Geography

According to a 2008 European Commission study, what percentage of the world's population is more than 2 days travel time from a city of 50,000 people or more

10%

In 2014, scientists estimated that what percentage of the air pollution in LA, CA actually originated in China

12-24 percent

All human life began in Africa and started to migrate out about _______ years ago

150,000

The Mughal Empire was the last Muslim empire to rule in South Asia. The time period of Mughal rule was approximately:

1526-1857 CE

British influence and later rule in South Asia started in the 1600s and ended in the ______ when Pakistan and India became independent.

1940s

In the 1930's in southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, more than 98% of the people were indigenous, and they were apportioned about ________ percent of the land.

30%

In the 1930s in southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, more than 98 percent of the people were indigenous, and they were apportioned about _____ percent of the land.

30%

The drainage basins of the major South Asia rivers support about _______ of the region's people.

700 Million

Pakistan is a highly populated Islamic country in South Asia. One of the three major ethnic groups there are the Pashtun. They are also a major ethnic group in:

Afghanistan

Land alienation and societal marginalization was felt by many ________________ during the first half of the twentieth century.

Africans

In India the strong cultural preference for sons over daughters is prevalent among:

All Societies

A number of social scientists suggest that we should measure more than wealth in our assessment of development. What else should we access to economic growth?

All of them

The influence of human behavior on earth since the Industrial Revolution in the late 1700s is so significant that it constitutes as geological era called the

Anthropocene

What was they system of legal segregation of people by race, ethnicity, and ancestry used in South Africa until the early 1990s

Aparatheid

What was the system of legal segregation of people by race, ethnicity, and ancestry used in South Africa until the early 1990s?

Apartheid

In 2011, longtime leaders in the countries of Libya, Tunisia, and Egypt were toppled in what is called the:

Arab Spring

Most developed countries are located in the Northern Hemisphere. Which of the following are notable exceptions

Australia, and New Zealand

Which of the following is the negative impact on a region from economic growth in another region

Backwash

The largest language family in Subsaharan Africa is the Niger-Kordofanian and includes the widespread __________ languages of West and Southern Africa.

Bantu

The earlier name for a portion of modern-day Iraq is Mesopotamia, which means:

Between the Rivers

Temperature and rainfall are two of the major factors determining a:

Biome

The primary rivers systems of South Asia are the Ganges, Indus, and:

Brahmaputra

Monks and monastic life is an important part of the social hierarchy of which religion?

Buddhism

The hearths of two major world religions are found in South Asia. These are Hinduism and:

Buddhism

What is the cheapest method to transport heavy goods and materials

By Sea

Which country is found in the equatorial climate zone

Cameroon

The "Big Five" megafauna that drives much of the ecotourism trade include lions, elephants, leopards, rhinos, and:

Cape Buffalo

Which country has the highest GNI in South America

Chile

Which of the following is a good example of a country that moved from the periphery to the semiperiphery as it increasingly engaged in manufacturing and became a major global exporter, as exemplified by the heavy freight traffic in Hong Kong Harbor

China

Why do some scholars think China will supersede the US as the dominant world superpower

China has grown as a global epicenter of manufacturing

What is the leading fair trade product

Coffee

One way geographers have thought about scale is by using ____________ circles to represent the finest resolution of scale, from the individual at the center out to the global scale.

Concentric

Varanasi, India, is the city associated with what Hindu tradition?

Death

Although people in remote locations have gained connection through Internet access and mobile phone usage, there is a notable gap between the average bandwidth and accessibility, creating what is referred to as the

Digital Divide

More than any other world region, Southwest Asia and North Africa are noted for:

Dryness

What refers to situations in which two areas are in relationship with one another

Dualism

When were many national parks, hunting reserves, and forest preserves created in Africa?

During colonial times

A policy promoting growth of gross national happiness, rather than ____________ growth, is sanctioned by the monarchy of Bhutan.

