Geography
According to a 2008 European Commission study, what percentage of the world's population is more than 2 days travel time from a city of 50,000 people or more
10%
In 2014, scientists estimated that what percentage of the air pollution in LA, CA actually originated in China
12-24 percent
All human life began in Africa and started to migrate out about _______ years ago
150,000
The Mughal Empire was the last Muslim empire to rule in South Asia. The time period of Mughal rule was approximately:
1526-1857 CE
British influence and later rule in South Asia started in the 1600s and ended in the ______ when Pakistan and India became independent.
1940s
In the 1930's in southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, more than 98% of the people were indigenous, and they were apportioned about ________ percent of the land.
30%
In the 1930s in southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, more than 98 percent of the people were indigenous, and they were apportioned about _____ percent of the land.
30%
The drainage basins of the major South Asia rivers support about _______ of the region's people.
700 Million
Pakistan is a highly populated Islamic country in South Asia. One of the three major ethnic groups there are the Pashtun. They are also a major ethnic group in:
Afghanistan
Land alienation and societal marginalization was felt by many ________________ during the first half of the twentieth century.
Africans
In India the strong cultural preference for sons over daughters is prevalent among:
All Societies
A number of social scientists suggest that we should measure more than wealth in our assessment of development. What else should we access to economic growth?
All of them
The influence of human behavior on earth since the Industrial Revolution in the late 1700s is so significant that it constitutes as geological era called the
Anthropocene
What was they system of legal segregation of people by race, ethnicity, and ancestry used in South Africa until the early 1990s
Aparatheid
What was the system of legal segregation of people by race, ethnicity, and ancestry used in South Africa until the early 1990s?
Apartheid
In 2011, longtime leaders in the countries of Libya, Tunisia, and Egypt were toppled in what is called the:
Arab Spring
Most developed countries are located in the Northern Hemisphere. Which of the following are notable exceptions
Australia, and New Zealand
Which of the following is the negative impact on a region from economic growth in another region
Backwash
The largest language family in Subsaharan Africa is the Niger-Kordofanian and includes the widespread __________ languages of West and Southern Africa.
Bantu
The earlier name for a portion of modern-day Iraq is Mesopotamia, which means:
Between the Rivers
Temperature and rainfall are two of the major factors determining a:
Biome
The primary rivers systems of South Asia are the Ganges, Indus, and:
Brahmaputra
Monks and monastic life is an important part of the social hierarchy of which religion?
Buddhism
The hearths of two major world religions are found in South Asia. These are Hinduism and:
Buddhism
What is the cheapest method to transport heavy goods and materials
By Sea
Which country is found in the equatorial climate zone
Cameroon
The "Big Five" megafauna that drives much of the ecotourism trade include lions, elephants, leopards, rhinos, and:
Cape Buffalo
Which country has the highest GNI in South America
Chile
Which of the following is a good example of a country that moved from the periphery to the semiperiphery as it increasingly engaged in manufacturing and became a major global exporter, as exemplified by the heavy freight traffic in Hong Kong Harbor
China
Why do some scholars think China will supersede the US as the dominant world superpower
China has grown as a global epicenter of manufacturing
What is the leading fair trade product
Coffee
One way geographers have thought about scale is by using ____________ circles to represent the finest resolution of scale, from the individual at the center out to the global scale.
Concentric
Varanasi, India, is the city associated with what Hindu tradition?
Death
Although people in remote locations have gained connection through Internet access and mobile phone usage, there is a notable gap between the average bandwidth and accessibility, creating what is referred to as the
Digital Divide
More than any other world region, Southwest Asia and North Africa are noted for:
Dryness
What refers to situations in which two areas are in relationship with one another
Dualism
When were many national parks, hunting reserves, and forest preserves created in Africa?
During colonial times
A policy promoting growth of gross national happiness, rather than ____________ growth, is sanctioned by the monarchy of Bhutan.
