Geography 101, BYU Geography Midterm, Geography Midterm 1, Geography 100

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Violent lifting(cold front)

*Squall line - fast and turbulent zone slightly ahead of cold front precipitation intense wind strong and changing thunderstorms/tornadoes

It is November 15, and you are standing at the North Pole. How long will the day-length be on this day?

0 hours

A parcel of air is about to be forced over a mountain 3 km in height. The temperature of the parcel at 0 km is 25°C, the dew point is 15°C, the DAR is 10°C/km, the MAR is 5°C/km, and the ELR is 7°C/km. At what elevation will clouds begin to form in the parcel of air?

1 km

At what elevation will clouds begin to form in the parcel of air? 0 km 2 km 1 km 3 km

1 km

The tropopause is approximately how many miles above the earth's surface?

The tropopause is approximately how many miles above the earth's surface? 2 10 50 100 300

Commercially available global positioning system receivers can currently be used to determine location to an accuracy of

10 meters or less

Commercially available global positioning system receivers can currently be used to determine location to an accuracy of 10 meters or less 100 meters 1 kilometer 1 degree

10 meters or less

Suppose that it is 11:30 a.m. Tuesday immediately west of the international date line. What is the time and day immediately east of the international date line? 12:30 a.m. Tuesday 11:30 p.m. Wednesday 11:30 a.m. Tuesday 12:30 a.m. Monday 11:30 a.m. Monday

11:30 a.m. Monday

Suppose that it is 11:30 a.m. Tuesday immediately west of the international date line. What is the time and day immediately east of the international date line?

11:30 am Monday

Suppose that it is 11:30 p.m. Tuesday immediately west of the international date line. What is the time and day immediately east of the international date line? 12:30 a.m. Tuesday 11:30 p.m. Monday 11:30 a.m. Tuesday 11:30 p.m. Tuesday 12:30 a.m. Monday

11:30 p.m. Monday

Suppose that it is 11:30 p.m. Tuesday immediately west of the international date line. What is the time and day immediately east of the international date line?

11:30 pm Monday

Now imagine the same situation, but an hour later (12:30 a.m. Wednesday). Again, what time is it immediately east of the international date line?

12:30 a.m. Tuesday

Now imagine the same situation, but an hour later (12:30 a.m. Wednesday). Again, what time is it immediately east of the international date line? 11:30 a.m. Tuesday 12:30 a.m. Monday 12:30 a.m. Tuesday 11:30 p.m. Tuesday 11:30 p.m. Monday

12:30 a.m. Tuesday

1. Which of the following representative fractions represents the largest scale? 1:10,000 1:24,000 1:50000 1:100,000 1:1,000,000

1:10,000

Which of the following representative fractions represents the largest scale? 1:10,000 1:24,000 1:50,000 1:100,000 1:1,000,000

1:10,000

Which of the following representative fractions represents the largest scale?

1:10000 > 1:24000

At the equator the sun is never more than ________ degrees from a line that is perpendicular to the earth's surface.

23.5

At the equator the sun is never more than ________ degrees from a line that is perpendicular to the earth's surface. 23.5 12.5 66.5 90

23.5

Earth's albedo is approximately what value?

31%

Earth's albedo is approximately what value? 6% 22% 31% 48% 69%

31%

Suppose a parcel of air is about to be forced over a mountain 3 km in height. Given that the temperature of the parcel at 0 km is 25°C, the dew point is 15°C, the DAR is 10°C/km, the MAR is 5°C/km, and the ELR is 7°C/km, what will be the temperature of the parcel when it reaches the base of the other side of the mountain?

35°C

Using figure 14.3 in your textbook, which of the following would represent the relative percentages of sand, silt and clay in a clay loam soil? 50, 40, 10 10, 40, 50 40, 30, 30 80, 10, 10

40, 30, 30

Using figure 14.3 in your textbook, which of the following would represent the relative percentages of sand, silt and clay in a clay loam soil?

40,30,30

A parcel of air is about to be forced over a mountain 3 km in height. The temperature of the parcel at 0 km is 25°C, the dew point is 15°C, the DAR is 10°C/km, the MAR is 5°C/km, and the ELR is 7°C/km. What will be the temperature of the parcel at the top (3 km) of the mountain?

5°C

How much of the insolation absorbed by the earth atmosphere system is emitted back to space via longwave radiation? 6% 31% 48% 69% 100%

How much of the insolation absorbed by the earth atmosphere system is emitted back to space via longwave radiation?

69%

When a system suddenly jumps to a new equilibrium level, we say the system has reached a threshold. an input. an equilibrium shift. a feedback loop.

? NOT equilibrium shift

Which of the following representative fractions represents the largest scale? A) 1:10,000 B) 1:24,000 C) 1:50,000 D) 1:100,000 E) 1:1,000,000

Suppose you have two functioning wells, fairly close to each other, and one goes dry but the other does not. Which of the following probably explains your predicament?

A cone of depression has developed around the dry well.

This scenario applies to the next two questions: Suppose you have two functioning wells, fairly close to each other, and one goes dry but the other does not. Which of the following probably explains your predicament? You have an aquiclude near the dry well. The dry well is artesian. The non-dry well is closer to the aquifer recharge area. A cone of depression has developed around the dry well.

A cone of depression has developed around the dry well.

What is a squall line? How and why does it form? Which front (warm or cold) is this type of weather associated with?

A squall line is a concentrated region of thunderstorm activity occurs in front of approaching cold front. Steep nature of cold front slope causes rapid and violent uplift of warm air out in front of cold front. Warm air quickly lifted causing condensation and production of thunderstorms.

Which of the following statements would best describe the emphasis in college-level geography in the United States? A) Geography's main emphasis is on spatial arrangement and the explanation of why things are where they are. B) Geography primarily studies the physical aspects of the earth's surface. C) Geography is basically a technical field primarily concerned with map-making. D) Geography puts its greatest emphasis in learning where places are located.

A) Geography's main emphasis is on spatial arrangement and the explanation of why things are where they are.

Which of the following features would prove most difficult to map if the cartographer desired to preserve features of both equal area and true shape? A) North America B) Australia C) a bike trail through a park D) a city

A) North America

On the March equinox, which of the following events takes place at the North Pole? A) The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months. B) The sun drops below the horizon for the first time in six months. C) The sun is 66.5° from the horizon at noon. D) The sun is directly overhead at noon for the first time in six months.

A) The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months.

Which of the following is true regarding temperature inversions? A) They occur when the normal decrease in temperature with increasing altitude in the troposphere is reversed. B) They help to reduce the effects of pollution. C) They are caused by pollution. D) They are uncommon in mountainous areas such as Utah.

A) They occur when the normal decrease in temperature with increasing altitude in the troposphere is reversed.

Which of the following is true regarding time zones? Select all that apply. A) They are 15° wide because the earth rotates through that distance in one hour. B) They are based on distance from Greenwich, England. C) They are split approximately down the middle by a central meridian

A,B,C

Insolation does not heat the earth until it is scattered. transmitted. refracted. reflected. absorbed.

Absorbed

Select all the options that correctly complete this statement: The wavelength of electromagnetic energy changes when it is scattered. absorbed. reflected. transmitted.

Absorbed

ow does the source region of an air mass influence the internal characteristics of the air mass? What are some factors that could increase the strength of air masses from their source regions?

Air mass that forms in source region will take on the temperature and moisture characteristics of that region. Ex. cP forms in northern Canada in middle winter, air is frigid and extremely dry there. cP air mass will become cold and dry. Longer an air mass stays in source region before exiting, stronger it becomes.

Air temperature

Air temperature is a measure of how hot or cold the air

Which of the following accurately describes the earth's distance from the sun? Select all that apply. The distance between them averages about 150 million km (93 million mi). The earth is closer to the sun in January and farther away in July. It takes light an average of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the sun to the earth.

All

Which of the following characteristics of soil is affected by the presence of clay? Select all that apply. porosity water availability nutrient availability permeability

All

Which of the following is true regarding time zones? Select all that apply. They are 15° wide because the earth rotates through that distance in one hour. They are based on distance from Greenwich, England. They are split approximately down the middle by a central meridian.

All

Which of the following locations will experience a 12-hour day length at the March equinox? Select all that apply. Provo, Utah (40° N latitude) the Arctic Circle the Tropic of Cancer the equator

All

Which of the following represents a potential application of global positioning systems? monitoring fault movement ocean navigation tracking changes in the elevation of mountains outdoor recreation all of these

All

Which of the following locations will experience a 12-hour day length at the March equinox?

All latitudes

Which of the following objects radiates electromagnetic energy? the sun the earth you All of the above

All of the above

Describe how air parcels warm and cool adiabatically. Be sure to include in your answer an explanation involving decreasing atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude.

As air parcel rises, pressure surrounding parcel decreases, causing the volume of parcel to increase. Expansion of the air parcel causes cooling as the particles in parcel dont hit each other with same frequency(no heat transfer happens) and parcels cool. As parcel sinks, pressure surrounding the parcel increases, causing volume of parcel to shrink. Compression as parcel shrinks raises temperature of parcel as particles in parcel hit each other more often

What is an atmospheric river? How could it influence the precipitation received on the west coast? What is a common example of an atmospheric river that has been in the news recently?

