most suburban and least populated of the boroughs

In what ways are invasive species a threat in Florida? Give specific examples

non-native species that were unintentionally brought into the wild are starting to take over the Everglades. These invasive species have no natural predators so there's an abundance of them. one example would be the Burmese python and there are thousands of them in the Everglades today. they begin to overcome the ecosystem, and now live in other parts of Florida, like freshwater wetlands, and saline coastal fringe. This predators are already starting to affect the ecosystem, the food chains in Florida

Tallahassee

once a center of cotton production today, the economy is driven by education and government jobs

The bronx

only mainland borough

Ottawa

originally and organically growing city after it was declared the federal capital. It became a planned urban area with parks and bike paths.

The ___ is a New Jersey region of 650,000 acres and a low population density that has remained virtually intact due to its poor soils

pine barrens

The landscape features of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket were largely due to all of the following, except

precipitation patterns

many Florida beaches are

re-nourished continually from dredged sand

Queens

residential borough with about 50% immigrants and 2 airports

Snowbirds

seniors who relocate to Florida during the winter months

many illegal Hispanics across the Rio Grande and

settle in unincorporated areas called colonias

explain how the Everglades have changed since the early 20th century, including changes in vegetation and animal populations

since the 20th century the Everglades were modified and hydrologically changed resulting in the most of Florida to drain. Now only 7% of the Everglades remain a swamp. This also caused the animal populations to shift because more invasive species were starting to take over and kill the current ecology and ecosystem. Also, since the draining of the Everglades more saltwater is taking over freshwater and pollution are affecting the drinking water supply.

The lumber industry in the south is now dependent on

small diameter trees for pulpwood

bayou

small sluggish stream

Coquina

soft limestone, composed of fragments of shell and coral

The flatwood forests of the gulf coast Ecoregion have declined because of all but one of the following reasons

state and local park land

The impacts of acid rain include

stressing plants, deteriorating buildings, acidifying lakes

Brooklyn

the most populous of New York City's five boroughs

After 1945, Florida became the number-one producer of oranges for all of the following reasons except:

their concentration on navel oranges

what actions is Miami taking to confront climate change? compare Miami's approach to climate change to other parts of Florida

there was a $400 million sea level rise plan that consists of a series of storm water, pumps and proof drainage systems, elevated roads and higher Sewalls that was passed. This would combat the issues of flooding that is being caused due to climate change, raising the water levels. The Everglades hired a team to be on snake patrol to help manage so invasive species that have showed up due to climate change. Tampa had built green infrastructure with capture storm runoff in the streets are in public buildings.

Megalopolis cities were often built following the old organic city layout. This has benefitted the cities today in which of the following ways?

they follow earlier transportation methods and are therefore more compact

sources of pollution in the Chesapeake Bay include all of the following except

Trash from Pennsylvania and Maryland

oxbow lake

a crescent-shaped lake (often temporary) that is formed when a meander of a river is cut off from the main channel

Seigneurs

a feudal who owned a large estate due to a land grant from the French king

The reason, shrimp and fish cannot survive Hypoxia zone is because of

a lack of oxygen

long lots

a land division system that gives access to transportation arteries for the maximum number of farms

portage

a land division system that gives access to transportation arteries for the maximum number of farms

rift valley

a landform created by the sinking of land between 2 falls

Combined Statistical Area

a metropolitan area composed of surrounding metropolitan and micropolitan areas

Locks

a part of a waterway enclosed by gates and used to raise and lower boats

estuary

a semi-closed coastal body of water were seawater and freshwater mix

characteristics of the Mississippi river include all of the following, except

a steep gradient

how is urbanization increased vulnerability to natural disasters for the people of this region

along the coast, industrialization has occurred with the wetlands. The coast creates profit off ocean, front property and experiences/tourism. They have had to update and modernize the area to continue to keep up with the tourism and keep people coming. Due to this urbanization, this area is at an increased risk for vulnerability to natural disasters. Due to the disappearing wetlands and urbanization climate change is making natural disasters worse on the coast. Water is expanding, and sea levels are rising, which is making the risk of flooding in damage from the storm/hurricane higher.

The natural drainage system of the Mississippi river has been

altered by the Army Corps of Engineers

sharecroppers

an agricultural tenant who pays for use of the land with a predetermined share of the crop rather than cash

Cultural Hearth

an area from which cultural traits, ideas, and technology develop and diffuse to other areas

Orlando

an economically segregated city, despite its Imagineer design

Miami

an immigrant get away city that is also center of banking for central and South America

The reason that Greenwhich Village and Chelsea in NYC are not as built up as the wall street area is

bedrock is too far below to support high rises

what is celebration Florida? Would you like to live there? Why or why not?

celebration Florida is a disney City, recreated of what Walt Disney's childhood home, looked like it is a nostalgic town with pastel colored houses, front porches, picket fences, hidden garage and streets lit by lanterns. The town is under strict. Bylaws and developers can choose what plants to grow and everything is always sanitized

when Alabamans came to the Detroit area, they often followed other members of their family and something thing

chain migration

after the Civil War many plantations had to change their operations, the major way to continually work the land was to

create a sharecropper or tenant framing system

embayment

A coastline recess, forming a sediment filled low-lying basin

cajuns living in Louisiana and are descendants of

Acadians

What are some of the factors that have made Megalopolis a prime region for sustainable initiatives? Provide some examples

Acid Rain, Air pollution, Overcrowding the Megalopolis is densely populated and is ideal for transit oriented development. It already has the most mass transport, so by using TOD they reduce carbon footprint and increase property values. There were blackouts in the megalopolis, and that called for in need of upgraded infrastructure. They then needed to purchase green power for renewable energy, causing less pollution. They also purchased wind offsets which reduced greenhouse gas emissions

The peninsula of Florida was part of __ 200 million years ago before it attached to North America

Africa

Located on the Chesapeake Bay this megalopolis city has lost about 1/3 of its population since the 1950s

Baltimore, MD

there is a part of Canada that contain 60% of the people and only 2% of the land. This region is partially located along what river?

St Lawrence river

disease was periodically epidemic in the Gulf region historically because

all of the above

how has the Mississippi river changed overtime and what are the consequences of our current actions in controlling the river?

before humans have intervened the lower part of the river meandered in a 180° turn losing elevation as it near the coast. It shifted much more frequently and moved quicker. The middle region of the river was an important settlement area for native Americans and the French. Humans have channelized the river for flood control, which is negatively impacted, sediment disposition. Wetlands are starved and the result has been loss of over 1 million coastlands. Canals were built that destroyed ecosystems, wetlands and marshes by saltwater intrusion. Water levels rose from lack of wetlands, causing flooding's. Pipeline and canal systems continued to impact offshore production of gas and oil. Protections have been put in place but it's too late.

Colonias

border community, lacking infrastructure

in 1879 national policy has defined the Canadian economy. What did it do?

build and protect Canadas industry and goods

the Balcones Escarpment was important in the location of Austin and San Antonio, Texas because

local aqua fires in the escarpment provided water for the cities

The major profit motive for identifying salt domes was

locator for oil and gas deposits