GEOG 200 AUST, NEW ZEAL, ANTARCTICA AND PACIFIC

About ___ percent of Australians live in cities or towns.

90

Native Australians are known as:

Aboriginals

The finger of land extending from the main body of Antarctica toward South America is known as the ____________________.

Antarctic Peninsula

Prior to independence, New Guinea was administered by:

Australia

Which country temporarily withdrew from UNCLOS as an indirect result of the independence of East Timor?

Australia

The Australian capital city is:

Canberra

The city that centers the Australian Capital Territory is ______________.

Canberra

The chief farming region of New Zealand s South Island is the ________________ Plain.

Canterbury

Australia s top customer for its goods is ____________.

China

Australia s newest neighbor, which successfully seceded from Indonesia and became independent in 2002, is _______________.

East Timor

The UNCLOS allows states to claim all resources within a(n) _____________ that extends up to 200 nautical miles from their coasts.

Exclusive Economic Zone

Australia currently does not permit the immigration of people who do not have European ancestry.

False

Australia s plants and animals are closely related to those of Africa.

False

Biogeography is divided into the fields of climatology and geomorphology.

False

Countries have always claimed at least 12 nautical miles of offshore water as part of their territorial sea.

False

Exclusive Economic Zones are always less extensive than territorial seas.

False

In contrast to Australia, New Zealand s economy is mainly industrial.

False

Like the Antarctic, the Arctic is divided amongst various counties into well defined territories.

False

New Zealand is located about 1,000 miles northeast of Australia.

False

Papua New Guinea is located in Polynesia.

False

Polynesia is the Pacific s most populous region.

False

Polynesian culture is characterized by its variety, diversity, and inconsistency from island to island in the Pacific.

False

Russia stands to gain the most from the opening of the Arctic.

False

Sydney, Australia s modern capital, overcame competition from Melbourne to be selected as the national headquarters.

False

The South Pole is today claimed by the United States, whose explorer Marie Byrd was first to reach this distant outpost in 1895.

False

The islands of Micronesia tend to be small, but they are, on average, higher in elevation than the islands of Melanesia.

False

The largest city in Melanesia is Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

False

The proportion of Australia s population living in urban areas is presently about half that found in Western Europe.

False

Whereas Australia s population exhibits a strongly peripheral pattern of distribution, New Zealand s population is much more evenly dispersed.

False

Which of the following remains under colonial administration?

Guam

A U.S. state that is a part of the Pacific realm is ______________.

Hawai'i

Which of the following about New Caledonia is incorrect?

It remains under British rule.

The LOS in UNCLOS stands for _____________________.

Law of the Sea

New Zealand s largest ethnic minority group, whose roots are Polynesian, is known as the:

Maori

The animals found in Australia who carry their young in pouches are collectively known as:

Marsupials

The island of New Guinea is included in the Pacific region known as:

Melanesia

Which of the following cities is located nearest the Australian capital of Canberra?

Melbourne

The Pacific region that from the end of World War II through the 1980s was largely a United States Trust territory is _____________.

Micronesia

Which of the following statements about the physical environment of the Austral Realm is incorrect?

New Zealand has earthquakes and volcanoes; Australia has only volcanoes.

The vast interior rural area of Australia is known as the:

Outback

In territorial size, the largest country in Melanesia is:

Papua New Guinea

The largest cluster of population in Melanesia is found in:

Papua New Guinea

The people of New Guinea are:

Papuans

Regionally, the Hawaiian Islands are part of:

Polynesia

The Pacific region called ___________ takes its name from the word for many, and is contained within a huge triangle whose corners are New Zealand, Easter Island, and the Hawaiian Islands.

Polynesia

Shallow offshore continuations of coastal plains into adjacent seafloors are known as continental _____________.

Shelves

The term Austral means _______________.

South

The northern boundary of the Southern Ocean is called the _______________ Convergence.

Subtropical

The island across the Bass Strait off the southeastern coast of Australia is called:

Tasmania

Which of the following about Fiji is incorrect?

The vast majority of Fijians are of Melanesian heritage.

An international agreement allows exclusive 200-nautical-mile (320-km) fishing zones for coastal states.

True

Australia has had a long-term relationship with Papua New Guinea to assist that country s development.

True

Australia is a federal political entity consisting of six States and two federal territories.

True

Australia is the only world geographic realm that lies completely in the Southern Hemisphere.

True

Australia s aboriginal population totals about 2% of its total population.

True

Australia s successful mixed horticulture is cultivated using irrigation.

True

Australia, like the US, experienced a gold rush.

True

Before the European invasion, New Zealand would have been included in the Pacific World.

True

Broken Hill and Mount Isa are both mineral-rich complexes of Australia.

True

High-island cultures are associated with fertile soils and farming economies.

True

If no European had settled in new Zealand, it would have been part of the Pacific Realm.

True

In the Pacific realm, the so-called high islands mainly have volcanic origins, whereas the low islands are made of coral.

True

Low-island environments are marked by economies based on fishing.

True

Maori is an official language of New Zealand.

True

Melanesia is the most heavily populated of the three Pacific regions.

True

New Caledonia is still under French rule.

True

New Guinea is a part of Melanesia, a Pacific region that also includes the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia.

True

New Zealand s interior is as sparsely populated as Australia s.

True

Pie-shaped best describes the cartographic form of national territorial claims that have been made in Antarctica.

True

Sydney, Australia s largest metropolis, contains more than one-fifth of the country s entire population.

True

The Antarctic Treaty that presently holds national land claims at abeyance expired in 1991 and was replaced by the Wellington Agreement.

True

Today, fully a quarter of Australia s population is foreign born.

True

Which of the following is located in Melanesia?

Vanuatu

Which of the following is located in Micronesia?

Vanuatu

The historic 1840 agreement between the Maori and Europeans in New Zealand is known as the Treaty of:

Waitangi

Which of the following is true?

While much of interior Australia is desert, most of interior New Zealand is mountainous.

__________ is the study of fauna in a spatial perspective.

Zoogeography

The dominant economic activity associated with high-island cultures is:

agriculture

For many years, Australia had an immigration policy that ____________________.

allowed only white people to enter the country

A territorial sea is:

an adjacent area of the ocean where all of the rights of a coastal state prevail

The environmental crisis that most severely threatens economic activity in the Murray-Darling river basin is:

drought

The governmental structure of Australia is that of a:

federal state

The agricultural activity most closely associated with Australia s tropical climate is:

growing sugar cane

The better-watered volcanic islands, where the economy is based upon agriculture, are known as:

high islands

Which of the following is not one of Australia s major problems?

land border disputes

Wallace s Line refers to the ____________________.

line separating Australian animal species from non-Australian species

When a body of water is less than 24 nautical miles wide, the boundary between the states on each shore is drawn along the:

median line

Arctic claims can be made by all but which of the following countries:

of Finland

Most of the core area of Australia is located in the _________.

southeast

Which of the following countries has made no claim to territory in Antarctica?

the United States