Atmospheric river is concentrated flow of water aloft in the atmosphere that can transport vast quantities of evaporated ocean water to other locations. Common kind of atmospheric river that hits west coast is Pineapple Express (causes flooding and dam failure)

Which of the following statements about the Coriolis force is true? Select all that apply. A) It makes toilets flush clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. B) It helps to produce counterclockwise rotation of air around a low-pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere. C) It is stronger where there is a lot of friction. D) It only affects objects moving north to south.

B) It helps to produce counterclockwise rotation of air around a low-pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere.

Which of the following terms best identifies the focus of physical geography? A) ecosystems B) geosystems C) the biosphere D) the ecosphere E) the lithosphere

B) geosystems

Air Parcel

Body of air with specific temp. and humidity.

Compare and contrast the two separate mT air masses (the Atlantic and the Pacific).

Both of these air masses form in tropical locations at lower latitudes (the T means tropical in their classifications). However, the mT that forms in the Atlantic has a source region directly above the Gulf Stream, which supplies the air above the ocean with lots of moisture and generally higher temperatures than was is found in the Pacific ocean in the source region of that mT air mass. Therefore, the weather associated with the Atlantic mT is much more humid, warm, and generally unstable.

Compare and contrast the cP and mP air masses. You can assume for this case that each mP on either side of North America is similar.

Both of these air masses have Polar classification which means both form in the high latitudes in the polar or colder regions. The cP air mass forms over land, thus it is dry and classified with a "c" for continental. The mP air mass forms over water and is humid and classified with a "m" for maritime.

Which of the following accurately summarizes the differences in day-length and intensity of insolation with increasing latitude over the course of a year? A) Intensity decreases and day-length becomes less variable as you move from low to high latitudes. B) Intensity increases and day-length becomes less variable as you move from low to high latitudes. C) Intensity decreases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes. D) Intensity increases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes.

C) Intensity decreases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes.

Which of the following is true with regards to the earth's energy budget? A) The earth loses more energy than it gains. B) The earth gains more energy than it loses. C) The earth loses the same amount of energy as it gains. D) It is unbalanced because of the greenhouse effect.

C) The earth loses the same amount of energy as it gains.

Which of the following is correctly matched? Select all that apply. A) low pressure—counterclockwise rotation in the Southern Hemisphere B) low pressure—sinking air in the Southern Hemisphere C) high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere D) low pressure—counterclockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere

C) high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere D) low pressure—counterclockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere

Which of the following soil particles has the highest porosity? gravel clay sand silt

Clay

Which type of energy transfer involves molecule-to-molecule contact?

Conduction

Storm tracks of cyclones

Cyclones follow tracks based on sun, seasons, latitude Farther north in summer Farther south in winter

Which of the following winds frequently helps to produce major brushfires in Southern California? A) Chinook B) katabatic C) valley breezes D) Santa Ana

D) Santa Ana

8. Draw an occluded front at a mature stage of occlusion from the side view (cross-sectional perspective). Be sure to include in your diagram the following: (1) the correct position and orientation of the warm and cold fronts, (2) the correct shape and steepness of the warm and cold fronts, and (3) a basic box over the area where clouds and condensation would form.

Do it. check it.

D.A.R

Dry adiabatic rate is the rate at which dry air cools by expanding (if rising) or heat by compression(if sinking). *10/1000 *5.5/1000

In which soil horizon is the process of leaching dominant?

In which soil horizon is the process of leaching dominant? O B E C A

Stable Conditions

ELR<DAR<MAR air will not rise on its own and, if lifted, will tend to sink back downwards

Unstable Conditions

ELR>DAR>MAR Once started upwards, parcel will continue to rise without any additional energy.

Which of the following is incorrect? Earth is constantly receiving new resources and matter. Earth represents a closed system in terms of matter. Earth represents an open system in terms of energy. Earth represents a vast interconnected system.

Earth is constantly receiving new resources and matter.

Which of the following help to explain why we have seasons?

Earth's tilted axis, Earth's axial parallelism, the revolution of Earth around the sun

Which area of the world experiences the largest annual range in temperature?

Eastern Siberia

E.R.L

Environmental Lapse Rate. Decrease in temperature with increasing altitude at a give location ELR= 6.4°C/1000m. Varies by several degrees depending on local conditions *7/1000

Maritime Polar

Exist over cool ocean waters. Cool, moist, and unstable air. Aleutian and Icelandic lows.

Earth is constantly receiving new resources and matter.

False

Earth's energy budget is balanced at all latitudes.

False

Earth's energy budget is balanced at all latitudes. True False

False

Earth's energy budget is balanced at all latitudes. (True or False)

False

It is much easier to minimize distortion on small-scale maps.

False

It is much easier to minimize distortion on small-scale maps. True False

False

Over the oceans, there is more precipitation than evaporation.

False

Over the oceans, there is more precipitation than evaporation. True False

False

Oxisols are very fertile.

False

Oxisols are very fertile. True False

False

The scientific method should be seen as a sequence with distinct starting and ending points. True False

False

The scientific method should be seen as a sequence with distinct starting and ending points. (True or False)

False

The temperature of the atmosphere decreases with increasing altitude in the stratosphere, just like in the troposphere.

False

The temperature of the atmosphere decreases with increasing altitude in the stratosphere, just like in the troposphere. True False

False

The temperature of the atmosphere decreases with increasing altitude in the stratosphere, just like in the troposphere. (True or False)

False

The trade winds just north of the equator are easterly, while those just south of the equator are westerly.

False

The trade winds just north of the equator are easterly, while those just south of the equator are westerly. True False

False

The trade winds just north of the equator are easterly, while those just south of the equator are westerly. (True or False)

False

Very warm and wet environments usually have soils with the highest amounts of clay and thus the highest fertility.

False

Very warm and wet environments usually have soils with the highest amounts of clay and thus the highest fertility. True False

False

Worldwide, the highest population densities and growth rates occur in areas where water is readily accessible.

False

Worldwide, the highest population densities and growth rates occur in areas where water is readily accessible. True False

False

Explain the process of how orographic uplift impacts an air mass moving up and over a mountain. In other words, describe in words the steps you would take to solve a mountain diagram. Be sure to include in your answer the following key words: (1) lifting condensation level, (2) when to use the DAR/MAR, and (3) windward, leeward, and rainshadow

First calculate decreases in temp. of air as it rises up mountain based on DAR. Once air is at saturation(* Lifting condensation level (clouds form here)) you calculate decreases in temp based on MAR. Side of mountain hit by wind first known as windward side, and as air is pushed up/over mountain, will cool with increases in altitude. Once over top, will begin to warm via compression as forced down leeward side. Rate of temp. change at this state is calculated with DAR because air is warming(not cooling). Once air reaches surface at base on leeward side, rainshadow is found where little to no precip found.

Orographic lifting diagram

First calculate decreases in temp. of air as rises up mountain to dew point(air saturated). Then calculate decreases in temp based on MAR. Cool expansion as rises up mountain and warm compression as sinks down leeward side.

What are the three primary stages of a midlatitude cyclone? Describe the weather associated with each stage.

First stage: Open - precip occurs only along warm and cold fronts, with clear warm sector in between each advancing front. Occluded stage happens when cold front caught up with warm front and massive lifting of all air in front of cold front occured. This is stage where weather more severe and where blizzard or flash flooding conditions can happen. Dissolving or closing stage occurs when cold front has lifted all air in storm that no warm, humid air can be lifted into storm. Loss of warm, humid air acts like a shut off valve and storm dissipates.

Maritime Polar

Flows over Northern oceans and accumulates moisture Cool, moist, and conditionally unstable conditions throughout year

Cont. Polar and artic

Form Northern hemisphere(radiative cooling) Develop in winter mostly Extremely cold stable air and clear skies

Continental Polar

Form during NH winter and consist of cold, dry, stable air. Move south and displace warmer air. Significant source of weather

Continental Tropical

Forms during summer. Hot, low humidity, unstable at surface, stable aloft

Which of the following would be used for overlay map analysis where two or more map layers are superimposed or integrated?

GIS

Which of the following would be used for overlay map analysis where two or more map layers are superimposed or integrated? GPS Landsat GIS GOES AVHRR

GIS

Which of the following statements would best describe the emphasis in college-level geography in the United States? Geography is basically a technical field primarily concerned with map-making. Geography's main emphasis is on spatial arrangement and the explanation of why things are where they are. Geography puts its greatest emphasis in learning where places are located. Geography primarily studies the physical aspects of the earth's surface.

Geography's main emphasis is on spatial arrangement and the explanation of why things are where they are.

Maritime Tropical

Gulf/alantic: unstable and active along East coast(spring-early fall) Pacific stable to conditionally unstable along west coast

Which of the following would best describe an area with a very high dew point? warm dry cold humid

Humid

Which of the following is not true regarding motor vehicles in the United States?

In an air pollution study in California, it was found that old cars contribute a relatively greater amount of pollution than newer cars.

Because geography uses elements from both the physical and human systems to explain the spatial distribution of various phenomena, we can call geography a(n) ____________ science.

Integrative

Which of the following accurately summarizes the differences in day-length and intensity of insolation with increasing latitude over the course of a year?

