Geology Midterm Questions

What does the rule of Vs tell us about rivers?

The direction of the water

The principle of inclusions states that

a sedimentary rock must be younger than the clasts that it contains

Groundwater is unique among all of the erosional agents because it

carves landscapes from below the surface.

Spits and barrier islands are

deposited by longshore drift.

The water table is lowered

during periods of drought.

The principle of superstition can be used to determine the relative age of all of the following but

folded sedimentary rocks.

The __________ of a stream are where it begins, and its __________ is where it flows into another body of water.

headwaters; mouth

The sinuosity of a stream is a measure of

how much it meanders

The gradient of a stream describes

the steepness of its path through the landscape.

The dominant cause of erosion along lake and ocean shorelines is

waves.

The term relative age refers to

whether a feature is older or younger than another

Small tick marks (hachures) on contour lines indicate

depressions

Shoreline features are

among the most rapidly changing landscapes.

Sinkholes typically have steep-walled sides because

gravity causes the roof of an area hollowed by solution to collapse

Which of the following could be the base level of a stream?

All of the possible answers are correct: a lake into which it flows a larger stream into which it flows the ocean

A steep slope would have contour lines that are?

Close together

What is not one of the 3 types of fault

Heliofaults

What most likely will happen if the water table is at the surface of the ground?

All of the possible answers are correct: Small depressions will be filled with water. Basements will flood. Water from heavy rain will not be able to sink into the ground...

Groundwater is the part of the hydrosphere in which water does which of the following?

All of the possible answers are correct: a. Seeps into pores in sediment and rocks b. flows through fractures in bedrock c. may leak into the ground from streams

By what motion(s) do sediment particles move in a stream?

All of the possible answers are correct: sliding rolling bouncing

Shorelines can be made of?

All of the possible answers are correct: solid rock loose sand and gravel organic materials (trees, marsh grass, coral)

If a sequence of sedimentary rocks has been folded and is now vertical,

graded bedding - can help determine whether some beds are older or younger than the beds next to them.

Contour lines on a map connect points

of equal elevation

An angular unconformity is evidence that

there is an incomplete geologic record preserved in an area.

Waves are caused by

wind.