Economic
There were 2 waves of colonialism between 1500 and 1975. What's not true about the first wave
Economies were focused on tourism
The Indus Valley Civilization flourished around the same time as those of the:
Egyptians and Sumerians
Other than the ICTZ, another important factor affecting climate in Sub-Saharan Africa is
Elevation
Other than the ITCZ, another important factor affecting climate in Subsaharan Africa is:
Elevation
Transportation networks may be intentionally designed to
Enhance connectivity for some communities while marginalizing others
Geographers went through their own period where they used environmental differences to explain everything from intelligence to wealth. What is this set of theories called?
Environmental Determinism
What does the term Scramble for Africa refer to
European powers arbitrarily divided the World's second largest continent among themselves
Christianity spreading from one person to another as one taught the next the tenets of the faith is an example of
Expansion Diffusion
The purpose of colonial railway lines was primarily to
Export Resources
While wealthier economies may appear to be cleaner, much of this gain may be the result of ___________ dirty industries to other countries (hence, there is no net gain for the global environment).
Exporting
T or F: About 25% of African cities were established before European colonization
False
T or F: According to world system theorists, Rostow's stages of economic growth will occur, thanks to a set of exploitative relationships between more developed and least developed
False
T or F: Africa has a lengthy coastline and many large rivers and lakes, including Lake Victoria. For these reasons and others, fishing is a very important and major sector of food production across the region
False
T or F: Buddhism predates Hinduism
False
T or F: Due to every sovereign state having a vote, the World Bank and IMF tend to be more democratic than the UN
False
T or F: Economic growth always leads to broad-based improvements in the human condition
False
T or F: International Financial Institutions, including the World Bank and the IMF have no opening up national economies to global markets
False
T or F: Italy produced more Catholic missionaries during the second half of the nineteenth century than any other country in the World
False
T or F: The World Bank was initially created to provide loans for reconstruction and development following WW2
False
T or F: The fertile plains of the Mekong Delta, coupled with predictable monsoon rains in summer, create the perfect environment for wet tobacco cultivation.
False
T or F: The vast majority of foreign aid provided by countries tends to go to the countries most in need of assistance
False
T or F: Wealth generated by economic growth is usually spread across a population evenly
False
Gendered eating practices in rural Bangladesh (and India), means that a motherfirst feeds her:
Father-in-law
Bangladesh was formerly called East Pakistan, and today many NGOs operate here to alleviate poverty. Which of the following is a major problem for Bangladeshis?
Flooding
Geographers often describe the nature of economies in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary economic activities. Which of the following is not part of primary activities?
Forestry
Because the British colonial administration sought to extract wealth from local populations and increased the need for cash crops to pay taxes, they caused at least:
Four Major Famines
The prevailing colonial power in North Africa until the 1950s and 1960s was the:
French
Which of the following describes the process of heightening interactions, increasing interdependence, and deepening relations across country boundaries
Globalization
The process of a company adapting its product to meet the demands of local culture is known as:
Glocalization
The road to Indian Independence was led by Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs, many of whom were educated in:
Great Britain
What is the term for the introduction of hybrid seeds, new fertilizers and pesticides, and in some cases mechanization?
Green Revolution
What is the term for the introduction of hybrid seeds, new fertilizers, and pesticides, and in some cases mechanization
Green Revolution
Several components in the atmosphere are responsible for the greenhouse effect, including water vapor, methane, ozone, nitrous oxides, carbon dioxide, and other trace gases. Collectively, these are known as:
Greenhouse Gases
In many studies, researchers have found human contact with monkeys to be the source of:
HIV/AIDS
Which disease is not a vector-transmitted disease
HIV/AIDS
Which disease is not a vector-transmitted disease?
HIV/AIDS
During the time of the winter solstice, a dry, northeasterly winds known as _____________ sweep over West Africa.
Harmattan
The origin or place that a new good or service is initially produced is referred to as
Hearth
Which of the following is a term often used by geographers to describe the dominance of one state on the global stage
Hegemon
Hutments and other slum settlements in South Asia are an example of:
High Density Housing
What describes a type of transportation network where a few, large central nodes are connected to smaller points
Hub-and-Spoke System
What tool assesses life expectancy, literacy, years of schooling, and per capita GDP?