Intensity decreases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes.

Which of the following accurately summarizes the differences in day-length and intensity of insolation with increasing latitude over the course of a year? Intensity decreases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes. Intensity decreases and day-length becomes less variable as you move from low to high latitudes. Intensity increases and day-length becomes less variable as you move from low to high latitudes. Intensity increases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes.

Intensity decreases and day-length becomes more variable as you move from low to high latitudes.

Which of the following is true regarding energy that is reflected by the atmosphere? It is eventually transferred back to space as latent heat. It increases the energy surplus of the planet. It raises the temperature of the atmosphere and allows life to exist. It does not heat the atmosphere.

It does not heat the atmosphere

Which of the following is true regarding energy that is reflected by the atmosphere?

It does not heat the atmosphere.

Which of the following is true regarding the role of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

It easily transmits shortwave but not longwave radiation.

Which of the following accurately describes what happens to air as it rises

It expands and cools.

Which of the following accurately describes what happens to air as it rises? It contracts and warms. It contracts and cools. It expands and warms. It expands and cools.

It expands and cools.

Which of the following statements about the Coriolis force is true?

It helps to produce counterclockwise rotation of air around a low-pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere.

Which of the following statements about the Coriolis force is true? Select all that apply. It is stronger where there is a lot of friction. It only affects objects moving north to south. It makes toilets flush clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. It helps to produce counterclockwise rotation of air around a low-pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere.

It helps to produce counterclockwise rotation of air around a low-pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere.

Which of the following statements about groundwater pollution is true?

It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources.

Which of the following statements about groundwater pollution is true? It purifies itself more rapidly than surface water. It is easier to clean than surface water. It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources. Aquifer recharge areas are good places for waste disposal ponds.

It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources.

Which of the following statements about groundwater pollution is true? It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources. It purifies itself more rapidly than surface water. Aquifer recharge areas are good places for waste disposal ponds. It is easier to clean than surface water.

It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources.

Which of the following statements about groundwater pollution is true? It purifies itself more rapidly than surface water. It is easier to clean than surface water. Aquifer recharge areas are good places for waste disposal ponds. It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources.

It is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources.

Which of the following best describes the value of a theory in the scientific method?

It stimulates continued observation and testing.

Which of the following best describes the value of a theory in the scientific method? It stimulates continued observation and testing. It has little value because it is "just a theory." It always represents a negative feedback in the process. It represents established and unquestionable fact.

It stimulates continued observation and testing.

Which of the following statements regarding the global hydrologic cycle is true? It is an example of open system with inputs and outputs. It emphasizes that water is an endless resource. It suggests that global precipitation and evaporation are balanced. It is an example of a system in disequilibrium.

It suggests that global precipitation and evaporation are balanced.

Which of the following statements regarding the global hydrologic cycle is true? It emphasizes that water is an endless resource. It is an example of a system in disequilibrium. It is an example of open system with inputs and outputs. It suggests that global precipitation and evaporation are balanced.

It suggests that global precipitation and evaporation are balanced.

Which of the following statements regarding the global hydrologic cycle is true?

It suggests that precipitation and evaporation are balanced.

Which of the following statements regarding the global hydrologic cycle is true? It is an example of open system with inputs and outputs. It emphasizes that water is an endless resource. It suggests that precipitation and evaporation are balanced. It is an example of a system in disequilibrium.

It suggests that precipitation and evaporation are balanced.

Which of the following is not true regarding ozone? It is beneficial if it is located in the stratosphere. It is harmful if it is located very near the surface of the earth. It reduces the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface. It traps thermal radiation emitted by the earth.

It traps thermal radiation emitted by the earth

Which of the following is not true regarding ozone?

It traps thermal radiation emitted by the earth.

If a parcel of air above its dew point is cooled, and the specific humidity remains constant, what will happen to the relative humidity of that parcel?

It will increase.

If a parcel of air above its dew point is cooled, and the specific humidity remains constant, what will happen to the relative humidity of that parcel? It will reach the evaporation point. It will remain constant. It will increase. It will decrease.

It will increase.

Which of the following correctly describes the behavior of a system with positive feedback?

It will respond to a change in input by moving further from its equilibrium condition.

Which of the following correctly describes the behavior of a system with positive feedback? It will respond to a change in input by moving further from its equilibrium condition. There is not enough information to tell because we do not know the nature of the system components. It will not respond at all to a change in input. It will respond to a change in input by moving towards its equilibrium condition.

It will respond to a change in input by moving further from its equilibrium condition.

Continental

Land

Saturation Vapor Pressure

Measurement of amount of moisture in air. Technically the pressure of water vapor above a surface of water. When air reaches saturation vapor pressure the water vapor in it will condense and the dew point temp will be the same as the air temp.

M.A.R

Moist adiabatic rate is the rate at which ascending air parcel that is moist/saturated cools by expansion. *cool at DAR until reach saturation them move to MAR *6/1000 3.3/1000

Warm front

Move up and over cold air less dense slower gentler drizzle/showers

The next two questions are based on the following information: A parcel of air is about to be forced over a mountain 3 km in height. The temperature of the parcel at 0 km is 25°C, the dew point is 15°C, the DAR is 10°C/km, the MAR is 5°C/km, and the ELR is 7°C/km. 8. What will be the temperature of the parcel at the top (3 km) of the mountain? -5°C -15°C 10°C 5°C

NOT -5°C

It is November 15, and you are standing at the North Pole. How long will the day-length be on this day? 0 hours about 8 hours 12 hours 24 hours

NOT 24 hours

Which of the following is not true regarding ozone? It traps thermal radiation emitted by the earth. It is harmful if it is located very near the surface of the earth. It reduces the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface. It is beneficial if it is located in the stratosphere.

NOT It is harmful if it is located very near the surface of the earth.

In the lake system diagram, if an input to the system causes lake level to increase initially, what will happen to lake level after the input has traveled through the system one time? It will decrease. It will increase further. It will not change. There is not enough information to tell.

NOT It will not change.

In the lake system diagram, if shoreline distance decreases, what will happen to lake surface area? It will decrease. It will increase. It will reach steady-state equilibrium. It will stay the same.

NOT It will reach steady-state equilibrium.

Which of the following accurately describes atmospheric conditions if the environmental lapse rate is 12°C/km, the dry adiabatic rate is 10°C/km, and the moist adiabatic rate is 6°C/km? stable adiabatically stable conditionally unstable unstable

NOT adiabatically stable

At which of the following locations is solar energy most concentrated? at places where the angle of incidence is 90° always at the equator anywhere on the earth during perihelion at places where the angle of incidence is 0°

NOT always at the equator

What is the generic term for any line that connects points of equal value on a map? a projection a legend an isopoint a rhumb line an isoline

NOT an isopoint

When isotherms on a temperature map bend poleward, it indicates a location where elevation is significantly affecting temperatures. the temperature is warmer than expected based on latitude. the temperature is cooler than expected based on latitude. the temperature is changing over time.

NOT elevation is significantly affecting temperatures.

Radiation emitted from the earth falls within which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum? visible longwave ultraviolet gamma shortwave

NOT gamma

By which of the following processes does the earth's surface lose most of the insolation it absorbs? scattering refraction radiation conduction latent heat transfer

NOT only by conduction

The plane of the earth's orbit about the sun is known as a great circle. the plane of the ecliptic. perihelion. geoidal plane. aphelion.

NOT perihelion

What is the main source of energy for both tornadoes and hurricanes? the Coriolis force high pressure centers latent heat friction

NOT the Coriolis force

Which of the following terms best identifies the focus of physical geography? geosystems ecosystems the ecosphere the lithosphere the biosphere

NOT the biosphere

Which type of feedback will produce self-regulation and stability in a system?

Negative feedback

Which of the following represents a body of facts that is specific to geography?

None

Which of the following features would prove most difficult to map if the cartographer desired to preserve features of both equal area and true shape? Australia North America a city a bike trail through a park

North America

Among layers of the soil horizon, which one contains the most organic material?

Among layers of the soil horizon, which one contains the most organic material? R A O B

Which soil profile contains the largest amounts of humus

Which soil profile contains the largest amounts of humus?

Which of the following comes first in the scientific method?

Observation

Which of the following comes first in the scientific method? A) predictions B) development of a hypothesis C) model development D) observation

Observation

Which of the following is true regarding motor vehicles in the United States?

Overall gas mileage in vehicles decreased from 2002 to 2007. Fuel efficiency standards for SUVs and pickups have not changed since 1975 and were further relaxed in 2005. SUVs and pickups trucks accounted for over half of new sales from 2002 to 2007.

Which of the following example stations experiences the greatest moisture deficits?

Phoenix, Arizona

Which of the following example stations experiences the greatest moisture deficits? Jacksonville, Florida Ottawa, Ontario Phoenix, Arizona Kingsport, Tennessee

Phoenix, Arizona

Which of the following example stations experiences the greatest moisture deficits? Jacksonville, Florida Kingsport, Tennessee Phoenix, Arizona Ottawa, Ontario

Phoenix, Arizona

What type of system has an even amount of negative couplings?

Positive feedback

Under which of the following conditions would a water deficit occur for a given area and time?

Potential evapotranspiration is greater than precipitation and soil moisture storage.