Economic

There were 2 waves of colonialism between 1500 and 1975. What's not true about the first wave

Economies were focused on tourism

The Indus Valley Civilization flourished around the same time as those of the:

Egyptians and Sumerians

Other than the ICTZ, another important factor affecting climate in Sub-Saharan Africa is

Elevation

Other than the ITCZ, another important factor affecting climate in Subsaharan Africa is:

Elevation

Transportation networks may be intentionally designed to

Enhance connectivity for some communities while marginalizing others

Geographers went through their own period where they used environmental differences to explain everything from intelligence to wealth. What is this set of theories called?

Environmental Determinism

What does the term Scramble for Africa refer to

European powers arbitrarily divided the World's second largest continent among themselves

Christianity spreading from one person to another as one taught the next the tenets of the faith is an example of

Expansion Diffusion

The purpose of colonial railway lines was primarily to

Export Resources

While wealthier economies may appear to be cleaner, much of this gain may be the result of ___________ dirty industries to other countries (hence, there is no net gain for the global environment).

Exporting

T or F: About 25% of African cities were established before European colonization

False

T or F: According to world system theorists, Rostow's stages of economic growth will occur, thanks to a set of exploitative relationships between more developed and least developed

False

T or F: Africa has a lengthy coastline and many large rivers and lakes, including Lake Victoria. For these reasons and others, fishing is a very important and major sector of food production across the region

False

T or F: Buddhism predates Hinduism

False

T or F: Due to every sovereign state having a vote, the World Bank and IMF tend to be more democratic than the UN

False

T or F: Economic growth always leads to broad-based improvements in the human condition

False

T or F: International Financial Institutions, including the World Bank and the IMF have no opening up national economies to global markets

False

T or F: Italy produced more Catholic missionaries during the second half of the nineteenth century than any other country in the World

False

T or F: The World Bank was initially created to provide loans for reconstruction and development following WW2

False

T or F: The fertile plains of the Mekong Delta, coupled with predictable monsoon rains in summer, create the perfect environment for wet tobacco cultivation.

False

T or F: The vast majority of foreign aid provided by countries tends to go to the countries most in need of assistance

False

T or F: Wealth generated by economic growth is usually spread across a population evenly

False

Gendered eating practices in rural Bangladesh (and India), means that a motherfirst feeds her:

Father-in-law

Bangladesh was formerly called East Pakistan, and today many NGOs operate here to alleviate poverty. Which of the following is a major problem for Bangladeshis?

Flooding

Geographers often describe the nature of economies in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary economic activities. Which of the following is not part of primary activities?

Forestry

Because the British colonial administration sought to extract wealth from local populations and increased the need for cash crops to pay taxes, they caused at least:

Four Major Famines

The prevailing colonial power in North Africa until the 1950s and 1960s was the:

French

Which of the following describes the process of heightening interactions, increasing interdependence, and deepening relations across country boundaries

Globalization

The process of a company adapting its product to meet the demands of local culture is known as:

Glocalization

The road to Indian Independence was led by Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs, many of whom were educated in:

Great Britain

What is the term for the introduction of hybrid seeds, new fertilizers and pesticides, and in some cases mechanization?

Green Revolution

What is the term for the introduction of hybrid seeds, new fertilizers, and pesticides, and in some cases mechanization

Green Revolution

Several components in the atmosphere are responsible for the greenhouse effect, including water vapor, methane, ozone, nitrous oxides, carbon dioxide, and other trace gases. Collectively, these are known as:

Greenhouse Gases

In many studies, researchers have found human contact with monkeys to be the source of:

HIV/AIDS

Which disease is not a vector-transmitted disease

HIV/AIDS

Which disease is not a vector-transmitted disease?

HIV/AIDS

During the time of the winter solstice, a dry, northeasterly winds known as _____________ sweep over West Africa.

Harmattan

The origin or place that a new good or service is initially produced is referred to as

Hearth

Which of the following is a term often used by geographers to describe the dominance of one state on the global stage

Hegemon

Hutments and other slum settlements in South Asia are an example of:

High Density Housing

What describes a type of transportation network where a few, large central nodes are connected to smaller points

Hub-and-Spoke System

What tool assesses life expectancy, literacy, years of schooling, and per capita GDP?