Human Development Index
In general, Americans change their behavior by increasing their use of public transportation and purchasing more fuel-efficient stuff
In response to a significant increase in gas prices
What fueled the second wave of colonization in the second half of the nineteenth century?
Industrialization
Suburbs, large roads, limited sidewalks, and a near lack of public transportation characterize the United States. These aspects are largely the result of......
Inexpensive oil prices
Most street vendors, local craftsmen, farmer's markets, and roadside stalls are all part of the:
Informal Economy
Pressure systems, wind patterns, and precipitation in the tropics are heavily impacted by
Insolation
Throughout the entire year, tropical regions around the equator receive mainly direct:
Insolation
Palestine was partitioned by the United Nations in 1948 to create the state of:
Israel
Colonizers focused on gaining lands to establish large-scale agricultural production in the Americas and to establish trading posts for the Atlantic slave trade in Africa and ports for the spice trade in Asia. What best describes this trading system?
It has a global reach
What is the ITCZ
It is a low-pressure belt whose location migrates
What is the ITCZ?
It is a low-pressure belt whose location migrates
What is not true about the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010
It would have been worse if the country had not enacted tough building codes in 1985
An observant member of which religion is a strict vegan and believes that all animals and plants have souls?
Jainism
Although Arabic diffused with Islam, several other languages remain important in SW Asia and North Africa. These include Hebrew, Berber, Farsi, Turkish and:
Kurdish
What is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia?
Laos
To defy British power, what did Mahatma Gandhi do in 1930?
Led a march about salt
The effects of global climate change will be distributed unevenly across the planet. Which of the following is not a factor contributing to the vulnerability of a group of people
Level of Education (T or F Questions)
Geographers recognize the power of the content of national policies or the behavior of multinational companies to influence events and a wide range of global issues. What are these influencers called?
Local Actors
The 45 degree line of the _____ curve represents the perfect equality, where equal portions of the population control equal amounts of income
Lorenz
The failure of public schools in Pakistan has led to the creation of many more:
Madrasas
Identify the correct trade flow
Manufactured goods, slaves, commodities
Geographers Oppong and Kalipeni look to colonial labor structures as having a strong role in the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. This is the __________ thesis.
Migrant Labor
___________ identifies the structure, layout, and infrastructure of a city.
Morphology
An important part of colonialism was dependency. This was accomplished in many ways and usually included creating a:
Need for Money
An important part of colonialism was dependency. This was accomplished in many ways and usually included creating a
Need for money
In early history, the primary purpose for colonialism was
Need for resources and tribute
The World Bank and its credit management is an example of
Neocolonialism
The World Bank and its credit management is an example of:
Neocolonialism
The major rivers responsible for much of the life and agriculture in Southwest Asia and North Africa are the Euphrates and:
Nile and Tigris
What is the most important cash crop export in Mediterranean agriculture, especially in Tunisia?
Olive Oil
Most African countries became independent from colonial rule by 1960, and in 1964 formed the
Organization for African Unity
Where climate impacts agriculture with too little rain, such as the Sahel and other dry savanna biomes, people mainly practice:
Pastoralism
____ _________ (or per person) basis allows comparisons between countries regardless of population size
Per Capita
The vast majority of petroleum resources being exported from Southwest Asia and North Africa come from the countries bordering the:
Persian Gulf
Outsourcing has changed significantly since the original model. Since 2011, which country has surpassed India with over 350,000 call centers?
Phillipines
South Asia is called the subcontinent because of:
Plate Tectonics
What is a choropleth map used to show
Population Density
A major obstacle that developing countries often face is the problem of being stuck as a producer of raw materials, or stuck in an economy dominated by the ___sector
Primary
What is not the most common measurement of wealth
Purchasing Power
Migrants weigh their reasons for going to a particular place based on complex:
Push and Pull factors
What are underground conduits for water collection from aquifers in ancient Iran called?