Under which of the following conditions would a water deficit occur for a given area and time? Potential evapotranspiration is less than precipitation. Soil moisture storage is less than precipitation. Potential evapotranspiration is greater than precipitation and soil moisture storage. Potential evapotranspiration is less than soil moisture storage.

Potential evapotranspiration is greater than precipitation and soil moisture storage.

Which of the following statements regarding the High Plains Aquifer in the United States is not true? Groundwater mining has resulted in the partial collapse of the aquifer. The water table in the aquifer has dropped more than 100 feet in the last 50 years. The aquifer is used to irrigate about one-fifth of all U.S. cropland. Rainfall has been and is the principal recharge mechanism of the aquifer.

Rainfall has been and is the principal recharge mechanism of the aquifer.

Which of the following statements regarding the High Plains Aquifer in the United States is not true? The water table in the aquifer has dropped more than 100 feet in the last 50 years. The aquifer is used to irrigate about one-fifth of all U.S. cropland. Rainfall has been and is the principal recharge mechanism of the aquifer. Groundwater mining has resulted in the partial collapse of the aquifer.

Rainfall has been and is the principal recharge mechanism of the aquifer.

Suppose you have two functioning wells, fairly close to each other, and one goes dry but the other does not. Which of the following would be the best, long-term solution to the problem in the previous question?

Reduce water extraction to match the aquifer recharge rate.

Which of the following would be the best, long-term solution to the problem? Move somewhere else because both wells will definitely go dry no matter what you do. Dig the dry well deeper. Just use the non-dry well and extract more water to make up for the loss of the other. Reduce water extraction to match the aquifer recharge rate.

Reduce water extraction to match the aquifer recharge rate.

Adiabatic: Rising

Rising air parcels expand and cool as they move up in the atmosphere.

If a farmer is having trouble with waterlogged soils, which of the following would be best to add to the soil? clay silt sand fertilizer

Sand

Which of the following winds frequently helps to produce major brushfires in Southern California?

Santa Ana

Which of the following winds frequently helps to produce major brushfires in Southern California? Santa Ana Chinook valley breezes katabatic

Santa Ana

Adiabatic: Sinking

Sinking air parcels compress and warm as they move lower in atmosphere.

In the Northern Hemisphere, an object traveling from west to east will initially be deflected to the ________ by the Coriolis force. north south west east

South

Which of the following objects radiates electromagnetic energy?

Sun, earth, you

Dew-Point Temp.

Temp. at which air mass reaches saturation. Tdp=Ta.

Why do hurricanes not form between the equator and about 5° latitude?

The Coriolis force is not strong enough.

Why do hurricanes not form between the equator and about 5° latitude? Evaporation is not high enough. Ocean temperatures are not high enough. The Coriolis force is not strong enough. The air is too stable.

The Coriolis force is not strong enough.

Which of the following accurately describes the earth's distance from the sun? Select all that apply.

The earth is closer to the sun in January and farther away in July. The distance between them averages about 150 million km (93 million mi). It takes light an average of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the sun to the earth.

Which of the following is true with regards to the earth's energy budget? The earth gains more energy than it loses. It is unbalanced because of the greenhouse effect. The earth loses more energy than it gains. The earth loses the same amount of energy as it gains.

The earth loses the same amount of energy as it gains

Which of the following is true with regards to the earth's energy budget?

The earth loses the same amount of energy as it gains.

Vapor Pressure

The pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

On the March equinox, which of the following events takes place at the North Pole? The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months. The sun drops below the horizon for the first time in six months. The sun is directly overhead at noon for the first time in six months. The sun is 66.5° from the horizon at noon.

The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months

On the March equinox, which of the following events takes place at the North Pole?

The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months.

On the March equinox, which of the following events takes place at the North Pole? The sun drops below the horizon for the first time in six months. The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months. The sun is directly overhead at noon for the first time in six months. The sun is 66.5° from the horizon at noon.

The sun rises above the horizon for the first time in six months.

Which of the following best describes physical geographers' current interest in human features and processes across the earth? They are strongly focused on human features or processes. They are not concerned with human features or processes. They are only interested in how physical features and processes control or limit human features and processes. They are interested in the interactions between physical and human features and processes.

They are interested in the interactions between physical and human features and processes.

Which of the following is true regarding lines of latitude? They range from 0° to 180°. They are called meridians. They are parallel to each other. They are used in measuring time changes. They run north to south.

They are parallel to each other.

Which of the following is true regarding temperature inversions?

They occur when the normal decrease in temperature with increasing altitude in the troposphere is reversed.

Which of the following is true regarding temperature inversions? They occur when the normal decrease in temperature with increasing altitude in the troposphere is reversed. They are caused by pollution. They help to reduce the effects of pollution. They are uncommon in mountainous areas such as Utah.

They occur when the normal decrease in temperature with increasing altitude in the troposphere is reversed.

Anthropogenic pollutants are usually more harmful to humans than natural pollutants.

True

Anthropogenic pollutants are usually more harmful to humans than natural pollutants. True False

True

Anthropogenic pollutants are usually more harmful to humans than natural pollutants. (True or False)

True

Clouds are an important factor affecting the earth's energy budget.

True

Clouds are an important factor affecting the earth's energy budget. True False

True

Clouds are an important factor affecting the earth's energy budget. (True or False)

True

During summer, maritime locations tend to be cooler than continental locations.

True

During summer, maritime locations tend to be cooler than continental locations. True False

True

During summer, maritime locations tend to be cooler than continental locations. (True or False)

True

Hotter objects emit energy at shorter wavelengths than colder objects.

True

Hotter objects emit energy at shorter wavelengths than colder objects. True False

True

Hotter objects emit energy at shorter wavelengths than colder objects. (True or False)

True

It is possible for water vapor to change directly to ice.

True

It is possible for water vapor to change directly to ice. True False

True

Most of earth's fresh, surface water is found in ice caps and glaciers. True False

True

Most of earth's fresh, surface water is found in ice caps and glaciers. (True or False)

True

Relative humidity can increase without new water vapor being added to the atmosphere.

True

Relative humidity can increase without new water vapor being added to the atmosphere. True False

True

Relative humidity can increase without new water vapor being added to the atmosphere. (True or False)

True

The land-sea breeze and mountain-valley breeze cycles are controlled by shifting thermal high and low pressure systems.

True

The land-sea breeze and mountain-valley breeze cycles are controlled by shifting thermal high and low pressure systems. True False

True

The scientific method includes both positive and negative feedback. True False

True

The scientific method includes both positive and negative feedback. (True or False)

True

Wind-generated energy resources are currently the fastest growing energy technology in terms of new capacity.

True

Wind-generated energy resources are currently the fastest growing energy technology in terms of new capacity. True False

True

Wind-generated energy resources are currently the fastest growing energy technology in terms of new capacity. (True or False)

True

Which of the following accurately describes the commonly used Mercator projection?

True shape, cylindrical

Buoyancy vs. Gravity

Uppward buoyant force vs. downward gravitational force. Parcel of lower density than surrounding air rises(buoyant) Whereas a parcel of higer density descends(less buoyant(gravitational))

Maritime Tropical

Warm, very humid, very unstable. Gulf of Mexico is a source of air that greatly influences NA climate

Adiabatic

Warming and cooling of a parcel that is compressing(if sinking) and expanding(if rising)

Meritime

Water

The specific heat of water is greater than that of land. What does this mean? Land heats more slowly than water does. Water heats more slowly than land does. Land is warmer than water. Water is warmer than land.

Water heats more slowly than land does.

Windward Slope

Wetter, intercepting slope of mountain (hit first)

Why have DAR and MAR?

When reach saturation(dew point or also known as the LCL) we release heat back into the parcel so instead of gaining 10 degrees each time we only gain 6

You have just been shipwrecked on an island. Fortunately you have abundant seeds in your 72-hour kit. Assuming you are going to have to grow your own food to survive long-term, which of the following conditions would you be happiest to find?

You are on a volcanic island.

In terms of matter, Earth is

a closed system

With regards to matter, earth can be essentially considered:

a closed system

With regards to matter, earth can be essentially considered an infinite system. a closed system. an open system. a non-equilibrium system.

a closed system.

What type of front is produced where a cold air mass is moving into a warm air mass at the surface?

a cold front

What type of front is produced where a cold air mass is moving into a warm air mass at the surface? a high front a cold front a low front a stationary front a warm front

a cold front

Which of the following describes the moisture condition if precipitation and soil moisture are inadequate to meet potential evapotranspiration?

a deficit

Which of the following describes the moisture condition if precipitation and soil moisture are inadequate to meet potential evapotranspiration? a deficit a surplus actual evapotranspiration soil moisture utilization

a deficit

Which of the following would you be most likely to find associated with a warm front?

a gentle shower

Which of the following would you be most likely to find associated with a warm front? a gentle shower hail hard, driving rain thunder and lightning

a gentle shower

Which of the following terms best describes the shape of the earth? an eratosthenoid an egg a sphere a geoid

a geoid

If you are making a map that is likely to be photocopied and enlarged or shrunk by users, which type of scale would be best to include on your map?

a graphic scale

If you are making a map that is likely to be photocopied and enlarged or shrunk by users, which type of scale would be best to include on your map? a graphic scale a written scale a ratio scale a conformal scale a fractional scale

a graphic scale

If you are making a map that is likely to be photocopied and enlarged or shrunk by users, which type of scale would be best to include on your map? a ratio scale a written scale a conformal scale a graphic scale a fractional scale

a graphic scale

Earth's equator is an example of:

a great circle

Earth's equator is an example of a prime meridian. a great circle. a line of longitude. a small circle.

a great circle.

