geo ch10 motion inside earth
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below. Earth is long overdue for a magnetic reversal because during the past 15 million years Earth's magnetic field reversed every 200,000 years, on average, and the last reversal was 780,000 years ago. The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. The assertion and the reason are both correct. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct.
Judge the following sentences according to the criteria given below. A student disputes the process of mantle convection. They argue that rock is solid and cannot flow. They challenge their classmates to provide evidence for present day mantle convection. A classmate shows them a seismic tomographic map and cross section showing variations in S-wave velocities. The seismic tomographic map and cross section do show evidence for present day mantle convection and offers a strong affirmation of mantle convection. The seismic tomographic map and cross section do show evidence present day mantle convection but this data cannot be used as evidence for mantle convection. The seismic tomographic map and cross section has a random pattern of S-wave velocities and offers no evidence for anything. The seismic tomographic map and cross section shows evidence for mantle convection in the past but not for present day mantle convection.
The seismic tomographic map and cross section do show evidence for present day mantle convection and offers a strong affirmation of mantle convection.
Evaluate the following statement. "Convection is a process of heat transfer that requires movement and is not possible in the solid rock regions of Earth." This statement is true; however, convection occurs in the pliable regions of Earth and causes earthquakes to move solid rock. This statement is false; convection can only occur in liquids and gases. The statement is true; heat transfer occurs only by other methods in the solid rock regions of Earth. The statement is false; solid rock movement is possible at a slow rate.
The statement is false; solid rock movement is possible at a slow rate.
What did Glatzmaier and Roberts' model suggest as a reason for magnetic reversal? interactions between magnetic fields in the inner and outer cores alterations to forces on Earth by other planets alterations to forces on Earth by changes in the Sun metamorphism of rocks in the crust
interactions between magnetic fields in the inner and outer cores
What occurred to magnetic field strength in Glatzmaier and Roberts' model during polarity reversals? it decreased it stayed the same it increased it disappeared
it decreases
How many years were required for a magnetic reversal to occur according to Glatzmaier and Roberts' computer simulation? 500 1,000 20,000 200,000
200,000
What happened to the initial magnetic field introduced into the computer simulation by Glatzmaier and Roberts? It faded away and never returned. It increased. It decreased. It became self-sustaining.
It became self-sustaining.
What is a possible effect of a magnetic reversal on Earth's organisms? Species become extinct as they lose their navigational ability. Organisms are subjected to greater amounts of cosmic radiation. Organisms are subjected to greater amounts of radioactivity. Organisms will change their habitats with the accompanying climate change.
Organisms are subjected to greater amounts of cosmic radiation.
What hypothesis has been presented for the close parallel relationship of the magnetic field and the rotation axis? Rotation causes spiraling convection currents in the outer core. Rotation causes spiraling convection currents in the outer mantle. Rotation causes spiraling convection currents in the inner mantle. Rotation causes spiraling convection currents in the inner core.
Rotation causes spiraling convection currents in the outer core.
Which observation indicates that heat is integral to the movement of fluid in a lava lamp? The lava moves upward when it reaches 50 degrees C. The liquids expand as heat is applied. The density of the lava decreases as it reaches 50 degrees C. There is no movement of fluid in a cold lava lamp.
There is no movement of fluid in a cold lava lamp.
Liquid metal at the base of the outer core moves upward due to ________ convection. thermal chemical brittle elastic
chemical
Which factor is not included in Glatzmaier and Roberts' model? Earth's rotation compositional convection convective motion electricity and magnetism
compositional convection
Which type of heat transfer is described as the transfer of heat from hot regions to cold regions? conduction transference convection radiation
conduction
Which type of heat transfer occurs without any movement of matter? transduction and radiation conduction and radiation transference and conduction convection and radiation
conduction and radiation
What force is most responsible for convection on Earth? gravity elasticity pressure density
gravity
Which factor is not important to the generation of magnetic current in Earth's core? electrical conductivity of iron rotation of Earth motion caused by convection great heat in the core
great heat in the core
Which property most inhibits convection? elasticity viscosity density rigidity
viscosity