Qanats
A transportation network that favors movement to and from a central point or location, such as a capital city to a residential area as what type of network
Radial
Development ideas that emphasize structure, or the global framework under which countries operate, say that the _______ between countries are as or more important than internal policies for determining the future development of a country
Relationships
When migrants leave home for a new place, they take part of their home culture with them through:
Relocation Diffusion
Densely populated zones of Africa include the Nile River, coastal West, southern Africa, and:
Rift Valley Lake District
Wahhabism is a fundamentalist sect of Islam that exhorts piety, rejection of non-Muslim beliefs, and segregation of men and women in public spaces. This sect dominates:
Saudi Arabia
Which of the following is characterized by vast grasslands and isolated trees?
Savanna
About 15 percent of all Muslims believe that a descendant of the prophet Muhammad should lead the faithful. This branch of Islam is the:
Shi'a
Which religion is located primarily in the Punjab region and denounces the caste system by affirming that all people are equal?
Sikhism
Since the end of WWII, Sri Lanka has fought one of the bloodiest civil wars in the world. On one side is the Tamil ethnic group and on the other side is the:
Sinhalese
Local factors have a significant influence on a place; two geographic terms that describe these local factors are:
Site and Situation
Corn, yams, cassava, and bananas are common crops in areas of which type of agriculture?
Slash-and-Burn
Between 1914 and the end of World War II, the Jewish population of Palestine grew from 60,000 to:
Slightly more than 500,000
Related to Arabic in North Africa and the Middle East, are some of the main languages spoken in much of Ethiopia and:
Somalia
Subsaharan Africa includes all of the countries:
South of the Sahara
What is the most seriously affected HIV/AIDS region?
Southern Africa
Political scientists outlined four hegemons between 1500 and 2000. Select the correct match of our country and century below
Spain - 1500s Netherlands - 1600s Great Britain - 1700s and 1800s US - 1900s
The first wave of colonialism was sparked by these European colonial powers
Spain and Portugal
Which of the following is not consistent with strong globalization
States (countries) play an increasingly significant role in world trade
The place on earth receiving the direct rays of the sun is the:
Subsolar Point
Some of the first self-sufficient city states were located in:
Sumeria
_______ development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Sustainable
Modern colonialism began in 15th century Europe. It was different from the Roman or any other preceding empires because the modern era was specifically gaining
Territory
Nationalization of resources, such as copper in Zambia, means that ___ _________ now controls and owns it
The Government
As a percentage of GNI, which of the following countries contributes the most total dollars in foreign aid?
The US
To "maintain international peace and security" was the mission statement for this organization following WW2
The United nations
Nationalization of resources, such as copper in Zambia, means that _____________ now controls and owns it.
The government
Permanent cultivation of corn, potatoes, and greens is especially common in high-population-density areas of:
The highlands of Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda
In cities, one often sees a radial network of commuter trains that goes out from the central business district (CBD) of a city to residential neighborhoods and suburbs. Why has the growth of businesses within the city suburbs led to massive traffic congestion?
The hub and spoke system favors train travel to the city, but makes train travel from suburb to suburb inconvenient
Reasoning behind the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs to promote free trade
There was a belief that trade restrictions had led to the Great Depression
Why were STPIs started in India in the 1990s?
They provided economic incentives to grow India's role in the global economy.
During the 1980s and 1990s, economists described the rapidly growing economies of Southeast Asia as:
Tigers
By the 1200s CE, more than 25,000 students attended a university in __________. It is located at the southern end of the Saharan caravan routes on the Niger River.
Timbuktu
What describes the process that accelerates the experience of time and reduces the significance of distance in info technology networks
Time-Space Compression
What is not one of the leading fair trade products
Tobacco
Short-term travel to a destination away from home with the central purpose of recreation and relaxation is called:
Tourism
Negotiating how they make sense of themselves by balancing their home identity with their identity in their country of destination, migrants create:
Transnational Identities
In addition to the Sahara, Africa has about 5 million square miles of
Tropical Savanna
T or F: After hundreds of billions of dollars given in international development aid over the last 20 years, academics, donors, and donor countries are questioning the value of international development assistance
True
T or F: Agricultural surplus is a precondition for the development and growth of cities.