What is the term for a soil with approximately equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay?

a loam

What is the term for a soil with approximately equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay? a pedon silty sandy clay a loam humus

a loam

Rainshadow

a region having little rainfall because it is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills. Dry areas in lee of mountains are called rain shadows

Geography is

a spatial science

Geography is described as an earth science. a human science. a physical science. a spatial science.

a spatial science.

The Intertropical Convergence Zone is an example of which of the following?

a thermal low-pressure zone

The Intertropical Convergence Zone is an example of which of the following? a westerly wind belt a thermal low-pressure zone a thermal high-pressure zone a dynamic high-pressure zone

a thermal low-pressure zone

When a system suddenly jumps to a new equilibrium level, we say the system has reached

a threshold

The Gulf Stream current along the east coast of the United States is an example of

a warm current

A regional ocean current that is flowing from the equator towards a pole is most likely

a warm current.

A regional ocean current that is flowing from the equator towards a pole is most likely an upwelling current. a warm current. a thermohaline current. a cool current.

a warm current.

The Gulf Stream current along the east coast of the United States is an example of

a warm current.

The Gulf Stream current along the east coast of the United States is an example of a saline current. a warm current. a countercurrent. a cool current. an upwelling current.

a warm current.

Which of the following represents all earth's properties of area, shape, direction, proximity, and distance correctly?

a world globe

Which of the following represents all earth's properties of area, shape, direction, proximity, and distance correctly? Alber's equal-area conic projection Robinson projection an oval projection a world globe Mercator projection

a world globe

Insolation does not heat the earth until it is

absorbed

When water evaporates, latent heat is

absorbed by water molecules.

When water evaporates, latent heat is released by water molecules. used to form water droplets. absorbed by water molecules. transferred between water molecules.

absorbed by water molecules.

The wavelength of electromagnetic energy changes when it is

absorbed.

Which of the following types of fog results when warm, moist air moves horizontally to a colder area?

advection fog

Which of the following types of fog results when warm, moist air moves horizontally to a colder area? advection fog upslope fog radiation fog evaporation fog

advection fog

Frontal lifting

air displaced upward along leading edges of contrasting air masses

Convergent lifting

air flows toward area of low pressure (all into the same low pressure area)

Orographic lifting

air forced over barrier such as a mountain

Convectional lifting

air stimulated by local surface heating( heat causes lifting and convection (vertical movement) of air mass)

Which of the following objects radiates electromagnetic energy? Select all that apply. the sun the earth you All of the above

all of the above

Which of the following represents a potential application of global positioning systems? outdoor recreation tracking changes in the elevation of mountains ocean navigation monitoring fault movement all of these

all of these

What is the term for a water-bearing rock stratum?

an aquifer

What is the term for a water-bearing rock stratum? an aquiclude a zone of aeration a water table an aquifer

an aquifer

A well in which water rises to the surface without any necessary pumping is known as

an artesian well.

A well in which water rises to the surface without any necessary pumping is known as an artesian well. a water table well. an aquifer recharge well. an effluent well.

an artesian well.

What is the generic term for any line that connects points of equal value on a map?

an isoline

What is the generic term for any line that connects points of equal value on a map? an isopoint an isoline a legend a rhumb line a projection

an isoline

Circulation around a high pressure center is termed zonal. meridional. anticyclonic. cyclonic.

anticyclonic

Circulation around a high pressure center is termed

anticyclonic.

What is the term for a water-bearing rock stratum?

aquifer

What is the largest climatic type worldwide, occupying more than 35% of the earth's land area?

arid and semiarid climates

What is the largest climatic type worldwide, occupying more than 35% of the earth's land area? polar and highland climates arid and semiarid climates mesothermal climates tropical climates

arid and semiarid climates

What is the largest general climatic type worldwide, occupying more than 35% of earth's land area?

arid and semiarid climates

What is the largest general climatic type worldwide, occupying more than 35% of earth's land area? arid and semiarid climates polar and highland climates tropical climates mesothermal climates

arid and semiarid climates

Which of the following climatic types would you find in most of northern Africa?

arid desert

Which of the following climatic types would you find in most of northern Africa? semiarid steppe arid desert tropical rainforest tropical savanna

arid desert

Which of the following soil orders is most common worldwide?

aridisols

Which of the following soil orders is most common worldwide? aridisols spodosols histosols oxisols

aridisols

Which soil order has the greatest extent in the world?

aridisols

Which soil order has the greatest extent in the world? histosols oxisols aridisols spodosols

aridisols

A well in which water rises to the surface without any necessary pumping is known as

artesian well

Which of the following objects would have the lowest albedo?

asphalt

Which of the following objects would have the lowest albedo? asphalt fresh snow water concrete forest

asphalt

At which of the following locations is solar energy most concentrated?

at places where the angle of incidence is 90°

A parcel of air always becomes saturated under which of the following points?

at the dew point temperature

A parcel of air always becomes saturated under which of the following points? at the absolute humidity point at the lowest temperature of the day at the dew point temperature at the highest temperature of the day

at the dew point temperature

Occlusion

between warm and cold front(means "to close") occurs as cold front overtakes warm front can form warm/cold occlusions

According to the land-sea breeze cycle, what type of wind should a person expect when visiting a coastal beach during the day?

blowing from sea towards land

According to the land-sea breeze cycle, what type of wind should a person expect when visiting a coastal beach during the day? blowing along the coast, from north to south blowing from land towards sea blowing from sea towards land no wind at all

blowing from sea towards land

Air mass

body of air with similar temperature and moisture properties in any horizontal direction at any given time

Why is it difficult to establish agriculture in aridisols?

buildup of salts, insufficient water, excessive evapotranspiration

Which of the following air masses is usually the most stable?

Which of the following air masses is usually the most stable? cP mP mT cT

Which of the following air masses is usually the most stable? mP cT mT cP

Which of the following types of water is readily available to plants?

capillary water

Which of the following types of water is readily available to plants? hygroscopic water gravitational water all of these capillary water

capillary water

Which of the following types of water is readily available to plants? all of these gravitational water hygroscopic water capillary water

capillary water

Midlatitude wave cyclones

caused by conflict between contrasting air masses migrating low pressure center: converging ascending air spiraling inward to cell center Counterclockwise in N. Hemisphere Clockwise in S. Hemisphere

Which of the following cloud types would be found at the highest altitude?

cirrus

Which of the following cloud types would be found at the highest altitude? cirrus nimbostratus cumulus stratus

cirrus

Which is the smallest soil particle?

clay

Which is the smallest soil particle? prism silt clay sand

clay

Which is the smallest soil particle? prism clay sand silt

clay

Which of the following soil particles has the highest porosity?

clay

Which of the following soils would have the highest field capacity?

clay

Which of the following soils would have the highest field capacity? sand clay sandy loam loam silt loam

clay

Regional-scale ocean currents or gyres in the Northern Hemisphere typically flow

clockwise

Regional-scale ocean currents or gyres in the Northern Hemisphere typically flow consistently towards the North Pole. counterclockwise. clockwise. across the equator.

clockwise

Regional-scale ocean currents or gyres in the Northern Hemisphere typically flow

clockwise.

What type of front is produced where a cold air mass is moving into a warm air mass at the surface?

cold front

Cold front vs. warm front

cold: moisture- decreases temp- decreases pressure- increases warm: Moisture- increases temp- increases pressure- decreases

Which of the following are the three criteria used to classify the atmosphere?

composition, temperature, and function

Which of the following are the three criteria used to classify the atmosphere? composition, temperature, and evolution composition, temperature, and function structure, origin, and temperature structure, origin, and evolution

composition, temperature, and function

What provides most of the energy that strengthens tornadoes?

condensation

What provides most of the energy that strengthens tornadoes? condensation lightning air pressure friction

condensation

Which of the following accurately describes atmospheric conditions if the environmental lapse rate is between the dry adiabatic and moist adiabatic rates?

conditionally unstable

Which of the following accurately describes atmospheric conditions if the environmental lapse rate is between the dry adiabatic and moist adiabatic rates? conditionally unstable adiabatically stable environmentally unstable stable unstable

conditionally unstable

Which type of energy transfer involves molecule-to-molecule contact?

conduction

Which type of energy transfer involves molecule-to-molecule contact? advection reflection convection conduction radiation

conduction

The consistent afternoon thunderstorms that occur in the southeastern United States during the summer are usually produced by which lifting mechanism?

convection

The consistent afternoon thunderstorms that occur in the southeastern United States during the summer are usually produced by which lifting mechanism? convection frontal convergence orographic

convection

The consistent afternoon thunderstorms that occur in the southeastern United States during the summer are usually produced by which lifting mechanism? frontal convergence convection orographic

convection

What is the term for the physical transfer of heat through physical mixing of air including strong vertical motion?

convection

What is the term for the physical transfer of heat through physical mixing of air including strong vertical motion? convection advection absorption conduction

convection

Which of the following is a capability of a geographic information system? Select all that apply. data storage, manipulation and analysis sending images from satellites map production with different spatial information layers determining one's location

data storage, manipulation and analysis AND map production with different spatial information layers

Which of the following is a capability of a geographic information system? Select all that apply.

data storage, manipulation and analysis, map production with different spatial information layers

Which of the following describes the moisture condition if precipitation and soil moisture are inadequate to meet potential evapotranspiration?

deficit

Satellite images are based on

digital data that are stored electronically and then transmitted to earth by radio waves

Satellite images are based on signals compiled by geographic information systems. digital data that are stored electronically and then transmitted to earth by radio waves. holographic images created from laser-generated interference patterns. signals compiled by global positioning system receivers. standard photographic film which is recovered after a satellite returns to earth.

digital data that are stored electronically and then transmitted to earth by radio waves.

