gov 132 section 3
what is the Most-Favored Nation (MFN)
A principle by which one state, by granting another state MFN status, promises to give it the same treatment given to the first state's most-favored trading partner
TAL-7
Atomic/Information Age
TAL-2 =
Bronze Age
TAL-3 =
Dark/Iron Age
where is the most important free trade area?
Europe (EU)
When was the GHSA launched
February 2014
what does GHSA stand for?
Global Health Security Agenda
TAL-6
Industrial Revolution
TAL-4 =
Medieval Age
what happened at TAL-0 (pre-historic age)?
N/A
TAL-5 =
Renaissance/Colonial/Age of Reason
TAL-1 =
Stone Age
what is the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)?
a world organization established in 1947 to work for freer trade on a multilateral basis, the GATT was more of a negotiating framework than an administrative institution
what did the doha round (2001) focus on?
agriculture, intellectual property, and other issues
what is a pandemic?
an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents and affects many people
what is an epidemic?
an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area
what does yellow dust consist of?
ash, carbon monoxide, and other toxic pollutant like mercury
how strong is the US cultural influence?
at least as strong as US military influence
national multisectoral cooperation and preparedness are....
at the core of effective control of infectious diseases through strengthened health systems and preparedness
why do rich states want to protect rain forests?
because rainforests resources help them economically
what are greenhouse gases a result of?
burning of fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas)
what are the greenhouse gases?
carbon dioxide, methane gas, chlorofluorocarbons, and nitrous oxide
what is the role of global telecommunications?
connecting the world
what is the debt-for-nature swap?
debt is canceled in exchange for the state's agreement to preserve forests
what is the main cause of yellow dust?
desertification of northern China, Mongolia, and Central Asia
what is a zoonotic disease?
disease that can spread from animals to humans
what is sustainable development?
economic growth that does not deplete resources and destroy ecosystems
what happened at the 1992 Earth Summit?
established the Commission on Sustainable Development
what is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
free trade zone encompassing the U.S, Canada and Mexico since 1994
what is the information revolution doing?
further increasing interdependence
what is the digital divide?
gap in access to information technologies within countries
what do greenhouse gases act like?
gases act like glass in greenhouse
what happened at TAL-7 (Atomic/Information Age)?
globalization
who lives in rainforests?
half of the world's total species
where are the largest rainforests?
in poor states who benefit economically from exploiting forests by getting developmental assistance
what threats do infectious disease epidemic pose?
local health threat and an international health security threat
what is an example of an endemic?
malaria
what happened at TAL-6 (industrial revolution)?
mass production/manufacture
what happened at TAL-5 (renaissance/colonial/age of reason)?
mature of science
what happened at TAL-4 (medieval age)?
maturing civilization
does the Commission on Sustainable Development or the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development have power of enforcement?
no
TAL-0 =
pre-historic age
what happened at TAL-3 (Dark/Iron Age)
producing of steel
what is the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA)?
proposed free trade area for North and South Americas; currently on hold
what was the Doha round?
a series of negotiations under the World Trade Organization that began in Doha, Qatar in 2001
what is Asian dust?
a meteorological phenomenon that affects much of East Asia year-round during the spring
what was the Uruguay round?
a series of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) that began in Uruguay in 1994 with agreement to create the WTO
what are the ways AIDS spread internationally?
- business - tourism - migration - military operations (reflects the interdependence of states)
what are the possible mechanisms of international spread of zoonotic diseases?
- legal poultry business - illegal bird trade - migrating birds - humans (contaminated objects)
what are examples or global warming?
- massive melt-offs of Arctic ice - freakish weather - devastating storms
what does the Commission on Sustainable Development do?
- monitors states' compliance with the promises made at the Earth Summit - Replaced by High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development in 2013
why do poor countries not use internet?
- poor villages can't afford internet - they can't read the language on most websites - they can't maintain computers and web sites without training
characteristics of tv and radio
- reach poorest rural areas of the global south - allocation of frequencies is a subject of interstate bargaining - satellite TV bypasses states' control and fortifies transnational or supranational identity politics
what are the downsides of global culture?
- white Europeans and their descendants in rich areas of the world (cultural imperialism) - half of the worlds 7000 languages risk extinction in this century (according to UNESCO) - emerging global culture dominated by the United States
what 3 areas of action do the 11 GHSA action packages cover
1. Prevent Avoidable Epidemics 2. Detect Threats Early 3. Respond Rapidly and Effectively
How many parties signed the Paris Climate Agreement (2015)?
195 parties
what is an example of a pandemic?
1981 Spanish flu
how long was the Uruguay round?
1986-1994
when did the 1997 Kyoto Protocol go into effect?
2005
when was the extension of Kyoto framework from 2013-2017 agreed upon?
2011
when did the Trump administration announce they would no longer be a member of the Paris Climate Agreement?
2017
what were the fatalities of the HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2017?
35 million died and 36-37 million more were infected
what percent of infectious diseases are spread from animals?
60% (6 in 10)
what percentage of emerging diseases are from animal reservoirs?
72%
what is the hole in the wall experiment?
a computer was placed in a kiosk in the wall at a slum in Kalkaji Delhi and children could use it freely
what is global warming?
a long-term rise in the average world temperature; high on the political agenda
what is the Generalized System (GSP)?
a mechanism by which some industrialized states began, in the 1970s, to give tariff concessions to third world states on certain imports; an exception to the most-favored nation (MFN) principle
what do rain forests do?
replenishes oxygen and reduces carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
what are telecommunications doing?
strengthening the identity principle; people's identities have new sources and new avenues of expression that often transcends national borders
what does TAL stand for?
technology advancement level
what media forms have the strongest political impact?
television, radio, phones, and the internet
what was the hole in the wall experiment trying to prove?
that children could be taught by computers very easily without any formal training
what did the GATT turn into and when?
the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995
what is an endemic?
the amount of a particular disease present in a community
what are global telecommunications doing?
they are changing how information and culture function in international relations
How did someone get avian influenza?
they were in direct or close contact with sick or dead poultry
what is the vision of the GHSA?
to attain a world safe and secure from global health threats posed by infectious diseases and elevate global health security as a national and global priority
what does the GHSA do?
transcends borders in the fight against biological health threats
what happened at TAL-1 (Stone Age)?
use of fire/domestication of animals
what happened at TAL-2 (Bronze Age)?
use of metal
what is ASEAN-China FTA?
world's third largest free trade area after the EU and NAFTA
what are examples of an epidemic
yellow fever, smallpox, measles