True
T or F: Another way to consider development is to measure the variability of human well-being
True
T or F: Bali is part of Indonesia, but its Hindu culture, dating back to the eleventh century, sets it apart from the rest of the predominantly Muslim country.
True
T or F: Geographers have tended to describe development as a process of change in the composition of an economy of a particular region and the well-being of its inhabitants, relative to other areas
True
T or F: Geographers no longer espouse environmental determinism, seeing it as a vast oversimplification of the world
True
T or F: Geographers use scale conceptually to show the differences across geographic areas
True
T or F: If a country is importing far more than it is exporting, it may have an economic shortage of cash
True
T or F: In the US, the value of the dollar is no longer tied to the value of gold
True
T or F: In the developing world, the vast majority of dams were built as development projects in an effort to help launch newly independent countries onto the ladder of development. Today, geographers who study development recognize that this wave of dam development had major negative environmental implications
True
T or F: Islam and Christianity both spread with a hierarchical diffusion pattern in many places.
True
T or F: Most new economic geographers continue to believe fair trade is the best route to development
True
T or F: Slums grow fastest where massive numbers of rural poor migrate to the cities
True
T or F: Southeast Asia has two distinct physical geographies: one comprising thousands of islands in the Pacific Ocean and extending to the eastern Indian Ocean and the other on the mainland of of the Asian continent
True
T or F: T-Shirt Travels demonstrates how a simple act of kindness, donating your old T-shirts to the Salvation Army or Goodwill, has resulted in undermining the textile industry in Zambia and other African countries where imported secondhand clothing is more popular than locally made clothing.
True
T or F: The Opium War between Great Britain and China originated when the Chinese banned opium sales in China due to health concerns. However, Britain's main concern was the huge trade deficit it was running with China
True
T or F: The mega-city of Jakarta, Indonesia, is one of the larger cities in the world with a population of over 10 million
True
T or F: The strong globalization viewpoint holds that developing countries are now persuaded by the lure of global capital to open their stuff to investment by foreign corps
True
T or F: The thousands of islands of Southeast Asia are volcanic arcs formed along plate boundaries with highlands in the interior surrounded by miles of coastlines.
True
T or F: The vast majority of development aid tends to favor the most powerful members of a community, who are better at articulating their wants and capturing new resources
True
T or F: Unequal exchange occurs when laborers in one country produce a good receiving low wages and then the good is processed through a commodity chain incorporating shipping and marketing and is solid at a relatively high value
True
T or F: World system theorists contend that the same good can be produced with either core or peripheral processes
True
In 1945, following the world wars, this organization had 51 countries : in 2015, members has grown to 193 members
United Nations
The relative importance of cities over smaller towns and rural areas is referred to as
Urban Heirarchies
Following Thailand, this country is the second largest exporter of rice in the world.
Vietnam
By importing grain rather than growing it, what else are countries importing?
Virtual Water
At the time of independence for India and Pakistan, what happened in the state of Kashmir?
War
When air descends at the subtropical high-pressure cells, the air:
Warms
Microcredit lending programs in Bangladesh and other countries focuses on loans to:
Women
Unlike other regions of the world, the majority of people in Subsaharan Africa living with HIV are:
Women
The creation of a national homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine was encouraged by Great Britain and the:
Zionists
Which of the following is not consistent with weak globalization
emerged since the 1970s
Winds flow from high pressure to:
low pressure
When a monsoon occurs in the summer, it is because of the:
northerly location of a low-pressure belt.
A monsoon is similar to:
predictable rainfall
The physical boundaries of Southwest Asia and North Africa have contributed to all but which of the following?
stable, democratic governments
Ideas and goods diffuse from the hearth first
to places most connected to the hearth
A monsoon in South Asia occurs:
twice a year