Satellite images are based on:

digital data that are stored electronically and then transmitted to earth by radio waves.

Leeward side

drier, far-side slope of mountain

Which area of the world experiences the largest annual range in temperature?

eastern Siberia

Which area of the world experiences the largest annual range in temperature? southern South America northern Africa eastern Siberia central Australia

eastern Siberia

Which of the following features are typically represented on topographic maps?

elevation

Which of the following features are typically represented on topographic maps? Select all that apply. atmospheric pressure rainfall wind elevation

elevation

Leaching is synonymous with which of the following terms?

eluviation

Leaching is synonymous with which of the following terms? adsorption illuviation eluviation deposition

eluviation

The property of equivalence in a map projection is also known as

equal area.

The property of equivalence in a map projection is also known as parallel. azimuthal. true shape. equal area. cylindrical.

equal area.

What type of fog is most likely to form over water rather than land?

evaporation fog

Which of the following types of fog is most likely to form over water rather than land?

evaporation fog

Which of the following types of fog is most likely to form over water rather than land? radiation fog upslope fog evaporation fog valley fog

evaporation fog

At the surface of the earth, air flows

from high pressure to low pressure

At the surface of the earth, air flows

from high pressure to low pressure.

At the surface of the earth, air flows from high pressure to high pressure. from high pressure to low pressure. from low pressure to high pressure. from low pressure to low pressure.

from high pressure to low pressure.

Which of the following processes produces the energy we receive from the sun?

fusion

Which of the following processes produces the energy we receive from the sun? combustion auroras fusion perihelion

fusion

Which of the following terms best describes the shape of the earth?

geoid

Which of the following terms best identifies the focus of physical geography?

geosystems

Most of the earth's fresh water is in which of the following forms?

glaciers and ice caps

Most of the earth's fresh water is in which of the following forms? glaciers and ice caps soil moisture groundwater lakes and rivers

glaciers and ice caps

If you are making a map that is likely to be photocopied and enlarged or shrunk by users, which type of scale would be best to include on your map?

graphic scale

Pumping of groundwater that exceeds the amount of natural recharge of an aquifer is called

groundwater mining.

Pumping of groundwater that exceeds the amount of natural recharge of an aquifer is called groundwater mining. groundwater aeration. groundwater discharging. groundwater acceleration.

groundwater mining.

Which of the following is correctly matched? Select all that apply. high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere low pressure—counter-clockwise rotation in the Southern Hemisphere low pressure—sinking air in the Southern Hemisphere low pressure—counter-clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere

high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere AND low pressure—counter-clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere

Which of the following is correctly matched? Select all that apply.

high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere low pressure—counter-clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere

What does a Mediterranean climograph look like?

https://byuis.brainhoney.com/Resource/45940248,0/Assets/Media/Images/MediterraneanClimograph.jpg

Which of the following would best describe an area with a very high dew point?

humid

Which of the following would best describe an area with a very high dew point? cold dry humid warm

humid

Which two climatic types are found along most of the East coast of the United States?

humid continental and humid subtropical

Which two climatic types are found along most of the East coast of the United States? arid desert and semiarid steppe humid continental and subarctic humid continental and humid subtropical Mediterranean and marine west coast

humid continental and humid subtropical

Which two climatic types are found along most of the East coast of the United States? humid continental and humid subtropical Mediterranean and marine west coast humid continental and subarctic arid desert and semiarid steppe

humid continental and humid subtropical

Which of the following climatic types would you find in most of the southeastern United States?

humid subtropical

Which of the following climatic types would you find in most of the southeastern United States? arid desert tropical savanna humid subtropical humid continental

humid subtropical

Which of the following climatic types would you be least likely to find on the west coast of the midlatitudes?

humid subtropical (as opposed to marine west coast and Mediterranean)

What is the term for the collection of minerals and oxides in a portion of the soil profile?

illuviation

What is the term for the collection of minerals and oxides in a portion of the soil profile? leaching eluviation humification illuviation

illuviation

According to the mountain-valley breeze cycle, which of the following times would be best to take a bicycle trip up a canyon, assuming you want the wind at your back?

in the afternoon

According to the mountain-valley breeze cycle, which of the following times would be best to take a bicycle trip up a canyon, assuming you want the wind at your back? in the afternoon very late at night any time high pressure dominates over the mountains very early in the morning none of these times

in the afternoon

In most places, when is relative humidity usually the lowest?

in the afternoon

In most places, when is relative humidity usually the lowest? in the morning in the afternoon near midnight

in the afternoon

Loss of stratospheric ozone is occurring primarily in which of the following places?

in the higher latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere

Loss of stratospheric ozone is occurring primarily in which of the following places? throughout the tropics in the higher latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere near the equator in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere

in the higher latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere

Which of the following would be most likely to be portrayed on a very large-scale map?

individual streets in a town

Which of the following would be most likely to be portrayed on a very large-scale map? continents and oceans individual streets in a town time zones mountain ranges

individual streets in a town

What controls the climatic type represented by the climograph (monsoon)?

influence of the ITCZ during summer and subtropical highs during winter

tropical monsoon climate is controlled by what? constant influence of the ITCZ influence of the ITCZ during winter and subtropical highs during summer constant influence of the subtropical highs influence of the ITCZ during summer and subtropical highs during winter

influence of the ITCZ during summer and subtropical highs during winter

What controls the climatic type represented by this climograph (Mediterranean)?

influence of the westerlies during winter and the subtropical highs during summer

Electromagnetic energy reaches the earth atmosphere system from the sun via which of the following energy transfer processes?

insolation

Why is it difficult to establish agriculture in aridisols? Select all that apply. insufficient water excessive evapotranspiration buildup of salts

insufficient water excessive evapotranspiration buildup of salts

Because geography uses elements from both the physical and human systems to explain the spatial distribution of various phenomena, we can call geography a(n) ____________ science.

integrative

Because geography uses elements from both the physical and human systems to explain the spatial distribution of various phenomena, we can call geography a(n) ____________ science. social physiographic integrative natural humanistic

integrative

What is the main source of energy for both tornadoes and hurricanes?

latent heat

What is the name of the heat energy involved in phase or state changes in water?

latent heat

What is the name of the heat energy involved in phase or state changes in water? sensible heat mechanical heat sublimation heat latent heat

latent heat

By which of the following processes does the earth's surface lose most of the insolation it absorbs?

latent heat transfer

By which of the following processes does the earth's surface lose most of the insolation it absorbs? latent heat transfer conduction refraction scattering radiation

latent heat transfer

Which pedogenic regime is most associated with the tropics?

laterization

Which pedogenic regime is most associated with the tropics? salinization vulcanization podzolization laterization calcification

laterization

Which of the following most strongly controls patterns of temperature on the surface of the earth?

latitude

Which of the following most strongly controls patterns of temperature on the surface of the earth? cloud cover altitude latitude land-water heating differences ocean currents

latitude

If you decided to take up farming, which of the following combinations of soil texture would you be happiest to find on your property, assuming moisture availability was of prime importance?

loam

If you decided to take up farming, which of the following combinations of soil texture would you be happiest to find on your property, assuming moisture availability was of prime importance? clay loam loamy sand sand silty clay

loam

Source region

location from which air mass originates(where gets its temperature and moisture properties) longer air mass is stationary in source region more likely it will assume properties from surface below

Maximum temperatures usually occur after peak radiation in a given day or year. In a maritime location, this lag is usually

longer compared to a continental location.

Maximum temperatures usually occur after peak radiation in a given day or year. In a maritime location, this lag is usually shorter compared to a continental location. longer compared to a continental location. the same as at a continental location. less predictable than at a continental location.

longer compared to a continental location.

Maximum temperatures usually occur after peak radiation in a given day or year. In a maritime location, this lag is usually

longer compared to continental location

Radiation emitted from the earth falls within which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum?

longwave

Which of the following is correctly matched? Select all that apply. low pressure—sinking air in the Southern Hemisphere high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere low pressure—counterclockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere low pressure—counterclockwise rotation in the Southern Hemisphere

low pressure—sinking air in the Southern Hemisphere high pressure—sinking air in the Northern Hemisphere

The specific heat of land is ________ than that of water, and therefore heats more ________.

lower; quickly

The specific heat of land is ________ than that of water, and therefore heats more ________. lower; slowly lower; quickly higher; quickly higher; slowly

lower; quickly

What type of air mass would you most likely experience in Florida?