Human Development Index

In general, Americans change their behavior by increasing their use of public transportation and purchasing more fuel-efficient stuff

In response to a significant increase in gas prices

What fueled the second wave of colonization in the second half of the nineteenth century?

Industrialization

Suburbs, large roads, limited sidewalks, and a near lack of public transportation characterize the United States. These aspects are largely the result of......

Inexpensive oil prices

Most street vendors, local craftsmen, farmer's markets, and roadside stalls are all part of the:

Informal Economy

Pressure systems, wind patterns, and precipitation in the tropics are heavily impacted by

Insolation

Throughout the entire year, tropical regions around the equator receive mainly direct:

Insolation

Palestine was partitioned by the United Nations in 1948 to create the state of:

Israel

Colonizers focused on gaining lands to establish large-scale agricultural production in the Americas and to establish trading posts for the Atlantic slave trade in Africa and ports for the spice trade in Asia. What best describes this trading system?

It has a global reach

What is the ITCZ

It is a low-pressure belt whose location migrates

What is the ITCZ?

It is a low-pressure belt whose location migrates

What is not true about the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010

It would have been worse if the country had not enacted tough building codes in 1985

An observant member of which religion is a strict vegan and believes that all animals and plants have souls?

Jainism

Although Arabic diffused with Islam, several other languages remain important in SW Asia and North Africa. These include Hebrew, Berber, Farsi, Turkish and:

Kurdish

What is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia?

Laos

To defy British power, what did Mahatma Gandhi do in 1930?

Led a march about salt

The effects of global climate change will be distributed unevenly across the planet. Which of the following is not a factor contributing to the vulnerability of a group of people

Level of Education (T or F Questions)

Geographers recognize the power of the content of national policies or the behavior of multinational companies to influence events and a wide range of global issues. What are these influencers called?

Local Actors

The 45 degree line of the _____ curve represents the perfect equality, where equal portions of the population control equal amounts of income

Lorenz

The failure of public schools in Pakistan has led to the creation of many more:

Madrasas

Identify the correct trade flow

Manufactured goods, slaves, commodities

Geographers Oppong and Kalipeni look to colonial labor structures as having a strong role in the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. This is the __________ thesis.

Migrant Labor

___________ identifies the structure, layout, and infrastructure of a city.

Morphology

An important part of colonialism was dependency. This was accomplished in many ways and usually included creating a:

Need for Money

An important part of colonialism was dependency. This was accomplished in many ways and usually included creating a

Need for money

In early history, the primary purpose for colonialism was

Need for resources and tribute

The World Bank and its credit management is an example of

Neocolonialism

The World Bank and its credit management is an example of:

Neocolonialism

The major rivers responsible for much of the life and agriculture in Southwest Asia and North Africa are the Euphrates and:

Nile and Tigris

What is the most important cash crop export in Mediterranean agriculture, especially in Tunisia?

Olive Oil

Most African countries became independent from colonial rule by 1960, and in 1964 formed the

Organization for African Unity

Where climate impacts agriculture with too little rain, such as the Sahel and other dry savanna biomes, people mainly practice:

Pastoralism

____ _________ (or per person) basis allows comparisons between countries regardless of population size

Per Capita

The vast majority of petroleum resources being exported from Southwest Asia and North Africa come from the countries bordering the:

Persian Gulf

Outsourcing has changed significantly since the original model. Since 2011, which country has surpassed India with over 350,000 call centers?

Phillipines

South Asia is called the subcontinent because of:

Plate Tectonics

What is a choropleth map used to show

Population Density

A major obstacle that developing countries often face is the problem of being stuck as a producer of raw materials, or stuck in an economy dominated by the ___sector

Primary

What is not the most common measurement of wealth

Purchasing Power

Migrants weigh their reasons for going to a particular place based on complex:

Push and Pull factors

What are underground conduits for water collection from aquifers in ancient Iran called?

