GI Assessment PrepU
The nurse is assisting the physician with a gastric acid stimulation test for a patient. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer subcutaneously to stimulate gastric secretions?
Pentagastrin
A patient is in the outpatient recovery area after having a colonoscopy and informs the nurse of abdominal cramping. What is the best response by the nurse?
" The cramping is caused by the air insufflated in the colon during the procedure
Which of the following is an enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa?
pepsin
When preparing a client for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen, which statement would indicate the need to notify the physician?
"I really don't like to be in small, enclosed spaces."
A home care nurse is caring for a client with complaints of epigastric discomfort who is scheduled for a barium swallow. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the test?
"I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test."
A nursing instructor tells the class that review of oral hygiene is an important component during assessment of the gastrointestinal system. One of the students questions this statement. Which of the following explanations from the nurse educator is most appropriate?
"Injury to oral mucosa or tooth decay can lead to difficulty in chewing food."
A client recently started a new medication to treat a suspected ulcer. She asks the nurse how this medicine is helping. Which of the following would be the best response by the nurse regarding anti-ulcerative medications?
"This medication reduces the acid secretion in your stomach."
A client who had a colonoscopy with removal of a polyp is being prepared for discharge. Which of the following would the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
"You might feel some cramping and gas but these usually go away in about a day."
A patient asks the nurse why the physician ordered the blood test carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nurse answers:
"it indicates if a cancer is present"
The nurse is caring for a client recovering from an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which of the following client symptoms would require further nursing assessment?
Abdominal distention
A nurse assesses the abdomen of a newly admitted client. Which finding would necessitate further investigation?
Asymmetrical upper quadrants
During a colonoscopy with moderate sedation, the patient groans with obvious discomfort and begins bleeding from the rectum. The patient is diaphoretic and has an increase in abdominal girth from distention. What complication of this procedure is the nurse aware may be occurring?
Bowel perforation
A client is scheduled for several diagnostic tests to evaluate her gastrointestinal function. After teaching the client about these tests, the nurse determines that the client has understood the teaching when she identifies which test as not requiring the use of a contrast medium?
Colonoscopy
The nurse is conducting education relating to test preparation for a patient scheduled to undergo an abdominal ultrasonography. The nurse instructs the patient to do which of the following
Restrict eating of solid food for 8 to 12 hours before the test.
The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment. The nurse should perform the assessment in which of the following orders?
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
A client is diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. The physician begins the client on cyanocobalamin (Betalin-12), 100 mcg I.M. daily. Which substance influences vitamin B12 absorption?
Intrinsic factor
Which of the following terms describes a gastric secretion that combines with vitamin B12 so that it can be absorbed?
Intrinsic factor
After 20 seconds of auscultating for bowel sounds on a client recovering from abdominal surgery, the nurse hears nothing. Which of the following should the nurse do based on the assessment findings?
Listen longer for the sounds.
During assessment of a patient complaining of dyspepsia, the nurse is aware that abdominal pain associated with indigestion is usually which of the following
described as cramping or burning
Following ingestion of carrots or beets, the nurse would expect which alteration in stool color?
Red
The nurse is answering questions regarding fecal matter for a client who is scheduled for a colon resection. The client is asking questions regarding the composition of the fecal matter and when it becomes a formed mass. The nurse is most correct to state at which location?
Sigmoid colon
The nurse has been directed to position a patient for an examination of the abdomen. What position should the nurse place the patient in for the examination?
Supine position with the knees flexed to relax the abdominal muscles
The nurse is preparing to examine the abdomen of a client complaining of a change in his bowel pattern. The nurse would place the client in which position?
Supine with knees flexed
The nurses is assessing for blood in the stool due to an upper GI condition. The nurse understands that if there is blood in the stool, the stool will be which of the following colors
Tarry black
A client is to have an upper GI procedure with barium ingestion and abdominal ultrasonography. While scheduling these diagnostic tests, the nurse must consider which factor?
The ultrasonography should be scheduled before the GI procedure.
Upon review of a client's chart, the nurse notes the client has been receiving antiemetics every 6 to 8 hours. What in this client's history may necessitate such frequency?face
Treatment for cancer
The patient is describing to the nurse a test that he underwent to detect a small bowel obstruction prior to admission to the hospital. The patient states that the test involved insertion of a tube through the nose and lasted over 6 hours. The nurse documents the name of the test as which of the following?
Upper GI enteroclysis
A client is scheduled for several diagnostic tests to evaluate her gastrointestinal function. After teaching the client about these tests, the nurse determines that the client has understood the teaching when she identifies which test as not requiring the use of a contrast medium?
colonoscopy
The nurse is assessing bowel sounds and hears one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. The nurse documents the bowel sounds as being which of the following?
hypoactive
Which of the following would be most important to ensure that a client does not retain any barium after a barium swallow?
monitoring the stool passage and its color
When bowel sounds are heard about every 15 seconds, the nurse would record that the bowel sounds are
normal
A patient tells the nurse that his stool was colored yellow. The nurse assesses for which of the following?
recent foods ingested
A patient receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which of the following nursing interventions is advised for this patient?
Do not give any foood and fluid until the gag reflex returns
Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system?
Duodenum
Which of the following is an age-related change of the GI system?
weakened gag reflex
A client undergoing a diagnostic examination for gastrointestinal disorder was given polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution as a part of the test preparation. Which of the following measures should the nurse take once the solution is administered?
Permit the client to drink only clear liquids.
Specific disease processes and ingestion of certain foods and medications may change the appearance of the stool. If blood is shed in sufficient quantities into the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, it produces which change in the stool appearance?
Tarry-black