What type of air mass would you most likely experience in Florida? cA cT cP mP mT

Which of the following air masses would be warm and wet?

Which of the following air masses would be warm and wet? cP mP mT cA cT

Which of the following air masses would be warm and wet? cT cA mP mT cP

What two air masses usually collide to produce strong midlatitude cyclones, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes?

mT and cP

What two air masses usually collide to produce strong midlatitude cyclones, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes? mP and cP mT and cT cT and cP mT and cP

mT and cP

Which of the following is a capability of a geographic information system?

map production with different spatial information layers, data storage, manipulation and analysis

Where are most of the world's desalination plants located?

middle east

Which of the following most completely describes the makeup of soil?

minerals, gases, water, and organic matter

Which of the following most completely describes the makeup of soil? weathered bedrock and regolith minerals, gases, water, and organic matter sand, silt and clay mixed dirt and water

minerals, gases, water, and organic matter

Which soil order has the highest agricultural productivity?

mollisols

Which soil order has the highest agricultural productivity? spodosols aridisols mollisols oxisols

mollisols

The Coriolis force is strongest

near the poles.

The Coriolis force is strongest wherever there is a lot of friction. at the equator. in the Southern Hemisphere. near the poles. in the Northern Hemisphere.

near the poles.

What type of feedback is represented by the lake system diagram example? both positive and negative feedback there is not enough information to tell. positive feedback negative feedback

negative feedback

Which type of feedback will produce self-regulation and stability in a system?

negative feedback

Which type of feedback will produce self-regulation and stability in a system? negative feedback equilibrium feedback positive feedback all of the above

negative feedback

What causes conditionally unstable air to become unstable? Select all that apply.

net condensation, the release of latent heat, the rising parcel of air switches from the DAR to the MAR

What is the usual result of the scientific method? Select all that apply. a bunch of numbers new knowledge a need for continued observation and testing an established set of unquestionable facts

new knowledge a need for continued observation and testing

What is the usual result of the scientific method?

new knowledge, a need for continued observation and testing

What cloud type would be associated with rain?

nimbostratus

Which of the following cloud types would be associated with rain?

nimbostratus

Which of the following cloud types would be associated with rain? nimbostratus cirrus altostratus cirrostratus

nimbostratus

Which of the following cloud types would be found at the lowest altitude?

nimbostratus

Which of the following cloud types would be found at the lowest altitude? altostratus altocumulus nimbostratus cirrus

nimbostratus

Which of the following gases makes up most of our atmosphere? water vapor carbon dioxide argon nitrogen oxygen

nitrogen

Which of the following represents a body of facts that is specific to geography? landforms climate settlement patterns political systems none of these; geography is governed more by method and approach than a specific body of facts

none of these; geography is governed more by method and approach than a specific body of facts

The peak of radiation we receive from the sun falls within which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum? ultraviolet radio waves infrared visible microwaves

not ultraviolet

Which of the following comes first in the scientific method? development of a hypothesis development of governing laws observation predictions

observation

Which of the following comes first in the scientific method? observation model development predictions development of a hypothesis

observation

During which stage of a midlatitude cyclone does a cold front catch up to a warm front?

occluded

During which stage of a midlatitude cyclone does a cold front catch up to a warm front? cyclogenesis dissolving open occluded

occluded

Cold occlusion

occurs when air behind occluded front is colder than ahead

Warm occlusion

occurs when air behind occluded front is warmer than air ahead

Which of the following mechanisms of atmospheric uplift is least likely to be found over the ocean, helping to explain why evaporation is greater than precipitation over the oceans in the hydrologic cycle?

orographic

Which soil order would you be least likely to find in the continental United States?

oxisols

Which soil order would you be least likely to find in the continental United States? oxisols aridisols spodosols mollisols

oxisols

Which of the following does not help to explain why we have seasons? Earth's tilted axis Earth's axial parallelism the revolution of Earth around the sun perihelion and aphelion

perihelion and aphelion

Which of the following does not help to explain why we have seasons? Earth's tilted axis perihelion and aphelion the revolution of Earth around the sun Earth's axial parallelism

perihelion and aphelion

Which of the following characteristics of soil is affected by the presence of clay? Select all that apply.

porosity, water availability, nutrient availability, permeability

Cyclogenesis

process by which low pressure Wave Cyclone develops and strengthens often occurs at polar front slight disturbances along polar front can initiate

Which of the following is an example of active remote sensing?

radar

Which of the following is an example of active remote sensing? an aerial photograph infrared satellite imagery radar advanced very high resolution radiometer

radar

What is the principal control over arid desert climates? rain shadows continental tropical air masses the subtropical highs the westerlies

rain shadows

If a farmer is having trouble with waterlogged soils, which of the following would be best to add to the soil?

sand

Solar radiation is primarily ________ whereas radiation from the Earth is exclusively ________

shortwave; longwave

Solar radiation is primarily ________ whereas radiation from the Earth is exclusively ________. gamma; visible shortwave; longwave ultraviolet; microwave radio wave; ultraviolet thermal infrared; near infrared

shortwave; longwave

Solar radiation is primarily ________ whereas radiation from the Earth is exclusively ________

shortwave;longwave

The larger the scale of a map, the ________ the extent covered by the map and the ________ the amount of detail it provides.

smaller; greater

The larger the scale of a map, the ________ the extent covered by the map and the ________ the amount of detail it provides. smaller; greater greater; smaller greater; greater smaller; smaller

smaller; greater

The larger the scale of a map, the ________ the extent covered by the map and the ________ the amount of detail it provides.

smaller;greater

In the Northern Hemisphere, an object traveling from west to east will initially be deflected to the ________ by the Coriolis force.

south

When light passes into the atmosphere, it changes ________ in a process known as ________.

speed and direction; refraction

When light passes into the atmosphere, it changes ________ in a process known as ________. color; reflection speed and direction; reflection speed and direction; refraction color; Rayleigh scattering color; refraction

speed and direction; refraction

Air that sinks or does not rise is considered

stable

Air that sinks or does not rise is considered dry. humid. unstable. adiabatic. stable.

stable.

Cold front

steep face of cold air mass hugs ground denser/heavier violent

Select all the options that correctly complete this statement: When ice melts or water evaporates, latent heat is released to the atmosphere. changed to measurable heat. stored in water molecules.

stored in water molecules

Select all the options that correctly complete this statement: When ice melts or water evaporates, latent heat is

stored in water molecules.

Select all the options that correctly complete this statement: When ice melts or water evaporates, latent heat is changed to measurable heat. released to the atmosphere. stored in water molecules.

stored in water molecules.

When ice melts or water evaporates, latent heat is

stored in water molecules.

Your friend, knowing you are enrolled in Geography 101, decides to test your knowledge by asking you to identify the extensive, flat layer of clouds that has formed at low altitudes. Which of the following terms would you appropriately use?

stratus

If you do not like extreme seasonal changes in temperature, in which of the following climatic types would you be least happy?

subarctic

If you do not like extreme seasonal changes in temperature, in which of the following climatic types would you be least happy? tropical rainforest polar subarctic tropical savanna

subarctic

Which climatic type experiences the greatest annual temperature ranges due to continentality?

subarctic

Which climatic type experiences the greatest annual temperature ranges due to continentality? tropical monsoon tropical savanna humid subtropical subarctic

subarctic

If you do not like extreme seasonal changes in temperature, in which of the following climatic types would you be least happy? tropical savanna subarctic polar tropical rainforest

subartic

In which of the following locations would one be most likely to find warm, dry, descending air? the subpolar front the polar highs the ITCZ the subtropical highs none of these

subtropical highs

What is the principal control over arid desert climates?

subtropical highs

What are the dominant controls over Mediterranean climates?

subtropical highs during summer and the westerlies (cyclonic storm tracks) during winter

What are the dominant controls over Mediterranean climates? subtropical highs during winter and the westerlies (cyclonic storm tracks) during summer influence of the subtropical highs year-round subtropical highs during summer and the westerlies (cyclonic storm tracks) during winter influence of the ITCZ year-round

subtropical highs during summer and the westerlies (cyclonic storm tracks) during winter

The makeup of sand, silt, and clay determines which of the following soil properties?

texture

The makeup of sand, silt, and clay determines which of the following soil properties? texture color depth structure

texture

Which of the following pressure cells are located near 60° N in the Pacific Ocean? Select all that apply.

the Aleutian Low

Most of the United States is located between which of the following pairs of parallels?

the Arctic Circle and and the Tropic of Cancer

Most of the United States is located between which of the following pairs of parallels? the Tropic of Cancer and the equator the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn the Arctic Circle and and the Tropic of Cancer the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle

the Arctic Circle and and the Tropic of Cancer

What controls the climatic type represented by this climograph (tropical rainforest)?

the ITCZ

What controls the climatic type represented by this climograph? continentality the subtropical highs the westerlies the ITCZ

the ITCZ

Which of the following pairs of the earth's global pressure systems are involved in the monsoon phenomenon?

the ITCZ and the subtropical highs

Which of the following pairs of the earth's global pressure systems are involved in the monsoon phenomenon? the ITCZ and the subpolar lows the ITCZ and the subtropical highs the subpolar lows and the subtropical highs the subpolar lows and the polar highs

the ITCZ and the subtropical highs

You are standing at the Tropic of Cancer at noon and you have no shadow. What day is it?

the June solstice

You are standing at the Tropic of Cancer at noon and you have no shadow. What day is it? the March equinox the June solstice the September equinox the December solstice

the June solstice

Where are most of the world's desalination plants located?

the Middle East

Where are most of the world's desalination plants located? southern Africa the Middle East the United States Australia

the Middle East

Where are most of the world's desalination plants located? the Middle East Australia southern Africa the United States

the Middle East

The "greenhouse effect" refers to

the absorption of longwave radiation by carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases.