Qanats

A transportation network that favors movement to and from a central point or location, such as a capital city to a residential area as what type of network

Radial

Development ideas that emphasize structure, or the global framework under which countries operate, say that the _______ between countries are as or more important than internal policies for determining the future development of a country

Relationships

When migrants leave home for a new place, they take part of their home culture with them through:

Relocation Diffusion

Densely populated zones of Africa include the Nile River, coastal West, southern Africa, and:

Rift Valley Lake District

Wahhabism is a fundamentalist sect of Islam that exhorts piety, rejection of non-Muslim beliefs, and segregation of men and women in public spaces. This sect dominates:

Saudi Arabia

Which of the following is characterized by vast grasslands and isolated trees?

Savanna

About 15 percent of all Muslims believe that a descendant of the prophet Muhammad should lead the faithful. This branch of Islam is the:

Shi'a

Which religion is located primarily in the Punjab region and denounces the caste system by affirming that all people are equal?

Sikhism

Since the end of WWII, Sri Lanka has fought one of the bloodiest civil wars in the world. On one side is the Tamil ethnic group and on the other side is the:

Sinhalese

Local factors have a significant influence on a place; two geographic terms that describe these local factors are:

Site and Situation

Corn, yams, cassava, and bananas are common crops in areas of which type of agriculture?

Slash-and-Burn

Between 1914 and the end of World War II, the Jewish population of Palestine grew from 60,000 to:

Slightly more than 500,000

Related to Arabic in North Africa and the Middle East, are some of the main languages spoken in much of Ethiopia and:

Somalia

Subsaharan Africa includes all of the countries:

South of the Sahara

What is the most seriously affected HIV/AIDS region?

Southern Africa

Political scientists outlined four hegemons between 1500 and 2000. Select the correct match of our country and century below

Spain - 1500s Netherlands - 1600s Great Britain - 1700s and 1800s US - 1900s

The first wave of colonialism was sparked by these European colonial powers

Spain and Portugal

Which of the following is not consistent with strong globalization

States (countries) play an increasingly significant role in world trade

The place on earth receiving the direct rays of the sun is the:

Subsolar Point

Some of the first self-sufficient city states were located in:

Sumeria

_______ development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Sustainable

Modern colonialism began in 15th century Europe. It was different from the Roman or any other preceding empires because the modern era was specifically gaining

Territory

Nationalization of resources, such as copper in Zambia, means that ___ _________ now controls and owns it

The Government

As a percentage of GNI, which of the following countries contributes the most total dollars in foreign aid?

The US

To "maintain international peace and security" was the mission statement for this organization following WW2

The United nations

Nationalization of resources, such as copper in Zambia, means that _____________ now controls and owns it.

The government

Permanent cultivation of corn, potatoes, and greens is especially common in high-population-density areas of:

The highlands of Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda

In cities, one often sees a radial network of commuter trains that goes out from the central business district (CBD) of a city to residential neighborhoods and suburbs. Why has the growth of businesses within the city suburbs led to massive traffic congestion?

The hub and spoke system favors train travel to the city, but makes train travel from suburb to suburb inconvenient

Reasoning behind the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs to promote free trade

There was a belief that trade restrictions had led to the Great Depression

Why were STPIs started in India in the 1990s?

They provided economic incentives to grow India's role in the global economy.

During the 1980s and 1990s, economists described the rapidly growing economies of Southeast Asia as:

Tigers

By the 1200s CE, more than 25,000 students attended a university in __________. It is located at the southern end of the Saharan caravan routes on the Niger River.

Timbuktu

What describes the process that accelerates the experience of time and reduces the significance of distance in info technology networks

Time-Space Compression

What is not one of the leading fair trade products

Tobacco

Short-term travel to a destination away from home with the central purpose of recreation and relaxation is called:

Tourism

Negotiating how they make sense of themselves by balancing their home identity with their identity in their country of destination, migrants create:

Transnational Identities

In addition to the Sahara, Africa has about 5 million square miles of

Tropical Savanna

T or F: After hundreds of billions of dollars given in international development aid over the last 20 years, academics, donors, and donor countries are questioning the value of international development assistance

True

T or F: Agricultural surplus is a precondition for the development and growth of cities.

True

T or F: Another way to consider development is to measure the variability of human well-being

True

T or F: Bali is part of Indonesia, but its Hindu culture, dating back to the eleventh century, sets it apart from the rest of the predominantly Muslim country.

True

T or F: Geographers have tended to describe development as a process of change in the composition of an economy of a particular region and the well-being of its inhabitants, relative to other areas

True

T or F: Geographers no longer espouse environmental determinism, seeing it as a vast oversimplification of the world

True

T or F: Geographers use scale conceptually to show the differences across geographic areas

True

T or F: If a country is importing far more than it is exporting, it may have an economic shortage of cash

True

T or F: In the US, the value of the dollar is no longer tied to the value of gold

True

T or F: In the developing world, the vast majority of dams were built as development projects in an effort to help launch newly independent countries onto the ladder of development. Today, geographers who study development recognize that this wave of dam development had major negative environmental implications

True

T or F: Islam and Christianity both spread with a hierarchical diffusion pattern in many places.

True

T or F: Most new economic geographers continue to believe fair trade is the best route to development

True

T or F: Slums grow fastest where massive numbers of rural poor migrate to the cities

True

T or F: Southeast Asia has two distinct physical geographies: one comprising thousands of islands in the Pacific Ocean and extending to the eastern Indian Ocean and the other on the mainland of of the Asian continent

True

T or F: T-Shirt Travels demonstrates how a simple act of kindness, donating your old T-shirts to the Salvation Army or Goodwill, has resulted in undermining the textile industry in Zambia and other African countries where imported secondhand clothing is more popular than locally made clothing.

True

T or F: The Opium War between Great Britain and China originated when the Chinese banned opium sales in China due to health concerns. However, Britain's main concern was the huge trade deficit it was running with China

True

T or F: The mega-city of Jakarta, Indonesia, is one of the larger cities in the world with a population of over 10 million

True

T or F: The strong globalization viewpoint holds that developing countries are now persuaded by the lure of global capital to open their stuff to investment by foreign corps

True

T or F: The thousands of islands of Southeast Asia are volcanic arcs formed along plate boundaries with highlands in the interior surrounded by miles of coastlines.

True

T or F: The vast majority of development aid tends to favor the most powerful members of a community, who are better at articulating their wants and capturing new resources

True

T or F: Unequal exchange occurs when laborers in one country produce a good receiving low wages and then the good is processed through a commodity chain incorporating shipping and marketing and is solid at a relatively high value

True

T or F: World system theorists contend that the same good can be produced with either core or peripheral processes

True

In 1945, following the world wars, this organization had 51 countries : in 2015, members has grown to 193 members

United Nations

The relative importance of cities over smaller towns and rural areas is referred to as

Urban Heirarchies

Following Thailand, this country is the second largest exporter of rice in the world.

Vietnam

By importing grain rather than growing it, what else are countries importing?

Virtual Water

At the time of independence for India and Pakistan, what happened in the state of Kashmir?

War

When air descends at the subtropical high-pressure cells, the air:

Warms

Microcredit lending programs in Bangladesh and other countries focuses on loans to:

Women

Unlike other regions of the world, the majority of people in Subsaharan Africa living with HIV are:

Women

The creation of a national homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine was encouraged by Great Britain and the:

Zionists

Which of the following is not consistent with weak globalization

emerged since the 1970s

Winds flow from high pressure to:

low pressure

When a monsoon occurs in the summer, it is because of the:

northerly location of a low-pressure belt.

A monsoon is similar to:

predictable rainfall

The physical boundaries of Southwest Asia and North Africa have contributed to all but which of the following?

stable, democratic governments

Ideas and goods diffuse from the hearth first

to places most connected to the hearth

A monsoon in South Asia occurs:

twice a year