The "greenhouse effect" refers to the absorption of shortwave radiation by hydrogen. the absorption of longwave radiation by the ozone layer. the absorption of shortwave radiation by carbon dioxide. the absorption of longwave radiation by carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases.

the absorption of longwave radiation by carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases.

Which of the following correctly defines potential evapotranspiration?

the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available

Which of the following correctly defines potential evapotranspiration? the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available the amount of unmet water demand in an area the moisture supply actual evapotranspiration under conditions of moisture deficit

the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available

Which of the following correctly defines potential evapotranspiration? actual evapotranspiration under conditions of moisture deficit the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available the moisture supply the amount of unmet water demand in an area

the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available

Relative humidity

the amount of water vapor present in air expressed as a percentage of the amount needed for saturation at the same temperature.

Where would you be most likely to find frontal lifting?

the midlatitudes

Where would you be most likely to find frontal lifting? the ITCZ the high latitudes the poles the midlatitudes

the midlatitudes

If net condensation is occurring in a rising parcel of air, at what rate will the parcel of air cool as it rises?

the moist adiabatic rate

If net condensation is occurring in a rising parcel of air, at what rate will the parcel of air cool as it rises? the dry adiabatic rate the environmental lapse rate either the dry or moist adiabatic rate the moist adiabatic rate

the moist adiabatic rate

The plane of the earth's orbit about the sun is known as

the plane of the ecliptic.

0° longitude is also known as

the prime meridian

0° longitude is also known as the North Pole. the Tropic of Cancer. the international date line. the prime meridian. the equator.

the prime meridian.

Which region in the United States is most susceptible to water deficits?

the southwest

Which region in the United States is most susceptible to water deficits? the northeast the southwest the southeast the northwest

the southwest

In which of the following locations would one be most likely to find warm, dry, descending air?

the subtropical highs

In which of the following locations would one be most likely to find warm, dry, descending air? the ITCZ the subpolar front the subtropical highs the polar highs none of these

the subtropical highs

What is the principal control over arid desert climates?

the subtropical highs

What is the principal control over arid desert climates? continental tropical air masses rain shadows the subtropical highs the westerlies

the subtropical highs

When isotherms on a temperature map bend poleward, it indicates a location where?

the temperature is warmer than expected based on latitude

When isotherms on a temperature map bend poleward, it indicates a location where

the temperature is warmer than expected based on latitude.

When were problems with air pollution first reported?

the time of the Romans (2000 years ago)

When were problems with air pollution first reported? the time of the Romans (2000 years ago) the Middle Ages (approximately 550 AD to 1500 AD) the 1800s the mid-20th twentieth century

the time of the Romans (2000 years ago)

About 90% of the total mass of the atmosphere is contained within which of the following layers?

the troposphere

About 90% of the total mass of the atmosphere is contained within which of the following layers? the ionosphere the troposphere the thermosphere the stratosphere the heterosphere

the troposphere

What is the term for the boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation?

the water table

What is the term for the boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation? the artesian surface the water table the aquifer the aquiclude

the water table

What is the term for the boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation? the water table the aquifer the aquiclude the artesian surface

the water table

Air flowing from the subtropical highs to the subpolar lows produces which of the following global wind belts?

the westerlies

Air flowing from the subtropical highs to the subpolar lows produces which of the following global wind belts? the trade winds the polar easterlies the westerlies the doldrums

the westerlies

Which global wind belt is most common in the contiguous 48 United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii)?

the westerlies

Which global wind belt is most common in the contiguous 48 United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii)? the northerlies the doldrums the westerlies the trade winds the polar easterlies

the westerlies

You are standing at the Tropic of Capricorn at noon and you have no shadow. What day is it?

the winter (December) solstice

You are standing at the Tropic of Capricorn at noon and you have no shadow. What day is it? the vernal (March) equinox the autumnal (September) equinox the summer (June) solstice the winter (December) solstice

the winter (December) solstice

The Intertropical Convergence Zone is an example of which of the following?

thermal, low-pressure zone

Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska are all part of

tornado alley

Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska are all part of tornado alley. cyclogenesis stripe. hurricane row. thunderstorm central.

tornado alley

Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska are all part of

tornado alley.

Front

transition zone between two air masses of different densities

Which of the following climatic types has very strong seasonality with regards to precipitation, but not temperature?

tropical monsoon

Which of the following climatic types has very strong seasonality with regards to precipitation, but not temperature? subarctic tropical rainforest tropical monsoon marine west coast

tropical monsoon

A bunch of constant rain = What climatic type does this climograph represent? Mediterranean tropical savanna subarctic tropical rainforest

tropical rainforest

Which of the following climatic types does not have a strong seasonal component?

tropical rainforest

Which of the following climatic types does not have a strong seasonal component? subarctic tropical rainforest Mediterranean tropical savanna

tropical rainforest

Which of the following climatic types does not have a strong seasonal component? Mediterranean subarctic tropical savanna tropical rainforest

tropical rainforest

Which climatic type is influenced by the ITCZ during part of the year, and the subtropical highs during another part?

tropical savanna

Which climatic type is influenced by the ITCZ during part of the year, and the subtropical highs during another part? Mediterranean humid subtropical tropical savanna tropical rainforest

tropical savanna

Which of the following accurately describes the commonly used Mercator projection? Select all that apply. equal area true shape conic cylindrical

true shape and cylindrical

How many times each year does the subsolar point pass over the equator?

twice

How many times each year does the subsolar point pass over the equator? once twice three times four times

twice

Which of the following best describes the current emphasis in the field of physical geography?

understanding how the earth's systems interact to produce natural phenomena

Which of the following best describes the current emphasis in the field of physical geography? collecting and cataloguing facts about natural phenomena on the earth tracking changes in the world's biodiversity understanding how the earth's systems interact to produce natural phenomena studying climates

understanding how the earth's systems interact to produce natural phenomena

Which of the following most accurately characterizes the goal of geography?

understanding why a place has the characteristics that it does

Which of the following most accurately characterizes the goal of geography? the production and analysis of maps memorization of the names of places on world and regional maps memorization of the imports and exports of a country understanding why a place has the characteristics that it does

understanding why a place has the characteristics that it does

A parcel of air that is warmer than its surroundings is considered

unstable

Which of the following accurately describes atmospheric conditions if the environmental lapse rate is 12°C/km, the dry adiabatic rate is 10°C/km, and the moist adiabatic rate is 6°C/km?

unstable

A parcel of air that is warmer than its surroundings is considered stable. humid. adiabatic. unstable. dry.

unstable.

The peak of radiation we receive from the sun falls within which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum?

visible

The peak of radiation we receive from the sun falls within which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum? infrared visible microwaves ultraviolet radio waves

visible

What conditions are found with a thermal low pressure center?

warm, rising air

What conditions are found with a thermal low pressure center? warm, sinking air cool, sinking air warm, rising air cool, rising air

warm, rising air

The specific heat of water is greater than that of land. What does this mean?

water heats more slowly than does land

What is the term for the boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation?

water table

Areas that experience monsoon circulation are characterized by ________ summers and ________ winters.

wet; dry

Areas that experience monsoon circulation are characterized by ________ summers and ________ winters. dry; wet wet; wet dry; dry wet; dry

wet; dry

Areas that experience monsoon circulation are characterized by ________ summers and ________ winters.

wet;dry

Which of the following is affected most strongly by the Coriolis force?

winds in the upper atmosphere

Which of the following is affected most strongly by the Coriolis force? ocean currents winds near the earth's surface winds near the equator winds in the upper atmosphere

winds in the upper atmosphere

Which of the following is affected most strongly by the Coriolis force? winds near the equator winds in the upper atmosphere winds near the earth's surface ocean currents

winds in the upper atmosphere

Which of the following best describes moisture conditions for Mediterranean climates?

winter-wet, summer-dry

Which of the following best describes moisture conditions for Mediterranean climates? always dry always wet winter-dry, summer-wet winter-wet, summer-dry

winter-wet, summer-dry

A scale given as "one centimeter to one kilometer" is an example of which type of scale? written representative fraction equal area graphic true shape

written

A scale given as "one centimeter to one kilometer" is an example of which type of scale?

written scale

What is the term for the subsurface zone where air exists with water in the space between soil and rock particles?

zone of aeration

What is the term for the subsurface zone where air exists with water in the space between soil and rock particles? dry zone zone of saturation aquiclude zone of aeration

Geography 101, BYU Geography Midterm, Geography Midterm 1, Geography 100

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